scholarly journals Ionic liquids as an enabling tool to integrate reaction and separation processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 6527-6544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rocio Villa ◽  
Elena Alvarez ◽  
Raul Porcar ◽  
Eduardo Garcia-Verdugo ◽  
Santiago V. Luis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Membrane Reactors ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Catalytic Systems

This tutorial review highlights representative examples of ionic liquid (IL)-based (bio)catalytic systems integrating reaction and separation, as a tool for the development of sustainable chemical processes (e.g. IL/scCO2 biphasic reactors, membrane reactors, nanodrop systems, microfluidic devices, supported IL phases, sponge-like ILs, etc.).

Acceleration of Baylis-Hillman reaction using ionic liquid supported organocatalyst

2021 ◽  
Vol 08 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Catalyst Recycling ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalytic ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Low Catalyst Loading

Background: Baylis-Hillman reaction suffers from the requirement of cheap starting materials, easy reaction protocol, possibility to create the chiral center in the reaction product has increased the synthetic efficacy of this reaction, and high catalyst loading, low reaction rate, and poor yield. Objective: The extensive use of various functional or non-functional ionic liquids (ILs) with organocatalyst increases the reaction rate of various organic transformations as a reaction medium and as a support to anchor the catalysts. Methods: In this manuscript, we have demonstrated the synthesis of quinuclidine-supported trimethylamine-based functionalized ionic liquid as a catalyst for the Baylis-Hillman reaction. Results: We obtained the Baylis-Hillman adducts in good, isolated yield, low catalyst loading, short reaction time, broad substrate scope, accessible product, and catalyst recycling. N-((E,3S,4R)-5-benzylidene-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-2H-pyran-3-yl) palmitamide was also successfully synthesized using CATALYST-3 promoted Baylis-Hillman reaction. Conclusion: We successfully isolated the 25 types of Baylis-Hillman adducts using three different quinuclidine-supported ammonium-based ionic liquids such as Et3AmQ][BF4] (CATALYST-1), [Et3AmQ][PF6] (CATALYST-2), and [TMAAmEQ][NTf2](CATALYST-3) as new and efficient catalysts. Tedious and highly active N-((E,3S,4R)-5-benzylidene-tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-6-oxo-2H-pyran-3-yl) palmitamide derivative was also synthesized using CATALYST-3 followed by Baylis-Hillman reaction. Generally, all the responses demonstrated higher activity and yielded high competition with various previously reported homogenous and heterogeneous Catalytic systems. Easy catalyst and product recovery followed by six catalysts recycling were the added advantages of the prosed catalytic system.

scholarly journals Optimization of transition metal nanoparticle-phosphonium ionic liquid composite catalytic systems for deep hydrogenation and hydrodeoxygenation reactions

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1597-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinandan Banerjee ◽  
Robert W. J. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Metal Nanoparticle ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Phosphonium Ionic Liquid

Stable metal nanoparticles in tetraalkylphosphonium ionic liquids can catalyze hydrogenations, as well as phenol hydrodeoxygenation, owing to presence of adventitious borates.

scholarly journals On the Selective Transport of Nutrients through Polymer Inclusion Membranes Based on Ionic Liquids

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Baicha ◽  
M.J. Salar-García ◽  
V.M. Ortiz-Martínez ◽  
F.J. Hernández-Fernández ◽  
A.P. de los Ríos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Application Range ◽  
Sodium Hydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Selective Transport ◽  
Mapping Analysis ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Diffusion Solution

In the last few years, the use of ionic liquid-based membranes has gained importance in a wide variety of separation processes due to the unique properties of ionic liquids. The aim of this work is to analyze the transport of nutrients through polymer inclusion membranes based on different concentrations of methyltrioctylammonium chloride, in order to broaden the application range of these kinds of membranes. Calcium chloride (CaCl2) and sodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4) nutrients were used at the concentration of 1 g·L−1 in the feeding phase. The evolution of the concentration in the receiving phase over time (168 h) was monitored and the experimental data fitted to a diffusion-solution transport model. The results show very low permeation values for CaCl2. By contrast, in the case of Na2HPO4 the permeation values were higher and increase as the amount of ionic liquid in the membrane also increases. The surface of the membranes was characterized before and after being used in the separation process by scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX) and elemental mapping analysis. The SEM–EDX images show that the polymer inclusion membranes studied are stable to aqueous solution contacting phases and therefore, they might be used for the selective transport of nutrients in separation processes.

Sponge-like ionic liquids: a new platform for green biocatalytic chemical processes

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 3706-3717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Lozano ◽  
Juana M. Bernal ◽  
Eduardo Garcia-Verdugo ◽  
Gregorio Sanchez-Gomez ◽  
Michel Vaultier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Pure Liquid ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Alkyl Side Chains ◽  
Solid Phases

Hydrophobic ILs based on cations with long alkyl side-chains are switchable ionic liquid/solid phases with temperature that behave as sponge-like systems (Sponge-Like Ionic Liquids, SLILs), being applied for producing pure liquid compounds (e.g. biodiesel, etc).

scholarly journals Ionic Liquids and Water: Hydrophobicity vs. Hydrophilicity

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 7159
Author(s):  
Rita F. Rodrigues ◽  
Adilson A. Freitas ◽  
José N. Canongia Lopes ◽  
Karina Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Liquid Solution ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Processes And Reactions ◽  
High Hydrogen ◽  
Ionic Liquid Solution ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

