Functionalized calcium orthophosphates (CaPO4) and their biomedical applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (47) ◽  
pp. 7471-7489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Dorozhkin
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Artificial Bone ◽  
Chemical Similarity ◽  
Calcium Orthophosphates ◽  
Calcified Tissues

Due to the chemical similarity to natural calcified tissues (bones and teeth) of mammals, calcium orthophosphates (abbreviated as CaPO4) appear to be good biomaterials for creation of artificial bone grafts.

scholarly journals Calcium Orthophosphate Bioceramics

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (3,4) ◽  
pp. 247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Dorozhkin
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Calcium Orthophosphate ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Artificial Bone ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
Metallic Implants ◽  
Calcium Orthophosphates ◽  
Porous Bioceramic ◽  
Calcified Tissues

The present review is intended to point the readers’ attention to the important subject of calcium orthophosphate bioceramics. Calcium orthophosphates by one-selves appear to be of a special significance for the human beings because they represent the inorganic part of calcified tissues of mammals. Therefore, many types of calcium orthophosphate-based bioceramics possess remarkable biocompatibility and bioactivity. Materials scientists extensively use this property in attempts to construct artificial bone grafts those are either entirely made of or only surface-coated by calcium orthophosphate bioceramics. Namely, self-setting calcium orthophosphate cements are very helpful in filling voids in damaged bones, while metallic implants covered by a surface layer of calcium orthophosphate bioceramics are widely used for hip joint endoprostheses and tooth substitutes. Porous bioceramic scaffolds made of calcium orthophosphates are very promising tools for tissue engineering applications. In this paper, an overview on the current knowledge on calcium orthophosphate bioceramics has been provided.

Synthetic amorphous calcium phosphates (ACPs):preparation, structure, properties and biomedical applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V Dorozhkin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
Calcium Orthophosphates ◽  
Structure Properties

Amorphous calcium phosphates (ACPs) represent a metastable amorphous state of other calcium orthophosphates (abbreviated as CaPO4) possessing variable compositional but rather identical glass-like physical properties, in which there are neither...

Effect of Titanium Nitride on Properties of Hydroxyapatite-Based Composites for Biomedical Applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 804 ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
Komsanti Chokethawai ◽  
Gobwut Rujijanagul ◽  
Tawee Tunkasiri
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Nitride ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Processes ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Artificial Bone ◽  
Maximum Hardness ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Aesthetic

Hydroxyapatite (HA) is widely used in biomedical applications as an artificial bone due to its excellent biocompatibility. In this work, the high purity HA powders were synthesized from natural bovine bone by a sequence of thermal processes. Then, the HA-based composites containing titanium nitride (TiN) at various compositions were fabricated by a solid-state reaction mixed oxide method. The green compacts were subsequently pressed and then sintered at 1200-1250°C for 2 hours. Surface morphology, compositions and phases of the as-prepared HA-based composites were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) utilizing energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD), respectively. The results showed that the physical and mechanical properties and also the aesthetic performance of HA-TiN composites were substantially varied through the changes in the microstructure and volume fraction of the reinforcing particulates. The maximum hardness value of 3.5 GPa was obtained for HA-2wt%TiN ceramic sintered at 1250°C.

Iliac crest versus artificial bone grafts in 250 cervical fusions

1994 ◽  
Vol 129 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 54-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Savolainen ◽  
J. P. Usenius ◽  
J. Hernesniemi
Keyword(s):  
Iliac Crest ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Artificial Bone

Engineering Human-Scale Artificial Bone Grafts for Treating Critical-Size Bone Defects

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 5077-5092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Cianciosi ◽  
Marco Costantini ◽  
Sara Bergamasco ◽  
Stefano Testa ◽  
Ersilia Fornetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Size ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Artificial Bone ◽  
Human Scale

Calcium Orthophosphate Bioceramics

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 57-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Dorozhkin
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Skeletal Structure ◽  
Calcium Orthophosphate ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Calcium Orthophosphates ◽  
Initial Work ◽  
Compositional Control ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Made In

