Synthetic amorphous calcium phosphates (ACPs):preparation, structure, properties and biomedical applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V Dorozhkin
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
Calcium Orthophosphates ◽  
Structure Properties

Amorphous calcium phosphates (ACPs) represent a metastable amorphous state of other calcium orthophosphates (abbreviated as CaPO4) possessing variable compositional but rather identical glass-like physical properties, in which there are neither...

scholarly journals Current Research on Polyelectrolyte Nanostructures: From Molecular Interactions to Biomedical Applications

Macromol ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-172
Author(s):  
Aristeidis Papagiannopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Molecular Interactions ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
Polymer Science ◽  
Biological Matter ◽  
Biomedical Field

Polyelectrolytes have been at the center of interdisciplinary research for many decades. In the field of polymer science and soft matter, they have provided the dimensions of electrostatic interactions, which opens a vast variety of opportunities for new physical properties and applications. In biological matter, polyelectrolytes are present in many forms, from extracellular polysaccharides to complex DNA molecules and proteins. This review discusses the recent research on polyelectrolytes covering the fundamental level of their conformations and nanostructures, their molecular interactions with materials that have close relevance to bioapplications and their applications in the biomedical field. This approach is motivated by the fact that the polyelectrolyte research is constantly active in all the aforementioned levels and continually affects many critical scientific areas.

Phase Change Materials - From Structures to Kinetics

2006 ◽  
Vol 918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Wuttig ◽  
Wojciech Welnic ◽  
Ralf Detemple ◽  
Henning Dieker ◽  
Johannes Kalb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Crystalline State ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
Structural Difference ◽  
Fast Time ◽  
Optical Contrast ◽  
Fast Time Scale ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Structure Properties

AbstractPhase change materials possess a unique combination of properties which include a pronounced property contrast between the amorphous and crystalline state, i.e. a high electrical and optical contrast. In particular the latter observation is indicative for a considerable structural difference between the amorphous and crystalline state. At the same time the crystallization of the amorphous state proceeds on a fast time scale. This raises the question how structure, properties and kinetics are related in phase change alloys. It will be demonstrated that only a small group of covalent semiconductors with octahedral-like coordination has the required property combination. This is related to their thermodynamic properties which govern the kinetics of crystallization.

Effects of Introduction of Initial Nuclei on Physical Properties of (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O 3 Films Crystallized from Amorphous State

2002 ◽  
Vol 271 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi Kobune ◽  
Osamu Matsuura ◽  
Tomoaki Matsuzaki ◽  
Tatsuya Sawada ◽  
Hironori Fujisawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Amorphous State

Photo-fluorescent and magnetic properties of iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications

Nanoscale ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 8209-8232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donglu Shi ◽  
M. E. Sadat ◽  
Andrew W. Dunn ◽  
David B. Mast
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Iron Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Basic Science ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Nanometer Range

Iron oxide exhibits fascinating physical properties especially in the nanometer range, not only from the standpoint of basic science, but also for a variety of engineering, particularly biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured ceramics powders for biomedical applications

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 574-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Heriberto de Almeida Camargo ◽  
O. J. Bellini ◽  
Enori Gemelli ◽  
M. Tomiyama
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Nanostructured Materials ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Calcium Phosphates ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Powder Synthesis ◽  
Mineralogical Characteristics ◽  
Nanostructured Ceramics

Nanostructured materials have been largely studied in the last few years because they have a great potential to applications in different fields like physics, chemistry, biology, mechanic and medicine. Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured materials is a subject of great interest involving science, market, politicians, government and society. The nanostructured materials are in demand in biomedical area, mainly the bioceramics composed of calcium phosphates (Ca/P), which have an excellent biocompatibility and mineralogical characteristics similar to those of bones. The aim of this work was to optimize the method of powder synthesis of nanostructured calcium phosphate and of nanocomposites composed of calcium phosphate//SiO2n, containing 5, 10 and 15% (in volume) of nanometric silica (SiO2n). The results are expressed according to the method of synthesis, mineralogical and morphological characterization, and thermal behavior for the different compositions of the nanostructured powder synthesized.

scholarly journals Applications of magnetic and multiferroic core/shell nanostructures and their physical properties

DYNA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (207) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Claudia Milena Bedoya-Hincapié ◽  
Elisabeth Restrepo-Parra ◽  
Luis Demetrio López-Carreño
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Magnetic Behavior ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Shell Nanostructures ◽  
Biomedical Field ◽  
Core Shell Structure ◽  
Significant Attention ◽  
Stimulation Of

