The key role of protodeauration in the gold-catalyzed reaction of 1,3-diynes with pyrrole and indole to form complex heterocycles

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 997-1005
Author(s):  
Ioannis Stylianakis ◽  
Olalla Nieto Faza ◽  
Carlos Silva López ◽  
Antonios Kolocouris
Keyword(s):  
Form Complex

The mechanism of indole and carbazole formation via a formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition strategy is dominated by the protodeauration step.

scholarly journals Interplay Between SOX9, Wnt/β-Catenin and Androgen Receptor Signaling in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Namrata Khurana ◽  
Suresh C. Sikka
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Androgen Receptor ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Androgen Receptor Signaling ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
Signaling Axis

Androgen receptor (AR) signaling plays a key role not only in the initiation of prostate cancer (PCa) but also in its transition to aggressive and invasive castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, the crosstalk of AR with other signaling pathways contributes significantly to the emergence and growth of CRPC. Wnt/β-catenin signaling facilitates ductal morphogenesis in fetal prostate and its anomalous expression has been linked with PCa. β-catenin has also been reported to form complex with AR and thus augment AR signaling in PCa. The transcription factor SOX9 has been shown to be the driving force of aggressive and invasive PCa cells and regulate AR expression in PCa cells. Furthermore, SOX9 has also been shown to propel PCa by the reactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. In this review, we discuss the critical role of SOX9/AR/Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis in the development and progression of CRPC. The phytochemicals like sulforaphane and curcumin that can concurrently target SOX9, AR and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways in PCa may thus be beneficial in the chemoprevention of PCa.

Role of complementary shape in protein dimerization

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengyi Gao ◽  
Jens Glaser ◽  
Sharon C Glotzer
Keyword(s):  
Colloidal Nanoparticles ◽  
Protein Dimerization ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Biomolecular Complexes

Shape guides colloidal nanoparticles to form complex assemblies, but its role in defining interfaces in biomolecular complexes is less clear. In this work, we isolate the role of shape in...

scholarly journals Metabolic modulation regulates cardiac wall morphogenesis in zebrafish

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuichi Fukuda ◽  
Alla Aharonov ◽  
Yu Ting Ong ◽  
Oliver A Stone ◽  
Mohamed El-Brolosy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Development ◽  
Glycolytic Enzyme ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Neonatal Cardiomyocytes ◽  
Cardiac Wall ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Inhibition Of Glycolysis ◽  
And Behavior

During cardiac development, cardiomyocytes form complex inner wall structures called trabeculae. Despite significant investigation into this process, the potential role of metabolism has not been addressed. Using single cell resolution imaging in zebrafish, we find that cardiomyocytes seeding the trabecular layer actively change their shape while compact layer cardiomyocytes remain static. We show that Erbb2 signaling, which is required for trabeculation, activates glycolysis to support changes in cardiomyocyte shape and behavior. Pharmacological inhibition of glycolysis impairs cardiac trabeculation, and cardiomyocyte-specific loss- and gain-of-function manipulations of glycolysis decrease and increase trabeculation, respectively. In addition, loss of the glycolytic enzyme pyruvate kinase M2 impairs trabeculation. Experiments with rat neonatal cardiomyocytes in culture further support these observations. Our findings reveal new roles for glycolysis in regulating cardiomyocyte behavior during cardiac wall morphogenesis.

scholarly journals New N-(oxazolylmethyl)-thiazolidinedione Active against Candida albicans Biofilm: Potential Als Proteins Inhibitors

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Marc ◽  
Cătălin Araniciu ◽  
Smaranda Oniga ◽  
Laurian Vlase ◽  
Adrian Pîrnău ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Infection Prevention ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
New Approach ◽  
New Class ◽  
New Compounds