Ceramics used for the repair and reconstruction of diseased or damaged parts of the musculo-skeletal system, termed bioceramics, can be bioinert, bioresorbable and bioactive, as well as porous for tissue ingrowth. This review is devoted to calcium orthophosphates, which belong to the categories of bioresorbable and bioactive bioceramics. There have been a number of major advances made in this field during the past 30 – 40 years. From initial work on development of bioceramics that were tolerated in the physiological environment, emphasis has now shifted towards the use of bioceramics that interact with bone tissue by forming a direct bond. By structural and compositional control, it is now possible to choose whether the bioceramics of calcium orthophosphates are biologically stable once incorporated within the skeletal structure or whether they are resorbed over time. Current biomedical applications of calcium orthophosphate bioceramics include replacements for hips, knees, teeth, tendons and ligaments, as well as repair for periodontal disease, maxillofacial reconstruction, augmentation and stabilization of the jawbone, spinal fusion and bone fillers after tumor surgery.

scholarly journals Endoscopy assisted extended curettage in a rare case of aneurysmal bone cyst involving the 2nd metatarsal of a child

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
Bhaskar Borgohain ◽  
Kashif A. Ahmed ◽  
Tashi G. Khonglah
Keyword(s):  
Aneurysmal Bone Cyst ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Bone Cyst ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Bone Tumours ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Residual Tumour ◽  
Artificial Bone ◽  
Extended Curettage

<p>Aneurysmal bone cysts account for only 1% of all bone tumours and of these only a handful of reported cases occur in the foot. They can mimic other bone tumours on imaging studies, thus making histological diagnosis mandatory. Aneurysmal bone cyst of a metatarsal is very rare especially in children and only few cases have been reported in the literature. We report the novel management option for a rare case of an Aneurysmal bone cyst localized to the second metatarsal in a 5 years old boy who presented with limping, local pain, and minimal swelling in his left foot. Tissue diagnosis was confirmed on the basis of needle biopsy. Surgery was in the form of extended curettage using an endoscope with a high-speed burr and cautery. The remnant cavity was filled up with artificial bone graft. Histopathology analysis of the resected tissue was consistent with Aneurysmal bone cyst. There was complete healing at final follow-up at 2 years. Endoscopy assisted extended curettage appears to be an ideal treatment option as it provides a perfect visualisation of the interior of the entire cyst and use of cautery and burr more accurately under direct vision which potentially leaves only a minimal scope for recurrence. Use of artificial bone grafts instead of conventional autogenous bone grafts to reduce graft site morbidity in children and stimulate local foreign body reaction for enhancing residual tumour cell kill if any and also to promote bony sclerosis for healing.</p>

scholarly journals Open Reduction and Internal Fixation with Artificial Bone Grafts for Calcaneus Fractures in Elderly People

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 765-768
Author(s):  
Hirokazu Takai ◽  
Tomoki Takahashi ◽  
Shuichi Eto ◽  
Seiko Takai ◽  
Youichi Hayashida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Fixation ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Open Reduction ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Artificial Bone ◽  
Calcaneus Fractures

Amorphous Calcium Phosphates

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 27-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Dorozhkin
Keyword(s):  
Structural Unit ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Matrix Vesicle ◽  
Calcium Orthophosphate ◽  
Artificial Bone ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Calcium Orthophosphates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Variable Chemical ◽  
Dry Conditions

Amorphous calcium phosphates (ACPs) represent a unique class of biomedically relevant calcium orthophosphate salts, in which there are neither translational nor orientational long-range orders of the atomic positions. Nevertheless, the constancy in their chemical composition over a relatively wide range of preparation conditions suggests the presence of a well-defined local structural unit, presumably, with the structure of Ca9(PO4)6 – so-called Posner’s cluster. ACPs have variable chemical but rather identical glass-like physicochemical properties. Furthermore, all ACPs are thermodynamically unstable compounds and, unless stored in dry conditions or doped by stabilizers, spontaneously they tend to transform to crystalline calcium orthophosphates. Although some order within general disorder is the most distinguishing feature of ACPs, the solution instability of ACPs and their easy transformation to crystalline phases might be of a great biological relevance. Namely, the initiating role ACPs play in matrix vesicle biomineralization raises the importance of this phase from a mere laboratory curiosity to that of a key intermediate in skeletal calcification. Furthermore, ACPs are very promising candidates to manufacture artificial bone grafts.

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