Many chemical processes rely extensively on organic solvents posing safety and environmental concerns. For a successful transfer of some of those chemical processes and reactions to aqueous media, agents acting as solubilizers, or phase-modifiers, are of central importance. In the present work, the structure of aqueous solutions of several ionic liquid systems capable of forming multiple solubilizing environments were modeled by molecular dynamics simulations. The effect of small aliphatic chains on solutions of hydrophobic 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethyl)sulfonylimide ionic liquids (with alkyl = propyl [C3C1im][NTf2], butyl [C4C1im][NTf2] and isobutyl [iC4C1im][NTf2]) are covered first. Next, we focus on the interactions of sulphonate- and carboxylate-based anions with different hydrogenated and perfluorinated alkyl side chains in solutions of [C2C1im][CnF2n+1SO3], [C2C1im][CnH2n+1SO3], [C2C1im][CF3CO2] and [C2C1im][CH3CO2] (n = 1, 4, 8). The last system considered is an ionic liquid completely miscible with water that combines the cation N-methyl-N,N,N-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium [N1 2OH 2OH 2OH]+, with high hydrogen-bonding capability, and the hydrophobic anion [NTf2]–. The interplay between short- and long-range interactions, clustering of alkyl and perfluoroalkyl tails, and hydrogen bonding enables a wealth of possibilities in tailoring an ionic liquid solution according to the needs.

scholarly journals A Review on Ionic Liquid Gas Separation Membranes

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Karel Friess ◽  
Pavel Izák ◽  
Magda Kárászová ◽  
Mariia Pasichnyk ◽  
Marek Lanč ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Gas Separation ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Mixed Matrix Membranes ◽  
Liquid Membranes ◽  
Mixed Gas ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Ion Gels

Ionic liquids have attracted the attention of the industry and research community as versatile solvents with unique properties, such as ionic conductivity, low volatility, high solubility of gases and vapors, thermal stability, and the possibility to combine anions and cations to yield an almost endless list of different structures. These features open perspectives for numerous applications, such as the reaction medium for chemical synthesis, electrolytes for batteries, solvent for gas sorption processes, and also membranes for gas separation. In the search for better-performing membrane materials and membranes for gas and vapor separation, ionic liquids have been investigated extensively in the last decade and a half. This review gives a complete overview of the main developments in the field of ionic liquid membranes since their first introduction. It covers all different materials, membrane types, their preparation, pure and mixed gas transport properties, and examples of potential gas separation applications. Special systems will also be discussed, including facilitated transport membranes and mixed matrix membranes. The main strengths and weaknesses of the different membrane types will be discussed, subdividing them into supported ionic liquid membranes (SILMs), poly(ionic liquids) or polymerized ionic liquids (PILs), polymer/ionic liquid blends (physically or chemically cross-linked ‘ion-gels’), and PIL/IL blends. Since membrane processes are advancing as an energy-efficient alternative to traditional separation processes, having shown promising results for complex new separation challenges like carbon capture as well, they may be the key to developing a more sustainable future society. In this light, this review presents the state-of-the-art of ionic liquid membranes, to analyze their potential in the gas separation processes of the future.

scholarly journals The alkylation of oil fractions rich in aromatic hydrocarbons with C6, C8 and C10 α - olefins in the presence of ionic liquids catalytic systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Aliyeva ◽  
Y. M. Babashova ◽  
M. J. Khamiyev ◽  
Sh. R. Bagirova ◽  
H. R. Azizbeyli
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Catalytic System ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Petroleum Fractions ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography ◽  
Alkylation Reactions ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe article is dedicated to the development of processes for (oligo)alkylation of petroleum fractions rich in aromatic hydrocarbons, with α-olefins (hexene-1, octene-1, decene-1) in the presence of ionic-liquid catalytic systems and the study of the properties of the products obtained. Alkylation reactions were carried out in the presence of chloroaluminate ionic liquids; for the first time a (nano)metal-polymer composite (NMPC) was used in the catalytic system as a modifier, and zinc chloride (ZnCl2) was used in the catalytic system as a component and the results were compared. It has been shown that these ionic liquid catalytic systems (ILCS) are suitable for (oligo)alkylation reactions and the use of these additives in their composition will lead to efficient alkylation. The products obtained were analyzed by IR-, NMR- spectroscopy, fluorescent indicator adsorption methods, and size exclusion chromatography. It was shown that these petroleum fractions rich in aromatic hydrocarbons can be used as alkylation components, and depending on the composition of the ILCS, it is possible to regulate the molecular, thermophysical and other characteristics of the products obtained based on them. The alkylated products obtained have been tested as plasticizing additives in polyolefin composites.

Mapping the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of Ionic Liquids for Monomers, Polymers and Globular Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose A. Pomposo
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Linear Polymers ◽  
Green Solvents ◽  
Ionic Polymers ◽  
First Time ◽  
Solvent Power

Understanding the miscibility behavior of ionic liquid (IL) / monomer, IL / polymer and IL / nanoparticle mixtures is critical for the use of ILs as green solvents in polymerization processes, and to rationalize recent observations concerning the superior solubility of some proteins in ILs when compared to standard solvents. In this work, the most relevant results obtained in terms of a three-component Flory-Huggins theory concerning the “Extra Solvent Power, ESP” of ILs when compared to traditional non-ionic solvents for monomeric solutes (case I), linear polymers (case II) and globular nanoparticles (case III) are presented. Moreover, useful ESP maps are drawn for the first time for IL mixtures corresponding to case I, II and III. Finally, a potential pathway to improve the miscibility of non-ionic polymers in ILs is also proposed.

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