A combined experimental and DFT approach on free radical induced oxidations of kynurenic acid

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (43) ◽  
pp. 18858-18866
Author(s):  
Kavanal P. Prasanthkumar ◽  
P. K. Sajith ◽  
Beena G. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Kynurenic Acid ◽  
The One

Using in vitro methods, the one electron oxidations of kynurenic acid and its efficacy in scavenging lipid peroxidation have been demonstrated.

Effect of Propofol on in Vitro Lipid Peroxidation Induced by Different Free Radical Generating Systems

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Hans ◽  
C. Deby ◽  
G. Deby-Dupont ◽  
B. Vrijens ◽  
A. Albeit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radical

Oxypurinol administration fails to prevent free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation during loaded breathing

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 1123-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Supinski ◽  
D. Nethery ◽  
D. Stofan ◽  
L. Szweda ◽  
A. DiMarco
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Fatigue Development ◽  
Loaded Breathing

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether it is possible to alter the development of fatigue and ablate free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation of the diaphragm during loaded breathing by administering oxypurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor. We studied 1) room-air-breathing decerebrate, unanesthetized rats given either saline or oxypurinol (50 mg/kg) and loaded with a large inspiratory resistance until airway pressure had fallen by 50% and 2) unloaded saline- and oxypurinol-treated room-air-breathing control animals. Additional sets of studies were performed with animals breathing 100% oxygen. Animals were killed at the conclusion of loading, and diaphragmatic samples were obtained for determination of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and assessment of in vitro force generation. We found that loading of saline-treated animals resulted in significant diaphragmatic fatigue and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances formation ( P < 0.01). Oxypurinol administration, however, failed to increase load trial time, reduce fatigue development, or prevent lipid peroxidation in either room-air-breathing or oxygen-breathing animals. These data suggest that xanthine oxidase-dependent pathways do not generate physiologically significant levels of free radicals during the type of inspiratory resistive loading examined in this study.

Study on the Antioxidation Activity of Peanut Antioxidant Peptide

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 446-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Na Yu ◽  
Qing Li Yang ◽  
Jie Sun ◽  
Jie Bi ◽  
Chu Shu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Peanut Protein ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Iron Ion ◽  
Antioxidant Peptides ◽  
Antioxidant Peptide ◽  
Antioxidative Function

Use peanut protein powder as the raw material, the five kinds of peanut antioxidant peptides (abbreviated as AP, FP, PP1, NP and PP2, respectively) were obtained through steps of Viscozyme pretreatment and Alcalase, Flavourzyme, Protamex, Neutral protease and Papain hydrolysis, respectively. Four types of antioxidation activities evaluation methods in vitro including scavenging of DPPH free radical, reducing power, iron ion chelation and anti-lipid peroxidation were presented to evaluate the antioxidation activities of peanut antioxidant peptides. The order of antioxidation activities of five antioxidant peptides was PP2>AP>FP>PP1>NP by comprehensive analysis of the antioxidation experimental results. The results indicated that the optimum proteolytic enzyme for preparing antioxidant peptide was papain. Among the five antioxidant peptides, PP2 had the most antioxidation activities of scavenging of DPPH free radical, reducing power, anti-lipid peroxidation. Therefore, the research and development of antioxidant peptide with the antioxidative function by using papain is an effective approach to further exploit peanut protein.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Potential of Polar and Non-Polar Extracts ofCyanthillium cinereum In Vitro

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunjan Guha ◽  
V. Rajkumar ◽  
R. Ashok Kumar ◽  
Lazar Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Xtt Assay ◽  
Polar Extracts ◽  
Scavenging Efficiency

Cyanthillium cinereum(Less.) H. Rob. (Asteraceae) has been traditionally known for its medicinal properties, all aspects of which are yet to be exploited. This study was aimed at investigating the therapeutic potential of polar (methanolic and aqueous) and nonpolar (hexane and chloroform) crude extracts of the whole plant. Several parameters including free-radical (DPPH•, ABTS•+, H2O2and•OH) scavenging, reducing power, protection of DNA against oxidative damage, cytotoxicity, inhibition of oxidative hemolysis in erythrocytes, total phenolic content and inhibition of lipid peroxidation were examined. All the free-radical generating assay models demonstrated positive scavenging efficiency with differential but considerable magnitudes for the four extracts. However, only the hexane extract showed significant H2O2scavenging effect. Lipid peroxidation was estimated by thiobarbituric acid-malondialdehyde (MDA) reaction, and a high degree of inhibition was shown by all the extracts. Reducing power of the polar extracts was higher than the non-polar ones. All extracts showed a concentration-dependent increase in phenolic contents. Oxidative damage to erythrocytes was hindered by all extracts in diverse degrees. XTT assay showed that all extracts have mild cytotoxic property. The aqueous extract evidently demonstrated protective effect on pBR322 plasmid DNA against oxidative breakdown. These results suggested the potential ofC. cinereumas medicine against free-radical-associated oxidative damage and related degenerative diseases involving metabolic stress, genotoxicity and cytotoxicity.

scholarly journals A REVIEW ON ANTIOXIDANT METHODS

2016 ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dontha Sunitha
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Antioxidant Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Effects ◽  
In Vitro Antioxidant Activity

