Сomparison of oxygen-free graphene sheets obtained in DMF and DMF-aqua media.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena A. Trusova ◽  
Inna V Klimenko ◽  
Asya M Afzal ◽  
Alexander N Shchegolikhin ◽  
Lyubov V Jurina
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Graphene Sheets ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Free Graphene

N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) is often used as a liquid medium for the exfoliation of graphene for the further use in a wide range of fields of science and technology: biomedical research,...

scholarly journals Sonochemical Preparation and Subsequent Fixation of Oxygen-Free Graphene Sheets at N,N-Dimethyloctylamine-Aqua Boundary

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena A. Trusova ◽  
Klara V. Kotsareva ◽  
Alexey N. Kirichenko ◽  
Sergey S. Abramchuk ◽  
Igor A. Perezhogin
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Ultrasound Irradiation ◽  
Graphite Powder ◽  
Graphene Sheets ◽  
Number Of Layers ◽  
Linear Dimensions ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Free Graphene ◽  
Synthetic Graphite ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

In this study, the syntheses of oxygen-free graphene sheets and the method of its fixation at an oil-aqua interface were presented. The graphene sheets were prepared by exfoliation of synthetic graphite powder in an aqua-organic medium under ultrasound irradiation. N,N-Dimethyloctylamine- (DMOA-) aqua emulsion was used as the liquid medium, and pH was equal to 3. The obtained graphene nanosuspension was fractionated by sedimentation and decanted according to the weight. The graphene nanoparticle fractions, differing in configuration and number of layers, have been characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction, HRTEM, Raman spectroscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). It was found that using a DMOA-aqua mixture as the liquid medium in ultrasonic treatment of synthetic graphite leads to the formation of oxygen-free 1-2-layer graphene sheets attached to the DMOA-aqua interface. The proposed method differs from known ones by using a small amount of more environmentally friendly organic substances. It allows to obtain large quantities of oxygen-free graphene, and finally unconverted graphite can be directed for reuse. The proposed method allows to obtain both 2D graphene sheets with micron linear dimensions and 3D packages with a high content of defects. Both these species are in demand in areas related to the development of new materials with unique electrophysical properties.

ORAL HISTORY SOURCES AS LEARNING MATERIALS: A CASE STUDY OF THE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Gugulethu Shamaine Nkala ◽  
Rodreck David
Keyword(s):  
Oral History ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
National Archives ◽  
National University ◽  
Set Up

Knowledge presented by Oral History (OH) is unique in that it shares the tacit perspective, thoughts, opinions and understanding of the interviewee in its primary form. While teachers, lecturers and other education specialists have at their disposal a wide range of primary, secondary and tertiary sources upon which to relate and share or impart knowledge, OH presents a rich source of information that can improve the learning and knowledge impartation experience. The uniqueness of OH is presented in the following advantages of its use: it allows one to learn about the perspectives of individuals who might not otherwise appear in the historical record; it allows one to compensate for the digital age; one can learn different kinds of information; it provides historical actors with an opportunity to tell their own stories in their own words; and it offers a rich opportunity for human interaction. This article discusses the placement of oral history in the classroom set-up by investigating its use as a source of learning material presented by the National Archives of Zimbabwe to students in the Department of Records and Archives Management at the National University of Science and Technology (NUST). Interviews and a group discussion were used to gather data from an archivist at the National Archives of Zimbabwe, lecturers and students in the Department of Records and Archives Management at NUST, respectively. These groups were approached on the usability, uniqueness and other characteristics that support this type of knowledge about OH in a tertiary learning experience. The findings indicate several qualities that reflect the richness of OH as a teaching source material in a classroom set-up. It further points to weak areas that may be addressed where the source is considered a viable strategy for knowledge sharing and learning. The researchers present a possible model that can be used to champion the use of this rich knowledge source in classroom education at this university and in similar set-ups. 

scholarly journals Mini-Review Regarding the Applicability of Genome Editing Techniques Developed for Studying Infertility

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Bogdan Doroftei ◽  
Ovidiu-Dumitru Ilie ◽  
Maria Puiu ◽  
Alin Ciobica ◽  
Ciprian Ilea
Keyword(s):  
Motor Activity ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Zinc Finger ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Zinc Finger Nucleases ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Transcription Activator ◽  
Phenotypic Changes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Short Palindromic Repeat

Infertility is a highly debated topic today. It has been long hypothesized that infertility has an idiopathic cause, but recent studies demonstrated the existence of a genetic substrate. Fortunately, the methods of editing the human genome proven to be revolutionary. Following research conducted, we identified a total of 21 relevant studies; 14 were performed on mice, 5 on zebrafish and 2 on rats. We concluded that over forty-four genes in total are dispensable for fertility in both sexes without affecting host homeostasis. However, there are genes whose loss-of-function induces moderate to severe phenotypic changes in both sexes. There were situations in which the authors reported infertility, exhibited by the experimental model, or other pathologies such as cryptorchidism, cataracts, or reduced motor activity. Overall, zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 are techniques that offer a wide range of possibilities for studying infertility, even to create mutant variants. It can be concluded that ZFNs, TALENs, and CRISPR/Cas9 are crucial tools in biomedical research.

