Complexation by cysteine and iron mineral adsorption limit cadmium mobility during metabolic activity of Geobacter sulfurreducens

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1877-1887
Author(s):  
E. J. Tomaszewski ◽  
L. Olson ◽  
M. Obst ◽  
J. M. Byrne ◽  
A. Kappler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Geobacter Sulfurreducens ◽  
Iron Mineral ◽  
Mineral Adsorption ◽  
Cd Removal

Initial speciation influences the extent of Cd removal and microbial growth.

scholarly journals Toggling Geobacter sulfurreducens metabolic state reveals hidden behaviour and expanded applicability to sustainable energy applications

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mir Pouyan Zarabadi ◽  
Steve J. Charette ◽  
Jesse Greener
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Geobacter Sulfurreducens ◽  
Metabolic State ◽  
Flow Reactors ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Sustainable Technologies ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Metabolic States

AbstractElectroactive biofilms are under intense scrutiny due to their potential to enable new sustainable technologies for energy production and bioremediation. However, severely reduced metabolic activity at low concentrations is a barrier to their implementation. A microfluidic approach was used for real-time respiration experiments on a Geobacter sulfurreducens biofilm to overcome these constraints. Precise changes to solution conditions enabled rapid and reversible switching between biofilm metabolic states, leading to the following discoveries. (i) Flow reactors can maintain biofilm activity at concentrations as low as 15 µM; (ii) a “pseudo-active” metabolic state separates active and inactive states; and (iii) acetate conversion can be as high as 90 percent for active biofilms at the pseudo-activity threshold.

scholarly journals Toggling Geobacter sulfurreducens metabolic state reveals hidden behaviour and expanded applicability to sustainable energy applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 2211-2217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mir Pouyan Zarabadi ◽  
Steve J. Charette ◽  
Jesse Greener
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Geobacter Sulfurreducens ◽  
Metabolic State ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Low Concentrations

Geobacter biofilms can be switched into different metabolic activity states and operate efficiently at low concentrations microfluidic three-electrode reactor.

scholarly journals Muropeptides Stimulate Growth Resumption from Stationary Phase inEscherichia coli

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvi Jõers ◽  
Kristiina Vind ◽  
Sara B. Hernández ◽  
Regina Maruste ◽  
Marta Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Peptide Bond ◽  
Bacterial Spores ◽  
Inescherichia Coli ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Previous Identification

AbstractWhen nutrients run out, bacteria enter a dormant metabolic state. This low or undetectable metabolic activity helps bacteria to preserve their scant reserves for future, but also diminishes their ability to trace the environment for new growth-promoting substrates. However, neighboring microbial growth is a sure indicator of favorable environment and thus, can serve as a cue for exiting the dormancy. Here we report that forEscherichia colithis cue is the basic peptidoglycan unit (i.e. muropeptide). We show that several forms of muropeptides can stimulate growth resumption of dormantE. colicells, but the sugar – peptide bond is crucial for activity. We also demonstrate that muropeptides from several different species can induce growth resumption ofE. coliand alsoPseudomonas aeruginosa. These results, together with the previous identification of muropeptides as germination signal for bacterial spores, makes muropeptides rather universal cue for bacterial growth.

scholarly journals Muropeptides Stimulate Growth Resumption from Stationary Phase in Escherichia coli

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvi Jõers ◽  
Kristiina Vind ◽  
Sara B. Hernández ◽  
Regina Maruste ◽  
Marta Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Peptide Bond ◽  
Bacterial Spores ◽  
Dormant Cells ◽  
Growth Promoting

AbstractWhen nutrients run out, bacteria enter a dormant metabolic state. This low or undetectable metabolic activity helps bacteria to preserve their scant reserves for the future needs, yet it also diminishes their ability to scan the environment for new growth-promoting substrates. However, neighboring microbial growth is a reliable indicator of a favorable environment and can thus serve as a cue for exiting dormancy. Here we report that for Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa this cue is provided by the basic peptidoglycan unit (i.e. muropeptide). We show that several forms of muropeptides from a variety of bacterial species can stimulate growth resumption of dormant cells and the sugar – peptide bond is crucial for this activity. These results, together with previous research that identifies muropeptides as a germination signal for bacterial spores, and their detection by mammalian immune cells, show that muropeptides are a universal cue for bacterial growth.

Ultrastructure and Drug Metabolism in the Developing Guinea Pig

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 538-539
Author(s):  
W. Kuenzig ◽  
M. Boublik ◽  
J.J. Kamm ◽  
J.J. Burns
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Adult Animal ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Mixed Function Oxidase ◽  
Cytochrome P 450 ◽  
Microsomal Mixed Function Oxidase ◽  
Mixed Function Oxidase Activity

Unlike a variety of other animal species, such as the rabbit, mouse or rat, the guinea pig has a relatively long gestation period and is a more fully developed animal at birth. Kuenzig et al. reported that drug metabolic activity which increases very slowly during fetal life, increases rapidly after birth. Hepatocytes of a 3-day old neonate metabolize drugs and reduce cytochrome P-450 at a rate comparable to that observed in the adult animal. Moreover the administration of drugs like phenobarbital to pregnant guinea pigs increases the microsomal mixed function oxidase activity already in the fetus.Drug metabolic activity is, generally, localized within the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) of the hepatocyte.

Fibroblasts During Hypertrophic Scar Formation and Resolution

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 428-429
Author(s):  
C. W. Kischer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Hypertrophic Scar ◽  
Normal Skin ◽  
Ground Substance ◽  
Hypertrophic Scars ◽  
Scanning Electron

The morphology of the fibroblasts changes markedly as the healing period from burn wounds progresses, through development of the hypertrophic scar, to resolution of the scar by a self-limiting process of maturation or therapeutic resolution. In addition, hypertrophic scars contain an increased cell proliferation largely made up of fibroblasts. This tremendous population of fibroblasts seems congruous with the abundance of collagen and ground substance. The fine structure of these cells should reflect some aspects of the metabolic activity necessary for production of the scar, and might presage the stage of maturation.A comparison of the fine structure of the fibroblasts from normal skin, different scar types, and granulation tissue has been made by transmission (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Ultrastructural aspects of gymnosperms reproductive organs tissues due to their functional condition

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-441
Author(s):  
G. M. Kozubov
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Complicated Structure ◽  
Tetrad Stage ◽  
Ubisch Bodies ◽  
Similar Organization ◽  
Female Reproductive Organs ◽  
High Metabolic Activity

The ultrastructure of reproductive organs of pine, spruce, larch and ginkgo was investigated. It was found that the male reproductive organs possess similar organization. The most considerable change in the ultrastructure of the microsporocytes occur in meiosis. Sporoderm is being laid at the late tetrad stage. The cells of the male gameto-phyte are distinguished according to the metabolic activity of the or- ganells. They are most weakly developed in the spermiogenic cell. Ta-petum of the gymnosperms is of the periplasmodic - secretorial type. The Ubisch bodies which possess similar structure in the types investigated but are specific in details in different species are produced in tapetum.Parietal and subepidermal layers are distinguished for their high metabolic activity and are capable of the autonomous photosynthesis. Female reproductive organs differ more greatly in their struture and have the most complicated structure in primitive groups. On the first stages of their formation the inner cells of nucellus are transformed into the nucellar tapetum in which the structures similar to the Ubisch bodies taking part in the formation of the sporoderm of female gametophyte have been found.

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