Gentisic acid prevents diet-induced obesity in mice by accelerating the thermogenesis of brown adipose tissue

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Han ◽  
Jielong Guo ◽  
Yunxiao Gao ◽  
Weidong Huang ◽  
Jicheng Zhan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Gentisic Acid ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Obesity In Mice

Since obesity occurs when energy intake is higher than energy expenditure, increasing energy expenditure is an effective strategy to prevent or treat obesity. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a classic...

scholarly journals Effects of stem cells from inducible brown adipose tissue on diet-induced obesity in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Calvo ◽  
Noelia Keiran ◽  
Catalina Núñez-Roa ◽  
Elsa Maymó-Masip ◽  
Miriam Ejarque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Metabolic Activation ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Obesity In Mice ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Visceral Adipose

AbstractAdipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are a promising option for the treatment of obesity and its metabolic co-morbidities. Despite the recent identification of brown adipose tissue (BAT) as a potential target in the management of obesity, the use of ASCs isolated from BAT as a therapy for patients with obesity has not yet been explored. Metabolic activation of BAT has been shown to have not only thermogenic effects, but it also triggers the secretion of factors that confer protection against obesity. Herein, we isolated and characterized ASCs from the visceral adipose tissue surrounding a pheochromocytoma (IB-hASCs), a model of inducible BAT in humans. We then compared the anti-obesity properties of IB-hASCs and human ASCs isolated from visceral white adipose tissue (W-hASCs) in a murine model of diet-induced obesity. We found that both ASC therapies mitigated the metabolic abnormalities of obesity to a similar extent, including reducing weight gain and improving glucose tolerance. However, infusion of IB-hASCs was superior to W-hASCs in suppressing lipogenic and inflammatory markers, as well as preserving insulin secretion. Our findings provide evidence for the metabolic benefits of visceral ASC infusion and support further studies on IB-hASCs as a therapeutic option for obesity-related comorbidities.

Brown adipose tissue activation in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 313 (6) ◽  
pp. E731-E736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Wang ◽  
Xiangzhi Meng ◽  
Chun Yang ◽  
Dongliang Fang ◽  
Xuemeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Sympathetic Denervation ◽  
Brown Adipose

Loss of body weight and fat mass is one of the nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Weight loss is due primarily to reduced energy intake and increased energy expenditure. Whereas inadequate energy intake in PD patients is caused mainly by appetite loss and impaired gastrointestinal absorption, the underlying mechanisms for increased energy expenditure remain largely unknown. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), a key thermogenic tissue in humans and other mammals, plays an important role in thermoregulation and energy metabolism; however, it has not been tested whether BAT is involved in the negative energy balance in PD. Here, using the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) rat model of PD, we found that the activity of sympathetic nerve (SN), the expression of Ucp1 in BAT, and thermogenesis were increased in PD rats. BAT sympathetic denervation blocked sympathetic activity and decreased UCP1 expression in BAT and attenuated the loss of body weight in PD rats. Interestingly, sympathetic denervation of BAT was associated with decreased sympathetic tone and lipolysis in retroperitoneal and epididymal white adipose tissue. Our data suggeste that BAT-mediated thermogenesis may contribute to weight loss in PD.

Effects of ovarian hormones on energy balance and brown adipose tissue thermogenesis

1986 ◽  
Vol 250 (2) ◽  
pp. R245-R249 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Richard
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Ovarian Hormones ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis

This study was carried out to investigate the nutritional energetics of ovariectomized rats with or without ovarian hormone replacement. Rats were divided into five groups: 1) sham operated, 2) ovariectomized, 3) ovariectomized and treated with progesterone, 4) ovariectomized and treated with estradiol, or 5) ovariectomized and treated with estradiol and progesterone. After 36 days of treatment, energy contents of all five groups were determined together with energy content of food and feces. Brown adipose tissue thermogenesis was assessed through mitochondrial GDP binding assay. Results show that ovariectomy leads to a 16% increase in metabolizable energy intake. This increase was accompanied by a twofold increase in body energy gain. Progesterone did not further affect energy intake and gain in ovariectomized rats. However, increases in both food intake and energy gain were prevented by the estradiol replacement therapy. There was no difference in energy expenditure between sham-operated and ovariectomized rats in the absence of estradiol. In estradiol-treated animals, energy expenditure (kJ.kg body wt-0.75 . day-1) showed a slight increase. There was no difference in protein content of interscapular brown adipose tissue between all five groups. GDP binding was slightly reduced in ovariectomized estradiol-treated rats. It is concluded from this study that ovarian hormones produce their effects on energy balance mainly by altering food intake.

