An ultra high-efficiency droplet microfluidics platform using automatically synchronized droplet pairing and merging

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (21) ◽  
pp. 3948-3959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Zhang ◽  
Adrian R. Guzman ◽  
Jose A. Wippold ◽  
Yuwen Li ◽  
Jing Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
Microfluidics Platform

The integrated droplet platform combines curved microstructures that allow high-efficiency (99.9%) reflow of droplets and a droplet cleaving that automatically synchronizes paired droplets enabling high-efficiency (99.9%) downstream merging.

A droplet microfluidics platform for rapid microalgal growth and oil production analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (8) ◽  
pp. 1691-1701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Soo Kim ◽  
Adrian R. Guzman ◽  
Hem R. Thapa ◽  
Timothy P. Devarenne ◽  
Arum Han
Keyword(s):  
Oil Production ◽  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
Production Analysis ◽  
Microfluidics Platform

Integration of Protein Processing Steps on a Droplet Microfluidics Platform for MALDI-MS Analysis

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 2095-2101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debalina Chatterjee ◽  
A. Jimmy Ytterberg ◽  
Sang Uk Son ◽  
Joseph A. Loo ◽  
Robin L. Garrell
Keyword(s):  
Protein Processing ◽  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
Maldi Ms ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Processing Steps ◽  
Microfluidics Platform

scholarly journals Dean flow assisted single cell and bead encapsulation for high performance single cell expression profiling

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luoquan Li ◽  
Ping Wu ◽  
Zhaofeng Luo ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Weiping Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Cell Concentration ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
High Cell Concentration ◽  
Dean Flow ◽  
Cell Expression

AbstractSingle-cell RNA sequencing examines the transcriptome of individual cells and reveals the inter-cell transcription heterogeneity, playing a critical role in both scientific research and clinical applications. Recently, droplet microfluidics-based platform for expression profiling has been shown as a powerful tool to capture of the transcriptional information on single cell level. Despite the breakthrough this platform brought about, it required the simultaneous encapsulation of single cell and single barcoded bead, the incidence of which was very low. Suboptimal capturing efficiency limited the throughput of the Drop-seq platform. In this work, we leveraged the advance in inertial microfluidics-based cell sorting and designed a microfluidic chip for high efficiency cell-bead co-encapsulation, increasing the capturing rate by more than four folds. Specifically, we adopted spiral and serpentine channels and ordered cells/beads before the encapsulation region. We characterized the effect of cell concentration on the capturing rate and achieved a cell-bead co-capturing rate up to 3%. We tested this platform by co-encapsulating barcoded beads and human-mouse cell mixtures. The sequencing data distinguished the majority of human and mice expressions, with the doublet rate being as low as 5.8%, indicating that the simultaneous capturing of two or more cells in one droplet was minimal even when using high cell concentration. This chip design showed great potential in improving the efficiency for future single cell expression profiling.

scholarly journals Microfluidic Device for Droplet Pairing by Combining Droplet Railing and Floating Trap Arrays

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1076
Author(s):  
Margaux Duchamp ◽  
Marion Arnaud ◽  
Sara Bobisse ◽  
George Coukos ◽  
Alexandre Harari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Phase ◽  
Droplet Size ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Microfluidic Chip ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Chip Design ◽  
Single Droplets

Droplet microfluidics are characterized by the generation and manipulation of discrete volumes of solutions, generated with the use of immiscible phases. Those droplets can then be controlled, transported, analyzed or their content modified. In this wide droplet microfluidic toolbox, no means are available to generate, in a controlled manner, droplets co-encapsulating to aqueous phases. Indeed, current methods rely on random co-encapsulation of two aqueous phases during droplet generation or the merging of two random droplets containing different aqueous phases. In this study, we present a novel droplet microfluidic device to reliably and efficiently co-encapsulate two different aqueous phases in micro-droplets. In order to achieve this, we combined existing droplet microfluidic modules in a novel way. The different aqueous phases are individually encapsulated in droplets of different sizes. Those droplet populations are then filtered in order to position each droplet type towards its adequate trapping compartment in traps of a floating trap array. Single droplets, each containing a different aqueous phase, are thus paired and then merged. This pairing at high efficiency is achieved thanks to a unique combination of floating trap arrays, a droplet railing system and a droplet size-based filtering mechanism. The microfluidic chip design presented here provides a filtering threshold with droplets larger than 35 μm (big droplets) being deviated to the lower rail while droplets smaller than 20 μm (small droplets) remain on the upper rail. The effects of the rail height and the distance between the two (upper and lower) rails were investigated. The optimal trap dimensions provide a trapping efficiency of 100% for small and big droplets with a limited double trapping (both compartments of the traps filled with the same droplet type) of 5%. The use of electrocoalescence enables the generation of a droplet while co-encapsulating two aqueous phases. Using the presented microfluidic device libraries of 300 droplets, dual aqueous content can be generated in less than 30 min.

scholarly journals Droplet Microfluidics Platform for Highly Sensitive and Quantitative Detection of Malaria-CausingPlasmodiumParasites Based on Enzyme Activity Measurement

ACS Nano ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 10676-10683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sissel Juul ◽  
Christine J. F. Nielsen ◽  
Rodrigo Labouriau ◽  
Amit Roy ◽  
Cinzia Tesauro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Droplet Microfluidics ◽  
Quantitative Detection ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Microfluidics Platform

