Resveratrol and organic selenium-rich fermented milk reduce D-galactose-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Wu ◽  
Tiantian Chen ◽  
Daodong Pan ◽  
Xiaoqun Zeng ◽  
Yuxing Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Fermented Milk ◽  
Organic Selenium ◽  
Age Related

Recently, dietary intervention has been considered as a prospective strategy in treating age-related cognitive dysfunction and brain plasticity degeneration. This study developed one kind of functional fermented milk rich in...

Walnut diets up-regulate the decreased hippocampal neurogenesis and age-related cognitive dysfunction in d-galactose induced aged rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 4755-4762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei An ◽  
Yuchen Sun ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Xiaolong Huang ◽  
Rui Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Aged Rats ◽  
Age Related

Recently, dietary intervention has been considered as a prospective strategy in delaying age-related cognitive dysfunction and brain plasticity degeneration.

scholarly journals Cognitive Aging in Dogs

Gerontology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Durga Chapagain ◽  
Friederike Range ◽  
Ludwig Huber ◽  
Zsófia Virányi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Normal Aging ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Behavioral Enrichment

A decline in the physical or mental health of older dogs can be a challenge for the owners, whose relationship with their dog is compromised by the cognitive and behavioral changes in their dogs. Although dog owners tend to consider many physiological and behavioral changes in old dogs as part of the normal aging process, it is important to differentiate between normal aging and pathologic aging, since behavioral changes may be the first indication of declining health and welfare in old dogs. Most reviews on cognitive aging in dogs have focused on translational approaches to human Alzheimer's disease; from a practical perspective, however, understanding normal cognitive aging in pet dogs and screening cognitively affected dogs are important in their own right. Here we review the literature on different cognitive functions that decline during aging, signs of cognitive dysfunction, screening methods, and preventive measures for age-related cognitive decline. Moreover, we discuss the drawbacks of using questionnaires as subjective measures of aging and propose the development of objective methods to distinguish normal cognitive aging from severe cognitive dysfunction. We suggest that multi-targeted approaches that combine owner-evaluated questionnaires with neuropsychological tests can be most effective in screening cognitively affected dogs from normally aging dogs. Regarding preventive measures, we conclude that combinations of dietary intervention and behavioral enrichment may be more beneficial than single-pathway manipulations in delaying cognitive aging or retaining various cognitive functions during aging.

scholarly journals Cerebral functional networks during sleep in young and older individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Daneault ◽  
Pierre Orban ◽  
Nicolas Martin ◽  
Christian Dansereau ◽  
Jonathan Godbout ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Sleep Stages ◽  
Functional Networks ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Light Sleep

AbstractEven though sleep modification is a hallmark of the aging process, age-related changes in functional connectivity using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) during sleep, remain unknown. Here, we combined electroencephalography and fMRI to examine functional connectivity differences between wakefulness and light sleep stages (N1 and N2 stages) in 16 young (23.1 ± 3.3y; 7 women), and 14 older individuals (59.6 ± 5.7y; 8 women). Results revealed extended, distributed (inter-between) and local (intra-within) decreases in network connectivity during sleep both in young and older individuals. However, compared to the young participants, older individuals showed lower decreases in connectivity or even increases in connectivity between thalamus/basal ganglia and several cerebral regions as well as between frontal regions of various networks. These findings reflect a reduced ability of the older brain to disconnect during sleep that may impede optimal disengagement for loss of responsiveness, enhanced lighter and fragmented sleep, and contribute to age effects on sleep-dependent brain plasticity.

scholarly journals Change by challenge: A common genetic basis behind childhood cognitive development and cognitive training

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Sauce ◽  
John Wiedenhoeft ◽  
Nicholas Judd ◽  
Torkel Klingberg
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Training Sample ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Central Piece ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Related Development ◽  
Explained Variation ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors ◽  
Cognitive Challenges

AbstractThe interplay of genetic and environmental factors behind cognitive development has preoccupied multiple fields of science and sparked heated debates over the decades. Here we tested the hypothesis that developmental genes rely heavily on cognitive challenges—as opposed to natural maturation. Starting with a polygenic score (cogPGS) that previously explained variation in cognitive performance in adults, we estimated its effect in 344 children and adolescents (mean age of 12 years old, ranging from 6 to 25) who showed changes in working memory (WM) in two distinct samples: (1) a developmental sample showing significant WM gains after 2 years of typical, age-related development, and (2) a training sample showing significant, experimentally-induced WM gains after 25 days of an intense WM training. We found that the same genetic factor, cogPGS, significantly explained the amount of WM gain in both samples. And there was no interaction of cogPGS with sample, suggesting that those genetic factors are neutral to whether the WM gains came from development or training. These results represent evidence that cognitive challenges are a central piece in the gene-environment interplay during cognitive development. We believe our study sheds new light on previous findings of interindividual differences in education (rich-get-richer and compensation effects), brain plasticity in children, and the heritability increase of intelligence across the lifespan.

