Tracking physical breakdown of rice- and wheat-based foods with varying structures during gastric digestion and its influence on gastric emptying in a growing pig model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Nadia ◽  
Alexander G. Olenskyj ◽  
Natascha Stroebinger ◽  
Suzanne M. Hodgkinson ◽  
Talia G. Estevez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Pig Model ◽  
Moisture Uptake ◽  
Gastric Digestion ◽  
Food Structure ◽  
Growing Pig ◽  
Effect Of Food

There is currently a limited understanding of the effect of food structure on physical breakdown and gastric emptying of solid starch-based foods during gastric digestion. Moisture uptake, pH, particle size,...

scholarly journals Correction: Tracking physical breakdown of rice- and wheat-based foods with varying structures during gastric digestion and its influence on gastric emptying in a growing pig model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Nadia ◽  
Alexander G. Olenskyj ◽  
Natascha Stroebinger ◽  
Suzanne M. Hodgkinson ◽  
Talia G. Estevez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Pig Model ◽  
Gastric Digestion ◽  
Growing Pig

Correction for ‘Tracking physical breakdown of rice- and wheat-based foods with varying structures during gastric digestion and its influence on gastric emptying in a growing pig model’ by Joanna Nadia et al., Food Funct., 2021, DOI: 10.1039/D0FO02917C.

scholarly journals Oatmeal particle size alters glycemic index but not as a function of gastric emptying rate

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (3) ◽  
pp. G239-G246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan R. Mackie ◽  
Balazs H. Bajka ◽  
Neil M. Rigby ◽  
Peter J. Wilde ◽  
Fatima Alves-Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hormone ◽  
Glycemic Response ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Gastric Emptying Rate ◽  
Nutritional Guidance ◽  
Food Structure ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which oat particle size in a porridge could alter glucose absorption, gastric emptying, gastrointestinal hormone response, and subjective feelings of appetite and satiety. Porridge was prepared from either oat flakes or oat flour with the same protein, fat, carbohydrate, and mass. These were fed to eight volunteers on separate days in a crossover study, and subjective appetite ratings, gastric contents, and plasma glucose, insulin, and gastrointestinal hormones were determined over a period of 3 h. The flake porridge gave a lower glucose response than the flour porridge, and there were apparent differences in gastric emptying in both the early and late postprandial phases. The appetite ratings showed similar differences between early- and late-phase behavior. The structure of the oat flakes remained sufficiently intact to delay their gastric emptying, leading to a lower glycemic response, even though initial gastric emptying rates were similar for the flake and flour porridge. This highlights the need to take food structure into account when considering relatively simple physiological measures and offering nutritional guidance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The impact of food structure on glycemic response even in simple foods such as porridge is dependent on both timing of gastric emptying and the composition of what is emptied as well as duodenal starch digestion. Thus structure should be accounted for when considering relatively simple physiological measures and offering nutritional guidance.

Gastric emptying of nondigestible solids in dogs: a hydrodynamic correlation

1990 ◽  
Vol 258 (1) ◽  
pp. G65-G72 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Sirois ◽  
G. L. Amidon ◽  
J. H. Meyer ◽  
J. Doty ◽  
J. B. Dressman
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gravitational Constant ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Fluid Viscosity ◽  
Fluid Flow Rate ◽  
Hydrodynamic Correlation ◽  
Viscosity Polymer

The influence of particle size, particle density, fluid viscosity, and fluid flow rate on the gastric emptying of nondigestible solids was investigated in five dogs with chronically placed fistulas. Six hundred and fifty particles of 13 different size and density combinations were administered simultaneously with 500 ml of either normal saline or low-, medium-, or high-viscosity polymer solutions. The canine stomach was found to discriminate between these solids on the basis of size and density at all levels of viscosity above saline. The observed patterns of emptying are consistent with the hypothesis that gastric emptying of nondigestible solids is governed in part by hydrodynamics and correlate well with the gastric-emptying coefficient (GEC), a dimensionless grouping of variables that takes the form GEC = (Dpy/Dp) [g(rho f - rho p)Dp2]/[eta (nu)] where [g(rho f - rho p)] is particle buoyancy consisting of fluid (rho f) and particle (rho p) densities and g, the gravitational constant; (Dp) is the particle diameter, (Dpy) the estimated pyloric diameter, eta the fluid viscosity, and (nu) the average linear velocity of fluid exiting the stomach.