scholarly journals Miglitol prevents diet-induced obesity by stimulating brown adipose tissue and energy expenditure independent of preventing the digestion of carbohydrates

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 1117-1129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Sasaki ◽  
Mayumi Shimpuku ◽  
Tomoya Kitazumi ◽  
Haruna Hiraga ◽  
Yuko Nakagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Brown Adipose

scholarly journals Brown Adipose YY1 Deficiency Activates Expression of Secreted Proteins Linked to Energy Expenditure and Prevents Diet-Induced Obesity

2015 ◽  
pp. MCB.00722-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Verdeguer ◽  
Meghan S. Soustek ◽  
Maximilian Hatting ◽  
Sharon M. Blättler ◽  
Devin McDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Fat ◽  
Secreted Proteins ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
White Fat

Mitochondrial oxidative and thermogenic function in brown and beige adipose tissues modulate rates of energy expenditure. It is unclear, however, how beige or white adipose tissue contributes to brown fat thermogenic function or compensate for partial deficiencies in this tissue and protect against obesity. Here, we show that the transcription factor YY1 in brown adipose tissue activates the canonical thermogenic and uncoupling gene expression program. In contrast, YY1 represses a series of secreted proteins including FGF21, BMP8b, GDF15, Angptl6, Neuromedin B and Nesfatin linked to energy expenditure. Despite substantial decreases in mitochondrial thermogenic proteins in brown fat, mice lacking YY1 in this tissue are strongly protected against diet-induced obesity, exhibit increased energy expenditure and oxygen consumption in beige and white fat depots. The increased expression of secreted proteins correlates with elevation of energy expenditure and promotion of beige and white fat activation. These results indicate that YY1 in brown adipose tissue controls antagonistic gene expression programs associated with energy balance and maintenance of body weight.

scholarly journals The effect of mirabegron on energy expenditure and brown adipose tissue in healthy lean South Asian and Europid men

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 2032-2044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly J. Nahon ◽  
Laura G. M. Janssen ◽  
Aashley S. D. Sardjoe Mishre ◽  
Manu P. Bilsen ◽  
Jari A. Eijk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Brown Adipose

W1854 Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Activates Brown Adipose Tissue and Increases Energy Expenditure in Obese Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. S-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Stylopoulos ◽  
Xiao B. Zhang ◽  
Anna-Liisa Brownell ◽  
Lee M. Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Brown Adipose

Role of thermogenesis in the regulation of energy balance in relation to obesity

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Himms-Hagen
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Thermal Balance ◽  
Prominent Feature ◽  
Thermic Effect Of Food ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Thermic Effect

Obligatory thermogenesis is a necessary accompaniment of all metabolic processes involved in maintenance of the body in the living state, and occurs in ail organs. It includes energy expenditure involved in ingesting, digesting, and processing food (thermic effect of food (TEF)). At certain life stages extra energy expenditure for growth, pregnancy, or lactation would also be obligatory. Facultative thermogenesis is superimposed on obligatory thermogenesis and can be rapidly switched on and rapidly suppressed by the nervous system. Facultative thermogenesis is important in both thermal balance, in which control of thermoregulatory thermogenesis (shivering in muscle, nonshivering in brown adipose tissue (BAT)) balances neural control of heat loss mechanisms, and in energy balance, in which control of facultative thermogenesis (exercise-induced in muscle, diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) in BAT) balances control of energy intake. Thermal balance (i.e., body temperature) is much more stringently controlled than energy balance (i.e., body energy stores). Reduced energy expenditure for thermogenesis is important in two types of obesity in laboratory animals. In the first type, deficient DIT in BAT is a prominent feature of altered energy balance. It may or may not be associated with hyperphagia. In a second type, reduced cold-induced thermogenesis in BAT as well as in other organs is a prominent feature of altered thermal balance. This in turn results in altered energy balance and obesity, exacerbated in some examples by hyperphagia. In some of the hyperphagic obese animals it is likely that the exaggerated obligatory thermic effect of food so alters thermal balance that BAT thermogenesis is suppressed. In all obese animals, deficient hypothalamic control of facultative thermogenesis and (or) food intake is implicated.Key words: thermogenesis, brown adipose tissue, energy balance, obesity, cold, thermoregulation, diet.

The administration of an extract from Berberis microphylla stimulates energy expenditure, thermogenesis and mitochondrial dynamics in mice brown adipose tissue

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 100988
Author(s):  
Luisa A Ramirez ◽  
Javier Quezada ◽  
Lissette Duarte ◽  
Francisca Concha ◽  
Lucas Escobillana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Brown Adipose
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