Cerebral Hypoxia: Its Role in Age-Related Chronic and Acute Cognitive Dysfunction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brina Snyder ◽  
Stephanie M. Simone ◽  
Tania Giovannetti ◽  
Thomas F. Floyd
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Cerebral Hypoxia ◽  
Age Related

Inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis with ethyl acetate fraction of Bungeanum ameliorated cognitive dysfunction in aged mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meihuan Zhao ◽  
Yuan Dai ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Jie wang ◽  
Tengyun Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Material Basis ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Zanthoxylum Bungeanum ◽  
Zanthoxylum Bungeanum Maxim

Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim (Rutaceae), a homologous of medicine and foodstuff, has previously been demonstrated the potential prevention of age-related cognitive dysfunction. However, the mechanisms and material basis remain elusively understood....

AGING AND COGNITIVE DISORDERS FROM THE SOMNOLOGY’S VIEWPOINT

2021 ◽  
pp. 195-201
Author(s):  
И.М. Мадаева ◽  
Н.В. Семенова ◽  
Л.И. Колесникова ◽  
С.И. Колесников
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Cell Markers ◽  
Social Burden ◽  
Pathological Aging ◽  
Age Related

Высокое социальное бремя возрастзависимых заболеваний делает актуальным разработку и внедрение комплекса медицинских технологий донозологической диагностики, лечения и профилактики различных нарушений функциональных состояний жизнедеятельности человека в процессе старения. Возрастное снижение активности функционального состояния мозга и его взаимообусловленность с континуумом сон-бодрствование приводит к преждевременному (патологическому) старению с проявлениями нейродегенерации. Хотя нарушения функционирования цикла сон-бодрствование являются характерными для процесса старения, но возрастные изменения не всегда сопровождаются когнитивной дисфункцией. Сложная архитектура сна претерпевает выраженные изменения в течение всей жизни человека. В литературе активно дискутируется взаимосвязь нарушений циркадной ритмики при старении и развития когнитивной дисфункции. В то же время встречается достаточное количество исследований, посвященных изменениям организма на молекулярном уровне при возрастных нарушениях сна. Гетерогенность патогенетических механизмов старения, ассоциаций нарушений сна и процессов когнитивной дисфункции включает также изменение метаболизма. В регуляцию процессов сна вовлечены различные нейромедиаторы и другие биологически активные вещества, так называемые «sleep-promoting substances». Насущная необходимость дальнейших научных изысканий в поиске молекулярно-клеточных маркеров и диагностических паттернов нарушений сна при старении является перспективным и внесет значительный вклад в развитие прорывных технологий в профилактике патологического старения. Подход с позиции современной нейробиологии, сомнологии и медицины сна представляется крайне актуальным и своевременным. Этот обзор посвящен некоторым аспектам научных изысканий, посвященных возрастным изменениям сна и их молекулярно-клеточным маркерам. Age-dependent diseases high social burden makes relevant medical technologies development and implementation of human aging process functional state various disorders prenosological diagnosis, treatment and prevention. Age-related activity decrease of the brain functional state and its interdependence with the sleep-wake continuum leads to premature (pathological) aging with manifestations of neurodegeneration. Although disturbances of the sleep-wake cycle functioning are characteristic for the aging process, age-related changes are not always accompanied by cognitive dysfunction. There are sufficient number studies on the molecular level changes in age-related sleep disorders. Aging, sleep disorders and processes of cognitive dysfunction association pathogenetic mechanisms heterogeneity also include metabolism changes. Various neurotransmitters and other biologically active substances, so-called «sleep-promoting substances» are involved in the regulation of sleep processes. The urgent need for molecular-cell markers and diagnostic patterns of sleep disorders further scientific search in aging process is promising and will make a significant contribution to the breakthrough technologies development in the pathological aging prevention. The complex architecture of sleep undergoes pronounced changes throughout a person’s life. In the literature, the relationship of circadian rhythm disturbances during aging and the development of cognitive dysfunction is actively debated. Approach from the positions of the modern neurobiology, somnology and sleep medicine perspectives seems extremely relevant and timely. This review is devoted to some aspects of age-related in sleep and their molecular-cell markers changes modern scientific research and our own data analysis.

Aging

2019 ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Risto Näätänen ◽  
Teija Kujala ◽  
Gregory Light
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Speech Perception ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Temporal Processing ◽  
Brain Aging ◽  
Brain Plasticity ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Memory Traces ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Brain

This chapter shows that MMN and its magnetoencephalographic (MEG) equivalent MMNm are sensitive indices of aging-related perceptual and cognitive decline. Importantly, the age-related neural changes are associated with a decrease of general brain plasticity, i.e. that of the ability of the brain to form and maintain sensory-memory traces, a necessary basis for veridical perception and appropriate cognitive brain function. MMN/MMNm to change in stimulus duration is particularly affected by aging, suggesting the increased vulnerability of temporal processing to brain aging and accounting, for instance, for a large part of speech-perception difficulties of the aged beyond the age-related peripheral hearing loss.

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