C. albicans is the most frequently occurring fungal pathogen, and is becoming an increasing public health problem, especially in the context of increased microbial resistance. This opportunistic pathogen is characterized by a versatility explained mainly by its ability to form complex biofilm structures that lead to enhanced virulence and antibiotic resistance. In this context, a review of the known C. albicans biofilm formation inhibitors were performed and a new N-(oxazolylmethyl)-thiazolidinedione scaffold was constructed. 16 new compounds were synthesized and characterized in order to confirm their proposed structures. A general antimicrobial screening against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungi, was performed and revealed that the compounds do not have direct antimicrobial activity. The anti-biofilm activity evaluation confirmed the compounds act as selective inhibitors of C. albicans biofilm formation. In an effort to substantiate this biologic profile, we used in silico investigations which suggest that the compounds could act by binding, and thus obstructing the functions of, the C. albicans Als surface proteins, especially Als1, Als3, Als5 and Als6. Considering the well documented role of Als1 and Als3 in biofilm formation, our new class of compounds that target these proteins could represent a new approach in C. albicans infection prevention and management.

Point and Extended Defect Interactions in Silicon

1997 ◽  
Vol 469 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Law ◽  
S. K. Earles
Keyword(s):  
Point Defects ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Extended Defects ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Extended Defect ◽  
Enhanced Diffusion ◽  
Defect Interactions ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Surface Sink

ABSTRACTTransient Enhanced Diffusion (TED) is one of the biggest modeling challenges present in predicting scaled technologies. Damage from implantation of dopant ions changes the diffusivities of the dopants and precipitates to form complex extended defects. Developing a quantitative model for the defect behavior during short time, low temperature anneals is a key to explaining TED. The surface can play a defining role in the removal of point defects from the bulk, but there is a lot of controversy over the role and strength of the surface sink for point defects. The controversy will be reviewed, and new experimental results will be presented that investigate the role of the surface on TED.

scholarly journals The Osteoprotegerin - Von Willebrand Factor Complex: Protagonist Or Bystander In Atherothrombosis?

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-290
Author(s):  
Elod Nagy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Pathophysiological Role ◽  
Factor Form ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor

AbstractTwo important cardiovascular risk factors, osteoprotegerin and Von Willebrand Factor form complex in endothelial cells and in circulating blood. The pathophysiological role of the complex is unknown. We give a brief review of the relevant literature and confront it with some of our recent findings regarding the OPG-VWF correlation.

scholarly journals I verbi di servizio (modali, aspettuali e causativi) e i verbi supporto nelle grammatiche descrittive d’italiano dal 1953 al 2005

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-32
Author(s):  
Anna Godzich
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Complex Predicates ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Light Verbs ◽  
Word Classes ◽  
Causative Verbs

The paper deals with Italian helping verbs (modal, aspectual, causative verbs) and light verbs which form complex predicates and with the rules that guide its use in Italian descriptive grammars published in Italy between 1953 and 2005. The author shows that those forms in both – traditional and contemporary Italian descriptive grammars are treated at the level of word classes whereas it could be more appropriate to discuss them as clause elements as they form complex predicates. In our opinion this way of describing such verbs is due to the tradition in Italy to focus on a form and not on function of an element. What is more, Italian grammarians tend to omit in Italian descriptive grammars noun predicationand the role of semantic predicate (n pred.). The goal of the paper is to present the advantages of an integrated approach to helping verbs (modal, aspectual, causative verbs) and light verbs in modern Italian. The author emphasizes its importance for contemporary Italian FL syntax teaching.

scholarly journals CRIMINALISTIC CLASSIFICATION OF CORRUPTION CRIMES IN LOCAL GOVERNMENTS

2019 ◽  
pp. 371-381
Author(s):  
Yu. Motlich
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Investigation Methods ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Optimal Set