Microcalorimeters for X-Ray Spectroscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
E. Silver ◽  
C. Hailey ◽  
S. Labov ◽  
N. Madden ◽  
D. Landis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Thermal Response ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
High Resolution Spectroscopy ◽  
Superconducting Transition ◽  
Sapphire Substrates ◽  
Laboratory Plasmas ◽  
Adiabatic Demagnetization ◽  
Theoretical Predictions

The merits of microcalorimetry below 1°K for high resolution spectroscopy has become widely recognized on theoretical grounds. By combining the high efficiency, broadband spectral sensitivity of traditional photoelectric detectors with the high resolution capabilities characteristic of dispersive spectrometers, the microcalorimeter could potentially revolutionize spectroscopic measurements of astrophysical and laboratory plasmas. In actuality, however, the performance of prototype instruments has fallen short of theoretical predictions and practical detectors are still unavailable for use as laboratory and space-based instruments. These issues are currently being addressed by the new collaborative initiative between LLNL, LBL, U.C.I., U.C.B., and U.C.D.. Microcalorimeters of various types are being developed and tested at temperatures of 1.4, 0.3, and 0.1°K. These include monolithic devices made from NTD Germanium and composite configurations using sapphire substrates with temperature sensors fabricated from NTD Germanium, evaporative films of Germanium-Gold alloy, or material with superconducting transition edges. A new approache to low noise pulse counting electronics has been developed that allows the ultimate speed of the device to be determined solely by the detector thermal response and geometry. Our laboratory studies of the thermal and resistive properties of these and other candidate materials should enable us to characterize the pulse shape and subsequently predict the ultimate performance. We are building a compact adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator for conveniently reaching 0.1°K in the laboratory and for use in future satellite-borne missions. A description of this instrument together with results from our most recent experiments will be presented.

Imaging and diffraction modes in Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 684-687
Author(s):  
J. M. Cowley ◽  
R. Glaisher ◽  
J. A. Lin ◽  
H.-J. Ou
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Image Intensifier ◽  
Detector System ◽  
Detector Plane ◽  
Secondary Electrons ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Special Detector

Some of the most important applications of STEM depend on the variety of imaging and diffraction made possible by the versatility of the detector system and the serial nature, of the image acquisition. A special detector system, previously described, has been added to our STEM instrument to allow us to take full advantage of this versatility. In this, the diffraction pattern in the detector plane may be formed on either of two phosphor screens, one with P47 (very fast) phosphor and the other with P20 (high efficiency) phosphor. The light from the phosphor is conveyed through a fiber-optic rod to an image intensifier and TV system and may be photographed, recorded on videotape, or stored digitally on a frame store. The P47 screen has a hole through it to allow electrons to enter a Gatan EELS spectrometer. Recently a modified SEM detector has been added so that high resolution (10Å) imaging with secondary electrons may be used in conjunction with other modes.

Influence of MBE Growth Conditions on Dislocation Densities of GaAs/Ge Epilayers Grown on Silicon Substrates

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 364-365
Author(s):  
K.M. Hones ◽  
P. Sheldon ◽  
B.G. Yacobi ◽  
A. Mason
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Lattice Mismatch ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Nonradiative Recombination ◽  
Device Structure ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Dislocation Densities ◽  
Dislocation Type

There is increasing interest in growing epitaxial GaAs on Si substrates. Such a device structure would allow low-cost substrates to be used for high-efficiency cascade- junction solar cells. However, high-defect densities may result from the large lattice mismatch (∼4%) between the GaAs epilayer and the silicon substrate. These defects can act as nonradiative recombination centers that can degrade the optical and electrical properties of the epitaxially grown GaAs. For this reason, it is important to optimize epilayer growth conditions in order to minimize resulting dislocation densities. The purpose of this paper is to provide an indication of the quality of the epitaxially grown GaAs layers by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to examine dislocation type and density as a function of various growth conditions. In this study an intermediate Ge layer was used to avoid nucleation difficulties observed for GaAs growth directly on Si substrates. GaAs/Ge epilayers were grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on Si substrates in a manner similar to that described previously.

The use of high-resolution FESEM to study solid-state phase transformations and reactions

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 1028-1029
Author(s):  
P. G. Kotula ◽  
D. D. Erickson ◽  
C. B. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Phase Transformations ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Solid State Reactions ◽  
Critical Dimensions ◽  
Backscattered Electrons ◽  
Backscattered Electron

High-resolution field-emission-gun scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) has recently emerged as an extremely powerful method for characterizing the micro- or nanostructure of materials. The development of high efficiency backscattered-electron detectors has increased the resolution attainable with backscattered-electrons to almost that attainable with secondary-electrons. This increased resolution allows backscattered-electron imaging to be utilized to study materials once possible only by TEM. In addition to providing quantitative information, such as critical dimensions, SEM is more statistically representative. That is, the amount of material that can be sampled with SEM for a given measurement is many orders of magnitude greater than that with TEM.In the present work, a Hitachi S-900 FESEM (operating at 5kV) equipped with a high-resolution backscattered electron detector, has been used to study the α-Fe2O3 enhanced or seeded solid-state phase transformations of sol-gel alumina and solid-state reactions in the NiO/α-Al2O3 system. In both cases, a thin-film cross-section approach has been developed to facilitate the investigation. Specifically, the FESEM allows transformed- or reaction-layer thicknesses along interfaces that are millimeters in length to be measured with a resolution of better than 10nm.

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