<p>ABSTRACT<br />To provide an outlook of the various available methods of antioxidant activity. Various available in vitro and in vivo methods are listed and the<br />procedure to perform the method, its mechanism is also explained in brief. 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl method was found to be used mostly for the<br />in vitro antioxidant activity evaluation purpose while lipid peroxidation was found as mostly used in vivo antioxidant assay. An ethanol was with the<br />highest frequency as a solvent for extraction purpose. Summarized information on the various methods available provides with reliable information<br />to confirm the benefits of antioxidant effects.<br />Keywords: Antioxidant activity, Reactive oxygen species, Free radical, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, Flavonoid.</p>

scholarly journals Epidermal Growth Factor Protects Neuronal Cells In Vivo and In Vitro against Transient Forebrain Ischemia- and Free Radical-Induced Injuries

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Peng ◽  
Tong-Chun Wen ◽  
Junya Tanaka ◽  
Nobuji Maeda ◽  
Seiji Matsuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Epidermal Growth Factor ◽  
Cultured Neurons ◽  
Forebrain Ischemia ◽  
Hippocampal Ca1 ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been considered to be a candidate for neurotrophic factors on the basis of the results of several in vitro studies. However, the in vivo effect of EGF on ischemic neurons as well as its mechanism of action have not been fully understood. In the present in vivo study using a gerbil ischemia model, we examined the effects of EGF on ischemia-induced learning disability and hippocampal CA1 neuron damage. Cerebroventricular infusion of EGF (24 or 120 ng/d) for 7 days to gerbils starting 2 hours before or immediately after transient forebrain ischemia caused a significant prolongation of response latency time in a passive avoidance task in comparison with the response latency of vehicle-treated ischemic animals. Subsequent histologic examinations showed that EGF effectively prevented delayed neuronal death of CA1 neurons in the stratum pyramidale and preserved synapses intact within the strata moleculare, radiatum, and oriens of the hippocampal CA1 region. In situ detection of DNA fragmentation (TUNEL staining) revealed that ischemic animals infused with EGF contained fewer TUNEL-positive neurons in the hippocampal CA1 field than those infused with vehicle alone at the seventh day after ischemia. In primary hippocampal cultures, EGF (0.048 to 6.0 ng/mL) extended the survival of cultured neurons, facilitated neurite outgrowth, and prevented neuronal damage caused by the hydroxyl radical-producing agent FeSO4 and by the peroxynitrite-producing agent 3-morpholinosydnonimine in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, EGF significantly attenuated FeSO4-induced lipid peroxidation of cultured neurons. These findings suggest that EGF has a neuroprotective effect on ischemic hippocampal neurons in vivo possibly through inhibition of free radical neurotoxicity and lipid peroxidation.

scholarly journals Influence of Acidosis on Lipid Peroxidation in Brain Tissues in vitro

1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo K. Siesjö ◽  
George Bendek ◽  
Tohru Koide ◽  
Eva Westerberg ◽  
Tadeusz Wieloch
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protonated Form ◽  
Radical Formation ◽  
Ferrous Ions ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Free Radical Formation ◽  
Brain Tissues

To study the influence of acidosis on free radical formation and lipid peroxidation in brain tissues, homogenates fortified with ferrous ions and, in some experiments, with ascorbic acid were equilibrated with 5–15% O2 at pH values of 7.0, 6.5, 6.0, and 5.0, with subsequent measurements of thiobarbituric acid-reactive (TBAR) material, as well as of water- and lipid-soluble antioxidants (glutathione, ascorbate, and α-tocopherol) and phospholipid-bound fatty acids (FAs). Moderate to marked acidosis (pH 6.5–6.0) was found to grossly exaggerate the formation of TBAR material and the decrease in α-tocopherol content and to enhance degradation of phospholipid-bound, polyenoic FAs. These effects were reversed at pH 5.0, suggesting a pH optimum at pH 6.0–6.5. It is concluded that acidosis of a degree encountered in ischemic brain tissues has the potential of triggering increased free radical formation. This effect may involve increased formation of the protonated form of superoxide radicals, which is strongly prooxidant and lipid soluble, and/or the decompartmentalization of iron bound to cellular macromolecules like ferritin.

scholarly journals Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Chitin and Chitosan Prepared from Pacific White Shrimp Waste

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trang Si Trung ◽  
Huynh Nguyen Duy Bao
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Pacific White Shrimp ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Shrimp Waste ◽  
Chitin And Chitosan

Chitin and chitosan, valuable marine biopolymers, recovered from shrimp waste, are an abundant by-product of the shrimp processing industry in Vietnam, at an estimated 200000 metric tons per year. The obtained chitin and chitosan are characterized by their purity and functional properties. The polymers show good quality with low residual ash and protein content (<1%). The antioxidant potency of chitosan is evaluated by several different in vitro systems, including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, total reducing power, and inhibition of lipid peroxidation. The DPPH free radical scavenging, total reducing power, and lipid peroxidation inhibition activities of chitosan at varying concentration (0.125 to 1.0 mg/mL) range from 3.7 to 16.8%, 0.05 to 0.15, and 1.7 to 15.1%, respectively. This study demonstrates that chitin and chitosan, of good quality and having characteristics compatible with a broad range of applications, can be prepared from white shrimp waste.

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