Osteogenic potential of Zn2+-passivated carbon dots for bone regeneration in vivo

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 5414-5423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Wang ◽  
Mingxi Yang ◽  
Lijun Liu ◽  
Guangxing Yan ◽  
Hongjing Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Fluorescence Properties ◽  
Osteogenic Potential

Zn-CDs showed good osteogenic capability, biocompatibility and fluorescence properties for bone regeneration.

scholarly journals Osteogenic Potential of Multipotent Adult Progenitor Cells for Calvaria Bone Regeneration

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Dong Joon Lee ◽  
Yonsil Park ◽  
Wei-Shou Hu ◽  
Ching-Chang Ko
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Adult Stem Cells ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Type I ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Multipotent Adult Progenitor Cells

Osteogenic cells derived from rat multipotent adult progenitor cells (rMAPCs) were investigated for their potential use in bone regeneration. rMAPCs are adult stem cells derived from bone marrow that have a high proliferation capacity and the differentiation potential to multiple lineages. They may also offer immunomodulatory properties favorable for applications for regenerative medicine. rMAPCs were cultivated as single cells or as 3D aggregates in osteogenic media for up to 38 days, and their differentiation to bone lineage was then assessed by immunostaining of osteocalcin and collagen type I and by mineralization assays. The capability of rMAPCs in facilitating bone regeneration was evaluatedin vivoby the direct implantation of multipotent adult progenitor cell (MAPC) aggregates in rat calvarial defects. Bone regeneration was examined radiographically, histologically, and histomorphometrically. Results showed that rMAPCs successfully differentiated into osteogenic lineage by demonstrating mineralized extracellular matrix formationin vitroand induced new bone formation by the effect of rMAPC aggregatesin vivo. These outcomes confirm that rMAPCs have a good osteogenic potential and provide insights into rMAPCs as a novel adult stem cell source for bone regeneration.

scholarly journals Increased BMSC Exosomal miR-140-3p Alleviates Bone Degradation and Promotes Bone Restoration by Targeting Plxnb1 in Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Wang ◽  
Xuanchen Liu ◽  
Zhen Tang ◽  
Xinghui Wei ◽  
Hui Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Defect ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Bone Degradation ◽  
Defect Repair

Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered to be an important factor for bone degeneration disorders such as bone defect nonunion, which is characterized by physical disability and tremendous economy cost to families and society. Exosomal miRNAs of BMSCs have been reported to participate in osteoblastogenesis and modulating bone formation. However, their impacts on the development of bone degeneration in DM are not yet known. The role of miRNAs in BMSCs exosomes on regulating hyperglycemia bone degeneration was investigated in the present study. Results: The osteogenic potential in bone defect repair of exosomes derived from diabetes mellitus BMSCs derived exosomes (DM-Exos) were revealed to be lower than that in normal BMSCs derived exosomes (N-Exos) in vitro and in vivo. Here, we demonstrate that miR-140-3p level was significantly altered in exosomes derived from BMSCs, ADSCs and serum from DM rats. In in vitro experiments, upregulated miR-140-3p exosomes promoted DM BMSCs differentiation into osteoblasts. The effects were exerted by miR-140-3p targeting plxnb1, plexin B1 is the receptor of semaphoring 4D(Sema4D) that inhibited osteocytes differentiation, thereby promoting bone formation. In DM rats with bone defect, miR-140-3p upregulated exosomes were transplanted into injured bone and accelerated bone regeneration. Besides, miR-140-3p in the exosomes was transferred into BMSCs and osteoblasts and promoted bone regeneration by targeting the plexin B1/RohA/ROCK signaling pathway. Conclusions: Normal-Exos and miR-140-3p overexpressed-Exos accelerated diabetic wound healing by promoting the osteoblastogenesis function of BMSCs through inhibition plexin B1 expression which is the receptor of Sema4D and the plexin B1/RhoA/ROCK pathway compared with diabetes mellitus-Exos. This offers a new insight and a new therapy for treating diabetic bone unhealing.

scholarly journals Biologization of Pcl-Mesh Using Platelet Rich Fibrin (Prf) Enhances Its Regenerative Potential In Vitro

