Toxicity of Hydraulic Fracturing Wastewater from Black Shale Natural-Gas Wells Influenced by Well Maturity and Chemical Additives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Aghababaei ◽  
Jenna L Luek ◽  
Paul Ziemkiewicz ◽  
Paula Mouser
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Black Shale ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Shale Formations

Hydraulic fracturing of deep shale formations generates large volumes of wastewater that must be managed through treatment, reuse, or disposal. Produced wastewater liberates formation-derived radionuclides and contains previously uncharacterized organohalides...

Where

Hydrofracking ◽  
2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Prud’Homme
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Shale Formations

What Are Shale Plays, and Where Are the Major Shale Plays in the United States? As mentioned, the purpose of hydraulic fracturing is to access natural gas and oil trapped in shale formations, also known as “plays.” Shale plays are found across the United States...

scholarly journals From Scarcity to Abundance: The New Geopolitics of Energy

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Michael Klare
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Persian Gulf ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Shale Formations ◽  
Oil And Natural Gas ◽  
The Persian Gulf

For most of the Petroleum Age, and even as recently as ten years ago, the politics of energy were largely governed by perceptions of scarcity: the assumption that global supplies of most primary fuels were finite and would eventually prove insufficient to satisfy rising worldwide demand, resulting in intense competition over what remained.  The enduring prevalence of this view led many oil-importing nations to establish close ties with their major foreign suppliers and to employ force on occasion to ensure the safety of overseas supply lines.  This outlook guided American foreign policy for over half a century, resulting in several U.S. interventions in the Persian Gulf area.  Recently, however, a combination of technological and political considerations – the introduction of hydraulic fracturing (“fracking”) to extract oil and natural gas from previously inaccessible shale formations on one hand and rising concern over climate change on the other – has largely extinguished the perception of scarcity, introducing entirely new dynamics into the geopolitics of energy.

Exploring the hydraulic fracturing parameter space: a novel high-pressure, high-throughput reactor system for investigating subsurface chemical transformations

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Sumner ◽  
Desiree L. Plata
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Parameter Space ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Horizontal Drilling ◽  
Deep Well ◽  
Deep Well Injection

Hydraulic fracturing coupled with horizontal drilling (HDHF) involves the deep-well injection of a fracturing fluid composed of diverse and numerous chemical additives designed to facilitate the release and collection of natural gas from shale plays.

Split Estate and Wyoming’s Orphaned Well Crisis: The Case of Coalbed Methane Reclamation in the Powder River Basin, Wyoming

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Bills Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Coalbed Methane ◽  
Powder River Basin ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Mineral Rights ◽  
Split Estate ◽  
Legal Condition

This case presents the stakeholder conflicts that emerge during the development and subsequent reclamation of abandoned natural gas wells in Wyoming where split estate, or the separation of surface land and mineral rights from one another, occurs. From 1998 to 2008, the Powder River Basin of northeastern Wyoming experienced an energy boom as a result of technological innovation that enabled the extraction of coalbed methane (CBM). The boom resulted in over 16,000 wells being drilled in this 20,000 square-mile region in a single decade. As of May 2017, 4,149 natural gas wells now sit orphaned in Wyoming as a result of industry bankruptcy and abandonment. The current orphaned wells crisis was partially enabled by the patchwork of surface and mineral ownership in Wyoming that is a result of a legal condition referred to as split estate. As the CBM boom unfolded in this landscape and then began to wane, challenges emerged most notably surrounding stalled reclamation activities. This case illuminates these challenges highlighting two instances when split estate contributed to issues between landowners and industry operators which escalated to litigation.

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