Unlocking the potential of ruthenium catalysts for nitrogen fixation with subsurface oxygen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Mao ◽  
Zhengxiang Gu ◽  
Cheng Yan ◽  
Aijun Du
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Ruthenium Catalysts ◽  
Ru Catalysts ◽  
Subsurface Oxygen

Decorating subsurface oxygen in Ru catalysts to achieve high activity and selectivity for N2 reduction to ammonia.

scholarly journals Low Apparent Activation Energy of Ammonia Synthesis over Ru Catalyst Supported by Hydrogen Storage Material

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
kazuma torii ◽  
Takaya Ogawa ◽  
Ryusei Morimoto ◽  
Tetsu Seno ◽  
Hideyuki Okumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Apparent Activation Energy ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Ruthenium Catalysts ◽  
High Electron ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Material ◽  
Storage Material

<p>Ruthenium is an excellent catalyst for ammonia synthesis and recently shows quite high activity when supported on materials with high electron-donating and hydrogen-absorbing properties. The high activity is generally considered to originate from the two effects: the electron-donating property of the support, which reduces its apparent activation energy (<sup>app</sup>E<sub>a</sub>) to half of pure Ru’s <sup>app</sup>E<sub>a</sub>, and the hydrogen-absorbing property, which increases the active site by suppressing hydrogen poisoning, a drawback of ruthenium catalysts. Here, we investigated the catalytic performance of ruthenium loaded on TiMn<sub>2</sub>, a hydrogen storage material without electron-donating property to ruthenium. Ruthenium on TiMn<sub>2</sub> showed the <sup>app</sup>E<sub>a</sub> reduced by half despite the lack of electron-donating property. It is plausible that the decreased <sup>app</sup>E<sub>a</sub> is due to the elimination of hydrogen over Ru by TiMn<sub>2</sub>. The hydrogen storage capacity is also an essential factor in discussing the <sup>app</sup>E<sub>a</sub>.</p>

Effect of acidity and ruthenium species on catalytic performance of ruthenium catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (23) ◽  
pp. 6143-6149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Wang ◽  
Guojun Lan ◽  
Huazhang Liu ◽  
Yihan Zhu ◽  
Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
High Activity ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Ruthenium Catalysts ◽  
Acetylene Hydrochlorination ◽  
Deactivation Mechanism

Carbon-supported ruthenium catalysts are promising mercury-free catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination, due to their high activity and relatively low price. The deactivation mechanism was identified and solved by a simple ammonia treated method.

Nitrogen fixation in the rhizosphere of freshwater angiosperms

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Michael Bristow
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Acetylene Reduction ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Aerobic Conditions

Acetylene reduction by bacteria in the rhizosphere of Glyceria borealis and Typha sp. was studied under anaerobic and aerobic conditions. Under anaerobic conditions, when roots and rhizomes were incubated with rhizosphere sediments at 25 °C without glucose, acetylene reduction to ethylene was calculated to be 37 μmol g−1 day−1 and 3.6 μmol g−1 day−1 for Glyceria and Typha respectively. The rates were generally lower under aerobic conditions. Washed roots (without sediment) also showed high activity. The reduction of acetylene to ethylene had a Q10 of 4.5 in the Glyceria system. It is estimated that N2 fixation in the rhizosphere of this species may reach 60 kg ha−1 year−1.

Microcalorimetric adsorption and infrared spectroscopic studies of supported Pd, Ru and Pd–Ru catalysts for the hydrogenation of aromatic rings with carboxyl groups

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiling Zhao ◽  
Jingxuan Cai ◽  
Qiumei Hou ◽  
Danyang Zhao ◽  
Jianyi Shen
Keyword(s):  
Benzoic Acid ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Surface Chemical ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Ru Catalysts ◽  
Special Surface ◽  
Supported Pd

Pd–Ru/SiO2 showed special surface chemical properties that were totally different from those of Pd/SiO2 and Ru/SiO2 and exhibited high activity and selectivity for the hydrogenation of benzoic acid to cyclohexanecarboxylic acid.

scholarly journals Low Apparent Activation Energy of Ammonia Synthesis over Ru Catalyst Supported by Hydrogen Storage Material

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
kazuma torii ◽  
Takaya Ogawa ◽  
Ryusei Morimoto ◽  
Tetsu Seno ◽  
Hideyuki Okumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Apparent Activation Energy ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Ammonia Synthesis ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Ruthenium Catalysts ◽  
High Electron ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Material ◽  
Storage Material