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 2159
Author(s):  
Sarah Al-Maawi ◽  
Eva Dohle ◽  
Jing Lim ◽  
Paul Weigl ◽  
Swee Hin Teoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Immunofluorescence Staining ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Platelet Rich Fibrin

Introduction: Resorbable synthetic scaffolds are promising for different indications, especially in the context of bone regeneration. However, they require additional biological components to enhance their osteogenic potential. In addition to different cell types, autologous blood-derived matrices offer many advantages to enhance the regenerative capacity of biomaterials. The present study aimed to analyze whether biologization of a PCL-mesh coated using differently centrifuged Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) matrices will have a positive influence on primary human osteoblasts activity in vitro. A polymeric resorbable scaffold (Osteomesh, OsteoporeTM (OP), Singapore) was combined with differently centrifuged PRF matrices to evaluate the additional influence of this biologization concept on bone regeneration in vitro. Peripheral blood of three healthy donors was used to gain PRF matrices centrifuged either at High (710× g, 8 min) or Low (44× g, 8 min) relative centrifugal force (RCF) according to the low speed centrifugation concept (LSCC). OP-PRF constructs were cultured with pOBs. POBs cultured on the uncoated OP served as a control. After three and seven days of cultivation, cell culture supernatants were collected to analyze the pOBs activity by determining the concentrations of VEGF, TGF-β1, PDGF, OPG, IL-8, and ALP- activity. Immunofluorescence staining was used to evaluate the Osteopontin expression of pOBs. After three days, the group of OP+PRFLow+pOBs showed significantly higher expression of IL-8, TGF-ß1, PDGF, and VEGF compared to the group of OP+PRFHigh+pOBs and OP+pOBs. Similar results were observed on day 7. Moreover, OP+PRFLow+pOBs exhibited significantly higher activity of ALP compared to OP+PRFHigh+pOBs and OP+pOBs. Immunofluorescence staining showed a higher number of pOBs adherent to OP+PRFLow+pOBs compared to the groups OP+PRFHigh+pOBs and OP+pOBs. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the osteoblasts activity when cultured on a PRF-coated PCL-mesh in vitro. The presented results suggest that PRFLow centrifuged according to LSCC exhibits autologous blood cells and growth factors, seem to have a significant effect on osteogenesis. Thereby, the combination of OP with PRFLow showed promising results to support bone regeneration. Further in vivo studies are required to verify the results and carry out potential results for clinical translation.

A biodegradable gelatin-based nanostructured sponge with space maintenance to enhance long-term osteogenesis in maxillary sinus augmentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 681-695
Author(s):  
Yiqian Ying ◽  
Beibei Li ◽  
Changying Liu ◽  
Zuochun Xiong ◽  
Wei Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Bone Area ◽  
Sinus Augmentation ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Blood Clots ◽  
Space Maintenance

The search for bone substitutes that are biodegradable, ensure space maintenance, and have osteogenic predictability, is ongoing in the field of sinus augmentation. We thus compared the bone regeneration potential of nanostructured sponges (NS-Sponge) with that of collagen-stabilized inorganic bovine bones (BO-Collagen), gelatin sponges (Gelatin), and blood clots (Cont) in sinus augmentation of rabbits. NS-Sponge was prepared by thermally induced phase separation with porogen leaching techniques. All the materials were non-hemolytic and cytocompatible. The porous and nanofibrous NS-Sponge showed better dimensional stability to support cell growth and osteogenic differentiation. In vivo, the sinus membrane collapsed in Cont and Gelatin, while BO-Collagen and NS-Sponge maintained the elevated height as assessed by come-beam computed tomography. Limited bone regeneration was observed in Cont and Gelatin. In the entire implanted area, histological analysis revealed a higher percentage of new bone area at 4 weeks of BO-Collagen treatment; however, a significantly greater increase in new bone area was observed after 12 weeks of NS-Sponge treatment. The 12-week remnant NS-Sponge material was significantly lower than the 4-week remnant material. Overall, NS-Sponge may be highly recommended for sinus augmentation, as it exhibits numerous advantages, including excellent operability, clear imaging characteristics, space maintenance, biodegradability, and superior osteogenic potential.