The potential of nanotechnology in the biomedical field has been crucial for contributing to the possibility of efficiently meeting present necessities with novel materials. Over the last few decades, nanostructures with a core/shell structure have attracted significant attention because of the possibility of changing their physical properties by varying their chemistry and geometry. These structures have become relevant in targeted therapy (drug delivery and treatments to complement chemotherapy and radiotherapy), imaging and in the stimulation of cellular functions. Thus in this paper the current development of core/shell nanostructures is reviewed, emphasizing the physical properties of those that have been proposed as potentially having biomedical applications, which are based in a magnetic behavior or in a mixture of magnetic and electric (multiferroic) phenomena.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Biological Application of Polylactic Acid

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (21) ◽  
pp. 5023
Author(s):  
Ge Li ◽  
Menghui Zhao ◽  
Fei Xu ◽  
Bo Yang ◽  
Xiangyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biomedical Materials ◽  
Biomedical Material ◽  
Sugar Fermentation ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Good Biocompatibility

Over the past few decades, with the development of science and technology, the field of biomedicine has rapidly developed, especially with respect to biomedical materials. Low toxicity and good biocompatibility have always been key targets in the development and application of biomedical materials. As a degradable and environmentally friendly polymer, polylactic acid, also known as polylactide, is favored by researchers and has been used as a commercial material in various studies. Lactic acid, as a synthetic raw material of polylactic acid, can only be obtained by sugar fermentation. Good biocompatibility and biodegradability have led it to be approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a biomedical material. Polylactic acid has good physical properties, and its modification can optimize its properties to a certain extent. Polylactic acid blocks and blends play significant roles in drug delivery, implants, and tissue engineering to great effect. This article describes the synthesis of polylactic acid (PLA) and its raw materials, physical properties, degradation, modification, and applications in the field of biomedicine. It aims to contribute to the important knowledge and development of PLA in biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Coarse-Grained Models of RNA Nanotubes for Large Time Scale Studies in Biomedical Applications

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyam Badu ◽  
Sanjay Prabhakar ◽  
Roderick Melnik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Time Scale ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Md Simulation ◽  
Large Time ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Dihedral Angles ◽  
Computation Cost ◽  
In Series ◽  
Large Time Scale

In order to describe the physical properties of large time scale biological systems, coarse-grained models play an increasingly important role. In this paper we develop Coarse-Grained (CG) models for RNA nanotubes and then, by using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation, we study their physical properties. Our exemplifications include RNA nanotubes of 40 nm long, equivalent to 10 RNA nanorings connected in series. The developed methodology is based on a coarse-grained representation of RNA nanotubes, where each coarse bead represents a group of atoms. By decreasing computation cost, this allows us to make computations feasible for realistic structures of interest. In particular, for the developed coarse-grained models with three bead approximations, we calculate the histograms for the bond angles and the dihedral angles. From the dihedral angle histograms, we analyze the characteristics of the links used to build the nanotubes. Furthermore, we also calculate the bead distances along the chains of RNA strands in the nanoclusters. The variations in these features with the size of the nanotube are discussed in detail. Finally, we present the results on the calculation of the root mean square deviations for a developed RNA nanotube to demonstrate the equilibration of the systems for drug delivery and other biomedical applications such as medical imaging and tissue engineering.

scholarly journals Physical Properties of Nanoparticles That Result in Improved Cancer Targeting

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randa Zein ◽  
Wissam Sharrouf ◽  
Kim Selting
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Cancer Targeting ◽  
Drug Penetration ◽  
Charge Shape ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Chemical Attributes

The therapeutic efficacy of drugs is dependent upon the ability of a drug to reach its target, and drug penetration into tumors is limited by abnormal vasculature and high interstitial pressure. Chemotherapy is the most common systemic treatment for cancer but can cause undesirable adverse effects, including toxicity to the bone marrow and gastrointestinal system. Therefore, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have been developed to reduce the adverse effects of traditional chemotherapy by enhancing the penetration and selective drug retention in tumor tissues. A thorough knowledge of the physical properties (e.g., size, surface charge, shape, and mechanical strength) and chemical attributes of nanoparticles is crucial to facilitate the application of nanotechnology to biomedical applications. This review provides a summary of how the attributes of nanoparticles can be exploited to improve therapeutic efficacy. An ideal nanoparticle is proposed at the end of this review in order to guide future development of nanoparticles for improved drug targeting in vivo.

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