<p>Ruthenium is an excellent catalyst for ammonia synthesis and recently shows quite high activity when supported on materials with high electron-donating and hydrogen-absorbing properties. The high activity is generally considered to originate from the two effects: the electron-donating property of the support, which reduces its apparent activation energy (<sup>app</sup>E<sub>a</sub>) to half of pure Ru’s <sup>app</sup>E<sub>a</sub>, and the hydrogen-absorbing property, which increases the active site by suppressing hydrogen poisoning, a drawback of ruthenium catalysts. Here, we investigated the catalytic performance of ruthenium loaded on TiMn<sub>2</sub>, a hydrogen storage material without electron-donating property to ruthenium. Ruthenium on TiMn<sub>2</sub> showed the <sup>app</sup>E<sub>a</sub> reduced by half despite the lack of electron-donating property. It is plausible that the decreased <sup>app</sup>E<sub>a</sub> is due to the elimination of hydrogen over Ru by TiMn<sub>2</sub>. The hydrogen storage capacity is also an essential factor in discussing the <sup>app</sup>E<sub>a</sub>.</p>

Visible-light-driven selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol and thioanisole by molecular ruthenium catalyst modified hematite

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (62) ◽  
pp. 9711-9714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichen Bai ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Xiaojuan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Benzyl Alcohol ◽  
Selective Oxidation ◽  
Ruthenium Catalysts ◽  
Ruthenium Catalyst ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
Oxidation Of Benzyl Alcohol ◽  
Visible Light Driven

Molecular ruthenium catalysts anchored to hematite efficiently catalyzed the oxidation of organic substrates in powder and PEC systems with high activity and selectivity.

scholarly journals Effects of Structure and Particle Size of Iron, Cobalt and Ruthenium Catalysts on Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis

Reactions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-77
Author(s):  
Wenping Ma ◽  
Ajay K. Dalai
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ruthenium Catalysts ◽  
Tropsch Synthesis ◽  
Intrinsic Activity ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Iron Cobalt ◽  
Ru Catalysts ◽  
Fischer Tropsch Synthesis ◽  
Fe Catalyst ◽  
Size Threshold

This review emphasizes the importance of the catalytic conversion techniques in the production of clean liquid and hydrogen fuels (XTF) and chemicals (XTC) from the carbonaceous materials including coal, natural gas, biomass, organic wastes, biogas and CO2. Dependence of the performance of Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis (FTS), a key reaction of the XTF/XTC process, on catalyst structure (crystal and size) is comparatively examined and reviewed. The contribution illustrates the very complicated crystal structure effect, which indicates that not only the particle type, but also the particle shape, facets and orientation that have been evidenced recently, strongly influence the catalyst performance. In addition, the particle size effects over iron, cobalt and ruthenium catalysts were carefully compared and analyzed. For all Fe, Co and Ru catalysts, the metal turnover frequency (TOF) for CO hydrogenation increased with increasing metal particle size in the small size region i.e., less than the size threshold 7–8 nm, but was found to be independent of particle size for the catalysts with large particle sizes greater than the size threshold. There are some inconsistencies in the small particle size region for Fe and Ru catalysts, i.e., an opposite activity trend and an abnormal peak TOF value were observed on a Fe catalyst and a Ru catalyst (2 nm), respectively. Further study from the literature provides deeper insights into the catalyst behaviors. The intrinsic activity of Fe catalysts (10 nm) at 260–300 °C is estimated in the range of 0.046–0.20 s−1, while that of the Co and Ru catalysts (7–70 nm) at 220 °C are 0.1 s−1 and 0.4 s−1, respectively.

scholarly journals THE ACTIVITY OF NITROGEN FIXATION IN THE ROOT ZONE OF PELUSHKA AND THE EFFICIENCY OF RHIZOGUMIN USE IN THE PELUSHKO-OATS CROPS IN DIFFERENT SYSTEMS OF FERTILIZATION

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
G. Khomenko ◽  
O. Hapon ◽  
V. Horban ◽  
V. Lavska
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Rhizobium Leguminosarum ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Crops Yield ◽  
Mixed Crops

It was established that high activity of nitrogen fixation in the root zone of Pisum arvensis L. can be achieved by use of biopreparation Rhizogumin, created on the basic of nodule bacteria Rhizobium leguminosarum, for crops inoculation. As a result of Rhizogumin application the rise of pelushko-oats crops yield was 7,0 % to 27,6 %, depending on the system of fertilization. The use of organic fertilizers within crop rotation systems was considered to be the most efficient when growing mixed crops.

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