Reaction engineering and kinetics of algae conversion to biofuels and chemicals via pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 1320-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ribhu Gautam ◽  
R. Vinu
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Reaction Engineering ◽  
Fuels And Chemicals ◽  
Kinetics Of

A state-of-the-art review on pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction of algae to fuels and chemicals with emphasis on reaction chemistry and kinetics.

scholarly journals Assessing the Conversion of Various Nylon Polymers in the Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Macroalgae

Environments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Sukanya Hongthong ◽  
Hannah S. Leese ◽  
Michael J. Allen ◽  
Christopher J. Chuck
Keyword(s):  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Marine Macroalgae ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Conventional Agriculture ◽  
Fucus Serratus ◽  
Nylon 12 ◽  
Fuels And Chemicals ◽  
Real Challenge

Marine macroalgae offers a promising third generation feedstock for the production of fuels and chemicals, avoiding competition with conventional agriculture and potentially helping to improve eutrophication in seas and oceans. However, an increasing amount of plastic is distributed into the oceans, and as such contaminating macroalgal beds. One of the major plastic contaminants is nylon 6 derived from discarded fishing gear, though an increasing amount of alternative nylon polymers, derived from fabrics, are also observed. This study aimed to assess the effect of these nylon contaminants on the hydrothermal liquefaction of Fucus serratus. The hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of macroalgae was undertaken at 350 °C for 10 min, with a range of nylon polymers (nylon 6, nylon 6/6, nylon 12 and nylon 6/12), in the blend of 5, 20 and 50 wt.% nylon to biomass; 17 wt.% biocrude was achieved from a 50% blend of nylon 6 with F. serratus. In addition, nylon 6 completely broke down in the system producing the monomer caprolactam. The suitability of converting fishing gear was further demonstrated by conversion of actual fishing line (nylon 6) with the macroalgae, producing an array of products. The alternative nylon polymer blends were less reactive, with only 54% of the nylon 6/6 breaking down under the HTL conditions, forming cyclopentanone which distributed into the biocrude phase. Nylon 6/12 and nylon 12 were even less reactive, and only traces of the monomer cyclododecanone were observed in the biocrude phase. This study demonstrates that while nylon 6 derived from fishing gear can be effectively integrated into a macroalgal biorefinery, alternative nylon polymers from other sectors are too stable to be converted under these conditions and present a real challenge to a macroalgal biorefinery.

ChemInform Abstract: Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) of Microalgae for Biofuel Production: State of the Art Review and Future Prospects

ChemInform ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (16) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Diego Lopez Barreiro ◽  
Wolter Prins ◽  
Frederik Ronsse ◽  
Wim Brilman
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Future Prospects

Oil/Water Emulsions Stabilized by Nanoparticles of Different Wettabilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilias Gavrielatos ◽  
Ramin Dabirian ◽  
Ram S. Mohan ◽  
Ovadia Shoham
Keyword(s):  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
Dispersion Phase ◽  
Spherical Silica ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Water Cut ◽  
Phase Water ◽  
Kinetics Of

A state-of-the-art, portable dispersion characterization rig (P-DCR) is used to investigate the effect of nanoparticles (NP) on oil-water emulsion formation and stabilization. Spherical silica NP of different wettabilities were used to investigate their effect on separation kinetics of solid stabilized emulsions in terms of solid particle concentration, wettability, initial dispersion phase, water-cut, and shearing time. The main findings of the study include the following: NP, even at concentrations as low as 0.005% or 0.01% (by weight), can significantly increase separation time of oil/water emulsions from a few minutes to several hours or even days. The P-DCR is recommended as an effective inline tool to measure emulsion stability in the field.

Perspectives and state of the art in producing solar fuels and chemicals from CO2

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-219
Author(s):  
Eid Gul ◽  
Pietro Elia Campana ◽  
Arunkumar Chandrasekaran ◽  
Senthilmurugan Subbiah ◽  
Haiping Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Solar Fuels ◽  
Fuels And Chemicals

Heterogeneous catalytic upgrading of biocrude oil produced by hydrothermal liquefaction of microalgae: State of the art and own experiments

2016 ◽  
Vol 148 ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego López Barreiro ◽  
Blanca Ríos Gómez ◽  
Frederik Ronsse ◽  
Ursel Hornung ◽  
Andrea Kruse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Catalytic Upgrading ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
Biocrude Oil

Evaluation of state variable interface between the Activated Sludge Models and Anaerobic Digestion Model no 1

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 901-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Yasui ◽  
K. Komatsu ◽  
R. Goel ◽  
Y. Y. Li ◽  
T. Noike
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
The State ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
State Variable ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

For plant wide modelling of wastewater treatment, it is necessary to develop a suitable state variables interface for integrating state of the art models of ASM and ADM1. ADM1 currently describes such an interface, however, its suitability needs to be experimentally evaluated. In this study, we characterised activated sludge under aerobic and anaerobic conditions to obtain representative state variables for both models. ASM state variables of XS, XH and XI (as obtained from aerobic tests) and ADM1 state variables of XC and XI (as obtained from anaerobic tests) were then correlated to assess the suitability of current interface. Based on the seven datasets of this study and seven datasets from literatures, it was found that in general ASM state variables were well correlated to the state variables of ADM1. The ADM1 state variable of XC could be correlated to the sum of state variables of XS and XH, while XI in both the models showed direct correspondence. It was also observed that the degradation kinetics of XC under anaerobic condition could be better described by individual degradation kinetics of XS and XH. Therefore, to establish a one to one correspondence between ASM and ADM1 state variables and better description of degradation kinetics in ADM1, replacing the composite variable of XC by the state variables of XS and XH is recommended.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document