The effect of polysaccharide-based hydrogels on the response of antigen presenting cell lines to immunomodulators

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Teng, Melody Chung ◽  
Chi Ming Laurence Lau ◽  
Ying Chau
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Foreign Material ◽  
Antigen Presenting Cell ◽  
Antigen Presenting

Hydrogel presents as foreign material to the host and participates in immune responses which would skew the biofunctions of immunologic loads (antigen and adjuvants) for in-situ DC priming. This study...

scholarly journals Establishment of multipotential and antigen presenting cell lines derived from myeloid leukemias in GM-CSF transgenic mice

Leukemia ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 732-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
JEJ Rasko ◽  
D Metcalf ◽  
B Alexander ◽  
A Strasser ◽  
CG Begley
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Antigen Presenting Cell ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Myeloid Leukemias ◽  
Antigen Presenting

scholarly journals Pros and Cons of Antigen-Presenting Cell Targeted Tumor Vaccines

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleo Goyvaerts ◽  
Karine Breckpot
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Potential Benefit ◽  
Tumor Vaccines ◽  
Antigen Presenting Cell ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
True Meaning ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Antigen Presenting

In therapeutic antitumor vaccination, dendritic cells play the leading role since they decide if, how, when, and where a potent antitumor immune response will take place. Since the disentanglement of the complexity and merit of different antigen-presenting cell subtypes, antitumor immunotherapeutic research started to investigate the potential benefit of targeting these subtypesin situ. This review will discuss which antigen-presenting cell subtypes are at play and how they have been targeted and finally question the true meaning of targeting antitumor-based vaccines.

scholarly journals Downregulation of the antigen presenting cell function(s) of pulmonary dendritic cells in vivo by resident alveolar macrophages.

1993 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
P G Holt ◽  
J Oliver ◽  
N Bilyk ◽  
C McMenamin ◽  
P G McMenamin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Antigen Presenting Cell ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
Intratracheal Administration ◽  
Antigen Presenting

Class II major histocompatibility complex (Ia)-bearing dendritic cells (DC) from airway epithelium and lung parenchyma express low-moderate antigen presenting cell (APC) activity when freshly isolated. However, this function is markedly upregulated during overnight culture in a manner analogous to epidermal Langerhans cells. The in vitro "maturation" process is inhibited by coculture with pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) across a semipermeable membrane, and the degree of inhibition achieved can be markedly increased by the presence of tumor necrosis factor alpha. In addition, PAM-mediated suppression of DC function is abrogated via inhibition of the nitric oxide synthetase pathway. Functional maturation of the DC is accompanied by increased expression of surface Ia, which is also inhibited in the presence of PAM. Prior elimination of PAM from DC donors via intratracheal administration of the cytotoxic drug dichloromethylene diphosphonate in liposomes, 24-72 h before lung DC preparation, achieves a comparable upregulation of APC activity, suggesting that (consistent with the in vitro data) the resident PAM population actively suppresses the APC function of lung DC in situ. In support of the feasibility of such a regulatory mechanism, electron microscopic examination of normal lung fixed by intravascular perfusion in the inflated state (which optimally preserves PAM in situ), revealed that the majority are preferentially localized in recesses at the alveolar septal junctions. In this position, the PAM are in intimate association with the alveolar epithelial surface, and are effectively separated by as little as 0.2 microns from underlying interstitial spaces which contain the peripheral lung DC population. A similar juxtaposition of airway intraepithelial DC is demonstrated with underlying submucosal tissue macrophages, where the separation between the two cell populations is effectively the width of the basal lamina.

Vagaries of the ELISpot assay: Specific detection of antigen responsive cells requires purified CD8+ T cells and MHC class I expressing antigen presenting cell lines

2015 ◽  
Vol 157 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick F. Fuchs ◽  
Gregor W. Jainta ◽  
Denise Kühn ◽  
Carmen Wilhelm ◽  
Marc Weigelt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Mhc Class I ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Elispot Assay ◽  
Class I ◽  
Specific Detection ◽  
Antigen Presenting Cell ◽  
Antigen Presenting

Efficient isolation of mutant antigen presenting cell lines by functional selection using T cell clones

1995 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syuichi Koarada ◽  
Eiroh Kubota ◽  
Miyoko Tokushima ◽  
Keiko Naitoh ◽  
Kensuke Miyake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Antigen Presenting Cell ◽  
T Cell Clones ◽  
Cell Clones ◽  
Antigen Presenting

scholarly journals 461. Classical Antigen Presenting Cell Activation Correlates with T Cell Immunity and COVID-19 Severity

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S333-S333
Author(s):  
Zhongyan Lu ◽  
Jarina Pena-DaMata ◽  
Katherine Pohida ◽  
Camille Lake ◽  
Nusrat J Epsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
T Cell Immunity ◽  
Antigen Presenting Cell ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Antigen Presenting

Abstract Background The initial response of immune cells against respiratory viruses often determines the severity and duration of disease. The early trajectory of the immune response during infection with SARS-CoV-2 remains poorly understood. Dysregulation of innate immune factors that facilitate viral clearance and the adaptive response, such as type I interferons, have been implicated in severe COVID-19. However, collection of biological samples during the first seven days post-symptom onset has posed a logistical challenge, limiting our knowledge surrounding the immune responses that drive protection versus immunopathology. Methods From March 2020, Military Health System beneficiaries presenting with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, a COVID-19 like illness, or a high-risk SARS-CoV-2 exposure at nine military medical treatment facilities across the United States were eligible for enrollment in our longitudinal cohort study, which included collection of respiratory sample, sera, plasma, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Twenty-five SARS-CoV-2 infected study participants provided samples with in the first seven days of symptom onset, fifteen of whom were hospitalized with COVID-19. We employed multiparameter spectral flow cytometry to comprehensively analyze the early trajectory of the innate and adaptive immune responses. Results We discovered that early activation of critical antigen presenting cell subsets was impaired upon comparing inpatients with outpatients, correlating with decreased antigen-experienced T cell responses. Specifically, we noted reduced expression of key costimulatory molecules, CD80 and CD86, on conventional dendritic cells that are required for viral antigen-specific T cell priming. Reduction in CD38, a marker of activation was also observed on inpatient dendritic cell subsets. Conclusion Reduced antigen presenting cell activation and expression of ligands that facilitate T cell engagement may impede the efficient clearance of SARS-CoV-2, coinciding with more severe disease in our cohort. Further analysis of the functional activation of early innate immune responses triggered by SARS-CoV-2 may unveil new immune biomarkers and therapeutic targets to predict and prevent severe disease associated with inadequate T cell immunity. Disclosures Simon Pollett, MBBS, Astra Zeneca (Other Financial or Material Support, HJF, in support of USU IDCRP, funded under a CRADA to augment the conduct of an unrelated Phase III COVID-19 vaccine trial sponsored by AstraZeneca as part of USG response (unrelated work))

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