Surfactant-based promotion to gas hydrate formation for energy storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (38) ◽  
pp. 21634-21661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan He ◽  
Meng-Ting Sun ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Guo-Dong Zhang ◽  
Kun Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Research Status ◽  
The Past ◽  
Gas Hydrate Formation

Surfactant-promoted methane hydrate formation during the past 2–3 decades has been reviewed, aiming toward achieving a comprehensive evaluation on the current research status and effective guidance on the research prospects.

Combination of Silica Gel and Surfactin Promoting Methane Hydrate Formation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Amit Arora ◽  
Swaranjit Singh cameotra ◽  
Chandrajit Balomajumder ◽  
Rajnish Kumar ◽  
Anil Kumar Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silica Gel ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Subtilis Strain ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Gas Hydrate Formation ◽  
Novel Applications

Abstract Recently gas hydrates based technologies have been exploited for few novel applications such as Storage and transpiration of natural gas, gas mixtures separation, CO2 capture ,seawater desalination etc. Most of these applications are currently facing a challenge of low rate of gas hydrate formation. Chemical additives like surfactants can play a role of a good kinetic promoter for gas hydrate formation. The present study reports application of biosurfactant for enhancing gas hydrate formation. Biosurfactant was produced by Bacillus subtilis strain A21. These types of microbes show their presence in the real gas hydrate sites also. The surfactin was characterized using many sophisticated technique conforming the formation of surfactin. It was used in presence of fixed bed media of silica gel and it was observed that surfactin in the presence of silica gel has increased the consumption of moles of methane as well as reduced the induction time also as well as the conversion was also increase up to 27.9 % for 390 minutes for 1000 ppm surfactin hence indicating it to be a clean and novel promoter of methane hydrate formation in combination with silica gel which can replace its synthetic counter parts which are having environmental concerns.

Experimental Study on the Effect of Gas Hydrate Content on Heat Transfer

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remi-Erempagamo T. Meindinyo ◽  
Runar Bøe ◽  
Thor Martin Svartås ◽  
Silje Bru
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Ethylene Oxide ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Equilibrium Temperature ◽  
Gas Hydrate Formation

Gas hydrates are the foremost flow assurance issue in deep water operations. Since heat transfer is a limiting factor in gas hydrate formation processes, a better understanding of its relation to hydrate formation is important. This work presents findings from experimental study of the effect of gas hydrate content on heat transfer through a cylindrical wall. The experiments were carried out at temperature conditions similar to those encountered in flowlines in deep water conditions. Experiments were conducted on methane hydrate, Tetrahydrofuran hydrate, and ethylene oxide hydrate respectively in stirred cylindrical high pressure autoclave cells. Methane hydrate was formed at 90 bars (pressure), and 8°C, followed by a cooling/heating cycle in the range of 8°C → 4°C → 8°C. Tetrahydrofuran (THF) and ethylene oxide (EO) hydrates were formed at atmospheric pressure and system temperature of 1°C in contact with atmospheric air. This was followed by a heating/cooling cycle within the range of 1°C → 4°C → 1°C, since the hydrate equilibrium temperature of THF hydrate is 4.98°C in contact with air at atmospheric pressure. The experimental conditions of the latter hydrate formers were more controlled, given that both THF and EO are miscible with water. We found in all cases a general trend of decreasing heat transfer coefficient of the cell content with increasing concentration of hydrate in the cell, indicating that hydrate formation creates a heat transfer barrier. The hydrate equilibrium temperature seemed to change with a change in the stoichiometric concentration of THF and EO. While the methane hydrate cooling/heating cycles were performed under quiescent conditions, the effect of stirring was investigated for the latter hydrate formers.

scholarly journals Infrared spectroscopy on the role of surfactants during methane hydrate formation

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (62) ◽  
pp. 39109-39117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Rauh ◽  
Jens Pfeiffer ◽  
Boris Mizaikoff
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Methane Hydrate ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Gas Hydrate Formation

Studies on the role of surfactants at a molecular level during gas hydrate formation via in situ fiberoptic infrared spectroscopy.

Thermodynamic Modelling of Gas Hydrate Formation in the Presence of Inhibitors and the Consideration of their Effect

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Peyman Sabzi ◽  
Saheb Noroozi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Hydrates ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Flow Lines ◽  
Main Approach ◽  
Efficient Inhibitor ◽  
System A ◽  
Gas Hydrate Formation

Gas hydrates formation is considered as one the greatest obstacles in gas transportation systems. Problems related to gas hydrate formation is more severe when dealing with transportation at low temperatures of deep water. In order to avoid formation of Gas hydrates, different inhibitors are used. Methanol is one of the most common and economically efficient inhibitor. Adding methanol to the flow lines, changes the thermodynamic equilibrium situation of the system. In order to predict these changes in thermodynamic behavior of the system, a series of modelings are performed using Matlab software in this paper. The main approach in this modeling is on the basis of Van der Waals and Plateau's thermodynamic approach. The obtained results of a system containing water, Methane and Methanol showed that hydrate formation pressure increases due to the increase of inhibitor amount in constant temperature and this increase is more in higher temperatures. Furthermore, these results were in harmony with the available empirical data.Keywords: Gas hydrates, thermodynamic inhibitor, modelling, pipeline blockage

scholarly journals Rapid Gas Hydrate Formation—Evaluation of Three Reactor Concepts and Feasibility Study

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3615
Author(s):  
Florian Filarsky ◽  
Julian Wieser ◽  
Heyko Juergen Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Gas Hydrates ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Hydrate Formation ◽  
Synthetic Natural Gas ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Gas Hydrate Formation ◽  
Gas Conditioning ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Economic Considerations ◽  
High Storage

Gas hydrates show great potential with regard to various technical applications, such as gas conditioning, separation and storage. Hence, there has been an increased interest in applied gas hydrate research worldwide in recent years. This paper describes the development of an energetically promising, highly attractive rapid gas hydrate production process that enables the instantaneous conditioning and storage of gases in the form of solid hydrates, as an alternative to costly established processes, such as, for example, cryogenic demethanization. In the first step of the investigations, three different reactor concepts for rapid hydrate formation were evaluated. It could be shown that coupled spraying with stirring provided the fastest hydrate formation and highest gas uptakes in the hydrate phase. In the second step, extensive experimental series were executed, using various different gas compositions on the example of synthetic natural gas mixtures containing methane, ethane and propane. Methane is eliminated from the gas phase and stored in gas hydrates. The experiments were conducted under moderate conditions (8 bar(g), 9–14 °C), using tetrahydrofuran as a thermodynamic promoter in a stoichiometric concentration of 5.56 mole%. High storage capacities, formation rates and separation efficiencies were achieved at moderate operation conditions supported by rough economic considerations, successfully showing the feasibility of this innovative concept. An adapted McCabe-Thiele diagram was created to approximately determine the necessary theoretical separation stage numbers for high purity gas separation requirements.

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