Duodenogastric reflux in the dog

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (6) ◽  
pp. G603-G607
Author(s):  
A. Sonnenberg ◽  
S. A. Muller-Lissner ◽  
G. Schattenmann ◽  
J. R. Siewert ◽  
A. L. Blum
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Gastric Secretion ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Duodenogastric Reflux ◽  
Gastric Volume ◽  
Gastric Digestion ◽  
Protein Meal ◽  
Gastric Emptying Rate

Duodenogastric reflux, gastric emptying, and gastric secretion were measured simultaneously by a double-marker technique after instillation of a liquid lipid meal (300 ml Intralipid) or a protein meal (300 ml Bactopeptone) in five trained mongrel dogs. A lipid meal was emptied slower and elicited less volume secretion than a protein meal. Duodenogastric reflux rate and intragastric accumulation of duodenal contents were similar with both meals. Intravenous infusion of atropine slowed gastric emptying and inhibited gastric volume secretion only in the case of protein meal. Atropine increased duodenogastric reflux rate and gastric accumulation of duodenal contents with both protein and lipid meals. The percentage of duodenal contents inside the stomach increased continuously during gastric emptying; it did not exceed 20% with both meals given alone and 40% with both meals given together with atropine. It is concluded that duodenogastric reflux and gastric accumulation of duodenal contents are common phenomena during gastric digestion of a meal. The degree of such accumulation does not depend on the type of meal. Intragastric accumulation of duodenal contents is increased when duodenogastric reflux rate is stimulated and when gastric emptying rate is inhibited simultaneously.

Effect of food structure on the distribution and reactivity of small molecules

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Ryan J Elias ◽  
John N Coupland
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Food Structure ◽  
Effect Of Food

Fatty acid bioaccessibility and structural breakdown from in vitro digestion of almond particles

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 5174-5187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clay Swackhamer ◽  
Zhichao Zhang ◽  
Ameer Y. Taha ◽  
Gail M. Bornhorst
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Size Reduction ◽  
Gastric Digestion ◽  
Particle Size Reduction ◽  
Structural Breakdown ◽  
Peristaltic Contractions

In vitro gastric digestion of almond particles using a model with simulated peristaltic contractions resulted in particle size reduction and higher fatty acid bioaccessibility than in vitro digestion using a model that lacked peristaltic contractions.

Effect of Food Structure and Processing on (Poly)phenol–Gut Microbiota Interactions and the Effects on Human Health

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco A. Tomás-Barberán ◽  
Juan C. Espín
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Food Matrix ◽  
Mediated Effects ◽  
Food Structure ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Relevant Factors

The two-way interaction of food (poly)phenols with the human gut microbiota has been studied throughout the past ten years. Research has shown that this interaction can be relevant to explain the health effects of these phytochemicals. The effect of the food matrix and food processing on this interaction has only been partially studied. In this article, the studies within this field have been critically reviewed, with a special focus on the following groups of phenolic metabolites: citrus flavanones, pomegranate ellagitannins, and cocoa proanthocyanidins. The available research shows that both the food matrix and food processing can be relevant factors for gut microbiota reshaping to reach a healthier microbial ecology and for the conversion of polyphenols to bioactive and bioavailable metabolites. There are, however, some research gaps that indicate a more comprehensive research approach is needed to reach valid conclusions regarding the gut microbiota–mediated effects of polyphenols on human health.

scholarly journals Effect of bran particle size on gastric emptying and small bowel transit in humans: a scintigraphic study.

Gut ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Vincent ◽  
A Roberts ◽  
M Frier ◽  
A C Perkins ◽  
I A MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Small Bowel Transit ◽  
Scintigraphic Study

Gastric emptying of ordinary food: effect of antrum on particle size

1980 ◽  
Vol 239 (3) ◽  
pp. G133-G135 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Food Effect ◽  
Physical Nature ◽  
Gamma Cameras ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Rapid Labeling

The lack of reliably quantitative methods has delayed understanding how the stomach empties and processes foods. Rapid refinement of gamma cameras has prompted the development of several methods for labeling of ordinary foods with radionuclides. These methods allow rapid labeling with tightly adherent nuclides and are safe for studies both in animals and humans. Nuclide-labeled foods have also permitted detailed analyses of gastric emptying in animals prepared with chronic duodenal fistulas. Early results indicate that the stomach retains foods until these are fragmented into particles smaller than 0.5 mm in diameter, and that this sieving is achieved in the antral region of the stomach. The speed of fragmentation of foods into particles of this size as well as the speed of emptying appear to be closely regulated by chemoceptive mechanisms in the small intestine, which can inhibit these processes. Thus, chemical composition of the meal regulates gastric emptying as well as the physical nature of the food, which determines how easily it can be fragmented by the stomach.

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