scholarly journals INSPECTOR: free software for magnetic resonance spectroscopy data inspection, processing, simulation and analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Gajdošík ◽  
Karl Landheer ◽  
Kelley M. Swanberg ◽  
Christoph Juchem
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
User Friendliness ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractIn vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a powerful tool for biomedical research and clinical diagnostics, allowing for non-invasive measurement and analysis of small molecules from living tissues. However, currently available MRS processing and analytical software tools are limited in their potential for in-depth quality management, access to details of the processing stream, and user friendliness. Moreover, available MRS software focuses on selected aspects of MRS such as simulation, signal processing or analysis, necessitating the use of multiple packages and interfacing among them for biomedical applications. The freeware INSPECTOR comprises enhanced MRS data processing, simulation and analytical capabilities in a one-stop-shop solution for a wide range of biomedical research and diagnostic applications. Extensive data handling, quality management and visualization options are built in, enabling the assessment of every step of the processing chain with maximum transparency. The parameters of the processing can be flexibly chosen and tailored for the specific research problem, and extended confidence information is provided with the analysis. The INSPECTOR software stands out in its user-friendly workflow and potential for automation. In addition to convenience, the functionalities of INSPECTOR ensure rigorous and consistent data processing throughout multi-experiment and multi-center studies.

scholarly journals Methods Used and Application of the Mouse Grimace Scale in Biomedical Research 10 Years On: A Scoping Review

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 673
Author(s):  
Alexandra L. Whittaker ◽  
Yifan Liu ◽  
Timothy H. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Facial Features ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Neuroscience Research ◽  
Wide Range

The Mouse Grimace Scale (MGS) was developed 10 years ago as a method for assessing pain through the characterisation of changes in five facial features or action units. The strength of the technique is that it is proposed to be a measure of spontaneous or non-evoked pain. The time is opportune to map all of the research into the MGS, with a particular focus on the methods used and the technique’s utility across a range of mouse models. A comprehensive scoping review of the academic literature was performed. A total of 48 articles met our inclusion criteria and were included in this review. The MGS has been employed mainly in the evaluation of acute pain, particularly in the pain and neuroscience research fields. There has, however, been use of the technique in a wide range of fields, and based on limited study it does appear to have utility for pain assessment across a spectrum of animal models. Use of the method allows the detection of pain of a longer duration, up to a month post initial insult. There has been less use of the technique using real-time methods and this is an area in need of further research.

STUDYING OF ACTIVITY OF INHIBITORS OF PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES IN PRODUCTS OF PROCESSING OF GRAIN HARICOT (PHASEOLUS VULGARIS)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Н.Т. ШАМКОВА ◽  
А.М. АБДУЛХАМИД
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Trypsin Inhibitors ◽  
Milk Whey ◽  
Fine Grinding ◽  
Bean Flour ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mashed Potatoes

Определено содержание ингибиторов протеолитических ферментов в фасолевой муке, в пюре из зерновой фасоли, сваренной в воде, и в пюре из зерновой фасоли, сваренной после замачивания в воде в молочной сыворотке. Обосновано использование молочной сыворотки в качестве жидкой среды для варки зерновой фасоли после замачивания. Разработана технология полуфабриката в виде фасолевого пюре, предусматривающая замачивание фасоли в воде, варку в молочной сыворотке, грубое измельчение доведенной до готовности фасоли, последующее тонкое измельчение и охлаждение. Установлено, что в фасолевом пюре активность ингибиторов трипсина значительно ниже, чем в муке из фасоли, что делает пюре более предпочтительным полуфабрикатом для производства широкого ассортимента кулинарной продукции. The content of inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes in bean flour, in puree from beans harvested in water and in puree from cereal beans welded in milk whey after soaking in water is determined. The use of whey as a liquid medium for cooking grain beans after soaking is substantiated. The technology of semi-finished product in the form of bean puree, providing for soaking beans in water, cooking in milk whey, coarse grinding of the bean brought to the ready, subsequent fine grinding and cooling is developed. It has been found that the activity of trypsin inhibitors in bean puree is much lower than in bean flour, which makes mashed potatoes a more preferred semi-finished product for the production of a wide range of culinary products.

scholarly journals Physicians’ requirements and expectations of future Artificial Intelligence applications for healthcare – a web-based survey in German university hospitals (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Maassen ◽  
Sebastian Fritsch ◽  
Julia Gantner ◽  
Saskia Deffge ◽  
Julian Kunze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Patient Data ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Medical Disciplines

