scholarly journals Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS): a powerful technique to study the SEI layer in batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Piernas-Muñoz ◽  
A. Tornheim ◽  
S. Trask ◽  
Z. Zhang ◽  
I. Bloom
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Solid Electrolyte ◽  
Solid Electrolyte Interphase ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Silicon Anode ◽  
Powerful Technique ◽  
Sei Layer ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman

The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on a silicon anode is investigated by SERS.

scholarly journals Direct Operando Observation of Double Layer Charging and Early SEI Formation in Li-Ion Battery Electrolytes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Mozhzhukhina ◽  
Eibar Flores ◽  
Robin Lundström ◽  
Ville Nystrom ◽  
Paul Kitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Surface ◽  
Solid Electrolyte Interphase ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Sei Layer ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Insight Into

<div>The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is one of the most critical, yet least understood, components to guarantee a </div><div>stable, long-lived and safe operation of the Li-ion cell. Herein, the early stages of SEI formation in a typical commercially-available </div><div>LiPF<sub>6</sub> and organic carbonate based Li-ion electrolyte are explored by <i>operando</i> surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), </div><div>online electrochemical mass spectrometry (OEMS), and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM). The electric double-</div><div>layer is directly observed to charge as Li<sup>+</sup> solvated by EC progressively accumulates at the negatively charged electrode surface. </div><div>Further negative polarization triggers SEI formation as evidenced by H<sub>2</sub> evolution, electrode mass deposition, and expulsion of the </div><div>electrolyte from the electrode surface. Electrolyte impurities, such as HF and H<sub>2</sub>O, are reduced early and contribute in a multistep </div><div>electro-/chemical process to an inorganic SEI layer rich in LiF and Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>. These results underline the strong influence of trace </div><div>impurities on the buildup of the SEI layer, and give new insight into the formation mechanism of the multi-layered SEI. The presented </div><div>study is a model example of how a combination of complementary and highly surface-sensitive operando characterization techniques </div><div>offer a step forward to understand interfacial phenomenon and SEI formation mechanisms in future Li-ion batteries</div>

scholarly journals Direct Operando Observation of Double Layer Charging and Early SEI Formation in Li-Ion Battery Electrolytes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliia Mozhzhukhina ◽  
Eibar Flores ◽  
Robin Lundström ◽  
Ville Nystrom ◽  
Paul Kitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Surface ◽  
Solid Electrolyte Interphase ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Sei Layer ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Li Ion ◽  
Insight Into

<div>The solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is one of the most critical, yet least understood, components to guarantee a </div><div>stable, long-lived and safe operation of the Li-ion cell. Herein, the early stages of SEI formation in a typical commercially-available </div><div>LiPF<sub>6</sub> and organic carbonate based Li-ion electrolyte are explored by <i>operando</i> surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), </div><div>online electrochemical mass spectrometry (OEMS), and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM). The electric double-</div><div>layer is directly observed to charge as Li<sup>+</sup> solvated by EC progressively accumulates at the negatively charged electrode surface. </div><div>Further negative polarization triggers SEI formation as evidenced by H<sub>2</sub> evolution, electrode mass deposition, and expulsion of the </div><div>electrolyte from the electrode surface. Electrolyte impurities, such as HF and H<sub>2</sub>O, are reduced early and contribute in a multistep </div><div>electro-/chemical process to an inorganic SEI layer rich in LiF and Li<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>. These results underline the strong influence of trace </div><div>impurities on the buildup of the SEI layer, and give new insight into the formation mechanism of the multi-layered SEI. The presented </div><div>study is a model example of how a combination of complementary and highly surface-sensitive operando characterization techniques </div><div>offer a step forward to understand interfacial phenomenon and SEI formation mechanisms in future Li-ion batteries</div>

Bacterial detection and differentiation via direct volatile organic compound sensing with surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin S. DeJong ◽  
David I. Wang ◽  
Aleksandr Polyakov ◽  
Anita Rogacs ◽  
Steven J. Simske ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman

Through the direct detection of bacterial volatile organic compounds (VOCs), via surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), we report here a reconfigurable assay for the identification and monitoring of bacteria. We demonstrate differentiation between highly clinically relevant organisms: <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i>, and <i>Serratia marcescens</i>. This is the first differentiation of bacteria via SERS of bacterial VOC signatures. The assay also detected as few as 10 CFU/ml of <i>E. coli</i> in under 12 hrs, and detected <i>E. coli</i> from whole human blood and human urine in 16 hrs at clinically relevant concentrations of 10<sup>3</sup> CFU/ml and 10<sup>4</sup> CFU/ml, respectively. In addition, the recent emergence of portable Raman spectrometers uniquely allows SERS to bring VOC detection to point-of-care settings for diagnosing bacterial infections.

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