Influence of lipid nanoparticle physical state on β-carotene stability kinetics under different environmental conditions

The urgent public health threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has received much attention from the world’s most important health agencies and national governmental organizations. However, despite large investments being allocated to strategizing national and international plans for addressing this public health problem, the incidence of untreatable, antimicrobial-resistant diseases continues to rise in many nations. To avoid returning to a society in which common infections once again become deadly, one must consider the often-ignored root causes driving inappropriate behaviors relating to antimicrobial use, such as the history of antimicrobial drug development, the effects of commodifying health-related services, and the rise in social inequalities. By employing the lens of political economy to analyze the phenomenon of AMR on national and international scales, it is found that the acceptance of neoliberalism as a governing ideology by authorities is hindering our ability to globally combat AMR through the depoliticization of issues that require political intervention to stimulate change. Differences in level of AMR and approaches to pharmaceutical governance between social democratic and liberal welfare states provide validity to this hypothesis.

Download Full-text

Informed Consent, Shared Decision-Making, and Complementary and Alternative Medicine

The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics ◽

10.1111/j.1748-720x.2003.tb00085.x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 247-250 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Jeremy Sugarman

Keyword(s):

Informed Consent ◽

Alternative Medicine ◽

Complementary And Alternative Medicine ◽

Well Being ◽

Published Data ◽

Office Visits ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Important Health ◽

Health Related ◽

Complementary And Alternative

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is used by many in hopes of achieving important health-related goals. Survey data indicate that 42 percent of the U.S. population uses CAM, accounting for 629 million “office” visits a year and expenditures of 27 billion dollars. This high prevalence of use calls for a careful evaluation of CAM so as to ensure the well-being of those using its modalities. Such an evaluation would obviously include assessments of the safety and efficacy of particular approaches, the training and integrity of practitioners, and the appropriateness of modalities for different conditions or uses. Given the lack of published data concerning many of these aspects of CAM, the likely unfamiliarity of its practitioners to the approaches available to clinicians practicing modern scientific medcine, and the need to respect the unique preferences of persons seeking assistance with achieving health-related goals, it is also important to assess the potential roles of informed consent for the use of CAM. Examining such roles is the central task of this paper.

Download Full-text

Stigma, Status, and Hidden Health Problems: Starting a Public Health Dialogue Among Haitians in New York City

Practicing Anthropology ◽

10.17730/praa.29.2.r522057x480266l3 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 4-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ellen Schnepel

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

New York City ◽

Second Generation ◽

Coming Of Age ◽

The United States ◽

Black Immigrants ◽

Life Chances ◽

Important Health ◽

Health Related ◽

Health Dialogue

In 1972 Bryce-Laporte wrote about the invisibility of black immigrants to the United States, suggesting that the persistence of racial discrimination in this country would undermine their life chances and compromise their quest for attainment of the American dream. Studies of the "new" second generation—that is, children born or raised in the U.S. of at least one immigrant parent (Portes, ed. 1996)—are now coming of age (Portes & Rumbaut 2001; Portes & Rumbaut, eds. 2001). Sociologists such as Philip Kasinitz and Mary Waters have studied the children of West Indian immigrants. Research on this second generation has focused overwhelmingly on issues of education, work, civic participation or incorporation, and identity (Kasinitz, et al. 2004; Waters 1999; Zéphir 2001). Few scholars have been examining important health-related behaviors or attitudes of second-generation Haitians.

Download Full-text

Adaptations of the Secretome of Candida albicans in Response to Host-Related Environmental Conditions

Eukaryotic Cell ◽

10.1128/ec.00142-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 1165-1172 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Frans M. Klis ◽

Stanley Brul

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Cell Surface ◽

Human Body ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Surface Stress ◽

Hyphal Growth ◽

Content Type ◽

General Response ◽

Culture Supernatants

ABSTRACTThe wall proteome and the secretome of the fungal pathogenCandida albicanshelp it to thrive in multiple niches of the human body. Mass spectrometry has allowed researchers to study the dynamics of both subproteomes. Here, we discuss some major responses of the secretome to host-related environmental conditions. Three β-1,3-glucan-modifying enzymes, Mp65, Sun41, and Tos1, are consistently found in large amounts in culture supernatants, suggesting that they are needed for construction and expansion of the cell wall β-1,3-glucan layer and thus correlate with growth and might serve as diagnostic biomarkers. The genesENG1,CHT3, andSCW11, which encode an endoglucanase, the major chitinase, and a β-1,3-glucan-modifying enzyme, respectively, are periodically expressed and peak in M/G1. The corresponding protein abundances in the medium correlate with the degree of cell separation during single-yeast-cell, pseudohyphal, and hyphal growth. We also discuss the observation that cells treated with fluconazole, or other agents causing cell surface stress, form pseudohyphal aggregates. Fluconazole-treated cells secrete abundant amounts of the transglucosylase Phr1, which is involved in the accumulation of β-1,3-glucan in biofilms, raising the question whether this is a general response to cell surface stress. Other abundant secretome proteins also contribute to biofilm formation, emphasizing the important role of secretome proteins in this mode of growth. Finally, we discuss the relevance of these observations to therapeutic intervention. Together, these data illustrate thatC. albicansactively adapts its secretome to environmental conditions, thus promoting its survival in widely divergent niches of the human body.

Download Full-text

Using Shared Treadmill Workstations to Promote Less Time Spent in Daily Low Intensity Physical Activities: A Pilot Study

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2014-0451 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 111-118 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Danielle R. Bouchard ◽

Shaelyn Strachan ◽

Leslie Johnson ◽

Fiona Moola ◽

Radhika Chitkara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Office Workers ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Activity Time ◽

Low Light ◽

Low Intensity ◽

Important Health ◽

Health Related ◽

Study Participants

Objective:Our objective was to test the feasibility of sharing treadmill workstations among office workers to reduce time spent at low intensity and explore changes in health outcomes after a 3-month intervention.Methods:Twenty-two office workers were asked to walk 2 hours per shift on a shared treadmill workstation for 3 months. Physical activity levels (ie, low, light, moderate, and vigorous), health-related measures (eg, sleep, blood pressure), treadmill usage information, and questions regarding participants’ expectation and experiences were collected.Results:Physical activity time at low intensity during workdays was reduced by 20.1% (P = .007) in the 71% of participants completing the study. Participants were 70% confident that they would keep using the treadmill workstations. Interestingly, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and sleep quality scores were significantly improved (P < .05).Conclusions:The use of such equipment to replace a few hours of sitting is feasible and might offer important health benefits.

Download Full-text

Modeling the Effect of Adverse Environmental Conditions and Clothing on Temperature Rise in a Human Body Exposed to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields

IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.1109/tbme.2014.2362517 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 627-637 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Stephen M. Moore ◽

Robert L. McIntosh ◽

Steve Iskra ◽

Andrew W. Wood

Keyword(s):

Radio Frequency ◽

Electromagnetic Fields ◽

Human Body ◽

Temperature Rise ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Adverse Environmental Conditions

Download Full-text