scholarly journals Comparing bone tissue engineering efficacy of HDPSCs, HBMSCs on 3D biomimetic ABM-P-15 scaffolds in vitro and in vivo

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 715-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yamuna Mohanram ◽  
Jingying Zhang ◽  
Eleftherios Tsiridis ◽  
Xuebin B. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Proliferation Rate ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
In Vivo Model

Abstract Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMSCs) has been the gold standard for bone regeneration. However, the low proliferation rate and long doubling time limited its clinical applications. This study aims to compare the bone tissue engineering efficacy of human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) with HBMSCs in 2D, and 3D anorganic bone mineral (ABM) coated with a biomimetic collagen peptide (ABM-P-15) for improving bone-forming speed and efficacy in vitro and in vivo. The multipotential of both HDPSCs and HBMSCs have been compared in vitro. The bone formation of HDPSCs on ABM-P-15 was tested using in vivo model. The osteogenic potential of the cells was confirmed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and immunohistological staining for osteogenic markers. Enhanced ALP, collagen, lipid droplet, or glycosaminoglycans production were visible in HDPSCs and HBMSCs after osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic induction. HDPSC showed stronger ALP staining compared to HBMSCs. Confocal images showed more viable HDPSCs on both ABM-P-15 and ABM scaffolds compared to HBMSCs on similar scaffolds. ABM-P-15 enhanced cell attachment/spreading/bridging formation on ABM-P-15 scaffolds and significantly increased quantitative ALP specific activities of the HDPSCs and HBMSCs. After 8 weeks in vivo implantation in diffusion chamber model, the HDPSCs on ABM-P-15 scaffolds showed extensive high organised collagenous matrix formation that was positive for COL-I and OCN compared to ABM alone. In conclusion, the HDPSCs have a higher proliferation rate and better osteogenic capacity, which indicated the potential of combining HDPSCs with ABM-P-15 scaffolds for improving bone regeneration speed and efficacy.

scholarly journals Panax notoginseng Saponin Promotes Bone Regeneration in Distraction Osteogenesis via the TGF-β1 Signaling Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Di Liu ◽  
Zhenchen Zhao ◽  
Weidong Jiang ◽  
Peiqi Zhu ◽  
Xiaoning An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Distraction Osteogenesis ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Smad Pathway ◽  
Tgf Β1

Distraction osteogenesis (DO) is an efficient strategy that is employed for the treatment of large bone defects in craniomaxillofacial surgery. Despite its utility, however, DO is associated with a prolonged consolidation phase and a high complication rate that hinder its more widespread utilization. Panax notoginseng saponin (PNS) is a traditional Chinese medicine that is frequently administered for the treatment of a range of conditions. Herein, we explored the ability of PNS treatment to influence osteogenic differentiation using both rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal cells (BMSCs) and a model of mandibular DO. BMSC proliferation was assessed via CCK-8 assay, while osteogenic differentiation was monitored through ALP and alizarin red S staining. A PCR approach was used to evaluate the expression of genes associated with osteogenesis (ALP, Runx2, and OCN) and genes linked to the TGF pathway (TβR-II, SMAD2, SMAD3, and PPM1A). For in vivo experiments, treated BMSCs were locally injected into the DO gap, with PNS being injected into treated rabbits every other day throughout the experimental period. The quality of the regenerative process was assessed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray imaging, and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. These analyses revealed that PNS was able to promote BMSC osteogenesis and mandibular generation, driving the upregulation of osteogenesis-related genes at the mRNA levels through the modulation of the TGF-β1/Smad pathway. Consistently, the overexpression or silencing of TβR-II in PNS-treated BMSCs was sufficient to modulate their osteogenic potential. Analyses of in vivo mandibular DO outcomes revealed significantly augmented new bone growth in the PNS-treated group relative to control animals, with maximal osteogenesis in the group overexpressing rabbit TβR-II. Together, these results highlight the PNS as a promising and cost-effective therapeutic tool with the potential to enhance bone regeneration in clinical contexts through the modulation of the TGF-β1/Smad pathway.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Surface Heat Sintered Nanohydroxyapatite and Nanowhitlockite Embedded Poly (Lactic-co-glycolic Acid) Microsphere Bone Graft Scaffolds: In Vitro and in Vivo Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gils Jose ◽  
K.T. Shalumon ◽  
Han-Tsung Liao ◽  
Chang-Yi Kuo ◽  
Jyh-Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Physico Chemical