This article is devoted to the study of criminalistic classification of corruption crimes in local governments. It discusses issues related to determining the basis for constructing a criminalistic classification, types and their significance for the development of criminalistic techniques for investigating corruption crimes in local government. Analysis of the scientific works of scientists led to the conclusion that the criminalistic classification is the basic systematizing element of crime investigation methodology, from which directly complex depends guidelines for the implementation of the investigation and ways to improve such recommendations. Such a scientific position is connected with the very essence of a criminal event as an object of study of criminalistics. The author of the article supports the position of scientists, indicate that the role of the criminalistic classification is to single out criminalistic signs of criminal activity and activities to investigate such crimes. This allows you to build the most effective and optimal criminalistic techniques. The method of investigation of corruption crimes in local governments is related to interspecific methods. Criminalistic construction qualifying offenses given the common criminalistic significant and criminal-legal signs allows science to create such interspecific methods that could satisfy the needs of the investigation. There are various approaches to the solution of the question of determining the grounds for constructing a criminalistic classification. It is necessary to take into account criminal-law and purely criminalistic signs in the implementation of the construction of a criminalistic classification of corruption crimes committed in local government bodies. In addition, it should be emphasized separately that the specific characteristic of the investigated crimes committedcamping in local government, it is the corruption component. Accounting for this specific feature is due to its direct influence on all elements of the criminal event. Therefore, the assignment to corruption of a certain group of crimes committed in local government bodies is associated both with the implementation of the correct criminal law qualification of the act, and with ensuring the proper level of organization and the choice of the correct investigation technique. Given the nature of the corruption component of individual crimes and results of studies of the development of criminalistic classifications, we can conclude that the classification of the study group of crimes should be subject to the following significant features : 1) the identity of the offender; 2) subject of encroachment; 3) method of crime (methods of preparing, committing and concealing crimes) ; 4) criminal technologies; 5) the results and consequences of the crime. The criminalistic classification is a vital element of such an interspecific criminalistic methodology, such as the method of investigating corruption crimes in local governments. Its development is aimed at ensuring the construction of an effective method of investigation of this group of crimes. The allocation of criminalistic classification with regard to criminal law and significant criminalistics grounds will allow to form complex methodological recommendations taking into account various typical situations of the initial and subsequent stages of the investigation, identify typical versions, tactical tasks and provide for an optimal set of means to solve them. Key words: forensic classification, corruption, bodies of local self-government, investigation, methods of investigation of crimes.

The Role of Local Interactions in Cities’ Global Networking of Multinational Firms: An SIR Model Applied to Partial-Multiplex Directed Networks

2018 ◽  
pp. 138-147
Author(s):  
Maria Tsouchnika ◽  
Michael Kanetidis ◽  
Celine Rozenblat ◽  
Panos Argyrakis
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Firms ◽  
Sir Model ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Directed Networks ◽  
Financial Network ◽  
Local Interactions ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
The World

In “The Role of Local Interactions in Cities’ Global Networking of Multinational Firms: An SIR Model Applied to Partial-Multiplex Directed Networks,” the spreading of a financial crisis in a partial-multiplex, direct financial network is simulated. Two important factors shape the relationships between the cities: their geographical proximity and their activity proximity. Global firms interact with each other to form complex networks of financial relations of ownership relations between them. Whatever their activities, the networks of companies are mostly concentrated in the main global cities of the world, where they benefit from human, natural, and financial resources, but reversely, firms’ networks contribute to build the global characters of cities. This chapter examines the possible outcome of the spreading of a catastrophic event, such as an epidemic, by applying an SIR process to this network.

scholarly journals Order and disorder: abnormal 3D chromatin organization in human disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Anania ◽  
Darío G Lupiáñez
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Systemic Effects ◽  
Form Complex ◽  
Order And Disorder ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Causes Of Disease ◽  
Fundamental Forces

Abstract A precise three-dimensional (3D) organization of chromatin is central to achieve the intricate transcriptional patterns that are required to form complex organisms. Growing evidence supports an important role of 3D chromatin architecture in development and delineates its alterations as prominent causes of disease. In this review, we discuss emerging concepts on the fundamental forces shaping genomes in space and on how their disruption can lead to pathogenic phenotypes. We describe the molecular mechanisms underlying a wide range of diseases, from the systemic effects of coding mutations on 3D architectural factors, to the more tissue-specific phenotypes resulting from genetic and epigenetic modifications at specific loci. Understanding the connection between the 3D organization of the genome and its underlying biological function will allow a better interpretation of human pathogenesis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document