BACKGROUND The increasing development of artificial intelligence (AI) systems in medicine driven by researchers and entrepreneurs goes along with enormous expectations for medical care advancement. AI might change the clinical practice of physicians from almost all medical disciplines and in most areas of healthcare. While expectations for AI in medicine are high, practical implementations of AI for clinical practice are still scarce in Germany. Moreover, physicians’ requirements and expectations of AI in medicine and their opinion on the usage of anonymized patient data for clinical and biomedical research has not been investigated widely in German university hospitals. OBJECTIVE Evaluate physicians’ requirements and expectations of AI in medicine and their opinion on the secondary usage of patient data for (bio)medical research e.g. for the development of machine learning (ML) algorithms in university hospitals in Germany. METHODS A web-based survey was conducted addressing physicians of all medical disciplines in 8 German university hospitals. Answers were given on Likert scales and general demographic responses. Physicians were asked to participate locally via email in the respective hospitals. RESULTS 121 (39.9%) female and 173 (57.1%) male physicians (N=303) from a wide range of medical disciplines and work experience levels completed the online survey. The majority of respondents either had a positive (130/303, 42.9%) or a very positive attitude (82/303, 27.1%) towards AI in medicine. A vast majority of physicians expected the future of medicine to be a mix of human and artificial intelligence (273/303, 90.1%) but also requested a scientific evaluation before the routine implementation of AI-based systems (276/303, 91.1%). Physicians were most optimistic that AI applications would identify drug interactions (280/303, 92.4%) to improve patient care substantially but were quite reserved regarding AI-supported diagnosis of psychiatric diseases (62/303, 20.5%). 82.5% of respondents (250/303) agreed that there should be open access to anonymized patient databases for medical and biomedical research. CONCLUSIONS Physicians in stationary patient care in German university hospitals show a generally positive attitude towards using most AI applications in medicine. Along with this optimism, there come several expectations and hopes that AI will assist physicians in clinical decision making. Especially in fields of medicine where huge amounts of data are processed (e.g., imaging procedures in radiology and pathology) or data is collected continuously (e.g. cardiology and intensive care medicine), physicians’ expectations to substantially improve future patient care are high. However, for the practical usage of AI in healthcare regulatory and organizational challenges still have to be mastered.

scholarly journals FACELESS YOUTUBERS: HOW CONTENT CREATORS SHAPE AUDIENCE EXPECTATIONS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Dunham
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Flow Of Information ◽  
Share Information ◽  
Electrical Appliance

YouTube's maturation as a platform can be seen through a collection of social norms, audience expectations, and politics, all of which weave themselves into the technosocial fabric of digital life. As such, certain practices that regulate the flow of information have become normalized across a certain subset of YouTube channels. This paper will look at this practice among YouTubers that are “faceless”—content creators who do not reveal their faces on camera while voluntarily revealing many other aspects of their identity. Specifically, a content analysis is performed on these channels: The Lockpicking Lawyer, AvE, SteadyCraftin, This Old Tony, bigclivedotcom, CGP Grey, and fastASMR. The wide range of categories these channels belong to (DIY, self help, science and technology, home crafting, electrical appliance teardown, and audio therapy) indicates that choosing to remain faceless is not a function of a certain type of material, but rather a salient trend that crosscuts YouTube genres. The channels analyzed suggest that these YouTubers feel empowered through remaining faceless, allowing for increased disclosure about the topic at hand. They also demonstrate that Faceless YouTubers selectively share information depending on a range of motivations, all of which revolve around imparting meaningful content to specific audiences while maintaining a specifically-constructed notion of privacy. As a platform that is continually evolving,this paper represents an advance in the study of YouTube.

scholarly journals REFORMATION AND THE DISTRUST OF THE PROJECTOR IN THE HARTLIB CIRCLE

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
KOJI YAMAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
History Of Science ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Shared Experience ◽  
Useful Knowledge ◽  
New Synthesis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACTCase-studies of the circle of Samuel Hartlib, one of the most prolific groups of reformers in post-Reformation Europe, are flourishing. The uncovering of rich details has, however, made it difficult to draw a meaningful generalization about the circle's bewilderingly wide range of activities. Focusing on the circle's promotion of ‘useful knowledge’, this article offers an analytical framework for building a new synthesis. The eclectic and seemingly chaotic pursuit of useful knowledge emerged, it will be shown, as differing responses to, and interpretations of, pervasive distrust and the pursuit of reformation. The article thus explores how loosely-shared experience shaped the circle's ambivalent practices of collaboration and exclusion. The study thereby contributes not only to studies of the Hartlib circle, but also to the historiography of post-Reformation culture and burgeoning studies of trust and credibility in the history of science and technology.

Introduction of Biofilm with an Analysis of its Typical Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 850-851 ◽  
pp. 1234-1237
Author(s):  
Li Xin Li ◽  
Qiu Xu Wang ◽  
Zhi Wei Song ◽  
Yan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Contact Oxidation ◽  
Biofilm Process ◽  
Application Prospects ◽  
Typical Process

The classification and mechanism of the biofilm for treatment wastewater were introduced in this paper. Bio-contact oxidation, a typical biofilm process was described in detail. The example of treatment sewage of Heilongjiang University of science and technology proved that bio-contact oxidation process was more efficient for treatment sewage. It was considered as a wide range of application prospects.

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