In the context of using bone graft materials to restore and improve the function of damaged bone tissues, macroporous biodegradable composite bone graft scaffolds have osteoinductive properties that allow them to provide a suitable environment for bone regeneration. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) and whitlockite (WLKT) are the two major components of hard tissues such as bone and teeth. Because of their biocompatibility and osteoinductivity, we synthesized HAP (nHAP) and WLKT nanoparticles (nWLKT) by using the chemical precipitation method. The nanoparticles were separately incorporated within poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres. Following this, the composite microspheres were converted to macroporous bone grafts with sufficient mechanical strength in pin or screw shape through surface sintering. We characterized physico-chemical and mechanical properties of the nanoparticles and composites. The biocompatibility of the grafts was further tested through in vitro cell adhesion and proliferation studies using rabbit bone marrow stem cells. The ability to promote osteogenic differentiation was tested through alkaline phosphate activity and immunofluorescence staining of bone marker proteins. For in vivo study, the bone pins were implanted in tibia bone defects in rabbits to compare the bone regeneration ability though H&E, Masson’s trichrome and immunohistochemical staining. The results revealed similar physico-chemical characteristics and cellular response of PLGA/nHAP and PLGA/nWLKT scaffolds but the latter is associated with higher osteogenic potential towards BMSCs, pointing out the possibility to use this ceramic nanoparticle to prepare a sintered composite microsphere scaffold for potential bone grafts and tissue engineered implants.

scholarly journals Osteogenic Potential of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Preclinical Studies: A Systematic Review Using Modified ARRIVE and CONSORT Guidelines

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murali Ramamoorthi ◽  
Mohammed Bakkar ◽  
Jack Jordan ◽  
Simon D. Tran
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Dental Stem Cells ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Animal Trials

Background and Objective. Dental stem cell-based tissue engineered constructs are emerging as a promising alternative to autologous bone transfer for treating bone defects. The purpose of this review is to systematically assess the preclinical in vivo and in vitro studies which have evaluated the efficacy of dental stem cells on bone regeneration.Methods. A literature search was conducted in Ovid Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science up to October 2014. Implantation of dental stem cells in animal models for evaluating bone regeneration and/or in vitro studies demonstrating osteogenic potential of dental stem cells were included. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used to ensure the quality of the search. Modified ARRIVE (Animal research: reporting in invivo experiments) and CONSORT (Consolidated reporting of trials) were used to critically analyze the selected studies.Results. From 1914 citations, 207 full-text articles were screened and 137 studies were included in this review. Because of the heterogeneity observed in the studies selected, meta-analysis was not possible.Conclusion. Both in vivo and in vitro studies indicate the potential use of dental stem cells in bone regeneration. However well-designed randomized animal trials are needed before moving into clinical trials.

Decellularized bone extracellular matrix in skeletal tissue engineering

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 755-764
Author(s):  
Benjamin B. Rothrauff ◽  
Rocky S. Tuan
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Tumor Resection ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Skeletal Tissue ◽  
Large Bone

Bone possesses an intrinsic regenerative capacity, which can be compromised by aging, disease, trauma, and iatrogenesis (e.g. tumor resection, pharmacological). At present, autografts and allografts are the principal biological treatments available to replace large bone segments, but both entail several limitations that reduce wider use and consistent success. The use of decellularized extracellular matrices (ECM), often derived from xenogeneic sources, has been shown to favorably influence the immune response to injury and promote site-appropriate tissue regeneration. Decellularized bone ECM (dbECM), utilized in several forms — whole organ, particles, hydrogels — has shown promise in both in vitro and in vivo animal studies to promote osteogenic differentiation of stem/progenitor cells and enhance bone regeneration. However, dbECM has yet to be investigated in clinical studies, which are needed to determine the relative efficacy of this emerging biomaterial as compared with established treatments. This mini-review highlights the recent exploration of dbECM as a biomaterial for skeletal tissue engineering and considers modifications on its future use to more consistently promote bone regeneration.

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