scholarly journals A DNA-modified hydrogel for simultaneous purification, concentration and detection of targeted cfDNA in human serum

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 3407-3415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinglu Jiang ◽  
Chenggui Zhao ◽  
Xiaobo Fan ◽  
Wei Xu ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Polyacrylamide Hydrogel ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Modified Polyacrylamide

A cost-effective device based on DNA-modified polyacrylamide hydrogel was designed to simultaneously catch, purify, concentrate, and detect targeted cfDNA by electrophoresis at low concentrations with high specificity and selectivity.

scholarly journals Optimization of Apta-Sensing Platform for Detection of Prostate Cancer Marker PCA3

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12701
Author(s):  
Sarra Takita ◽  
Alexei Nabok ◽  
Anna Lishchuk ◽  
David Smith
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Total Internal Reflection ◽  
Covalent Binding ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Affinity Constant ◽  
Cyclic Voltammograms ◽  
Sensing Platform ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Rna Transcript

This work is a continuation of our research into the development of simple, reliable, and cost-effective methods for the early diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). The proposed method is based on the electrochemical detection of the PCA3 biomarker of PCa (long non-coded RNA transcript expressed in urine) using a specific aptamer labeled with a redox group (methylene blue). The electrochemical measurements (cyclic voltammograms) obtained from electrodes functionalized with the aptamer were complemented in this work by another biosensing technique: total internal reflection ellipsometry (TIRE). In addition to proving the concept of the detection of PCA3 in low concentrations down to 90 pM, this study improved our understanding of the processes by which PCA3 binds to its specific aptamer. The high specificity of the binding of PCA3 to the aptamer was assessed by studying the binding kinetics, which yielded an affinity constant (KD) of 2.58 × 10−9 M. Additional XPS measurements confirmed the strong covalent binding of aptamers to gold and showed spectral features associated with PCA3 to aptamer binding.

scholarly journals An Exonuclease I-Aided Turn-Off Fluorescent Strategy for Alkaline Phosphatase Assay Based on Terminal Protection and Copper Nanoparticles

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Ying Yan ◽  
Xinfa Liu ◽  
Changbei Ma
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fast Method ◽  
Exonuclease I ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Assay ◽  
Phosphatase Assay ◽  
Phosphatase Alkaline

As an important DNA 3′-phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase can repair damaged DNA caused by replication and recombination. It is essential to measure the level of alkaline phosphatase to indicate some potential diseases, such as cancer, related to alkaline phosphatase. Here, we designed a simple and fast method to detect alkaline phosphatase quantitively. When alkaline phosphatase is present, the resulting poly T-DNA with a 3′-hydroxyl end was cleaved by exonuclease I, prohibiting the formation of fluorescent copper nanoparticles. However, the fluorescent copper nanoparticles can be monitored with the absence of alkaline phosphatase. Hence, we can detect alkaline phosphatase with this turn-off strategy. The proposed method is able to quantify the concentration of alkaline phosphatase with the LOD of 0.0098 U/L. Furthermore, we utilized this method to measure the effects of inhibitor Na3VO4 on alkaline phosphatase. In addition, it was successfully applied to quantify the level of alkaline phosphatase in human serum. The proposed strategy is sensitive, selective, cost effective, and timesaving, having a great potential to detect alkaline phosphatase quantitatively in clinical diagnosis.

Development of a donor-specific, automated, and cost-effective cytotoxicity assay for human serum on primary porcine cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 867-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Laaf ◽  
S Schuster ◽  
U Martin ◽  
G Steinhoff ◽  
A Haverich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assay

scholarly journals Separation of antigens by immunological specificity. Use of cellulose-linked antibodies as immunosorbents

1966 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
RGC Gallop ◽  
BT Tozer ◽  
J Stephen ◽  
H Smith
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Gamma Globulin ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Immunological Specificity

1. Immunosorbents were prepared by coupling activated aminocellulose with the gamma-globulin concentrates of antisera prepared against ovalbumin and human serum albumin. 2. The immunosorbents were low in solubility, but high in capacity for homologous antigens. 3. The high specificity of these immunosorbents was demonstrated by their use in fractionating various mixtures of fluorescent ovalbumin, (131)I-labelled human serum albumin, lysozyme and ribonuclease.

scholarly journals Respiratory Tularemia: Francisella Tularensis and Microarray Probe Designing

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Ranjbar ◽  
Payam Behzadi ◽  
Caterina Mammina
Keyword(s):  
Dna Microarray ◽  
Francisella Tularensis ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Microarray Technology ◽  
Microarray Probe ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Oligo Microarray

Background:Francisella tularensis(F. tularensis) is the etiological microorganism for tularemia. There are different forms of tularemia such as respiratory tularemia. Respiratory tularemia is the most severe form of tularemia with a high rate of mortality; if not treated. Therefore, traditional microbiological tools and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) are not useful for a rapid, reliable, accurate, sensitive and specific diagnosis. But, DNA microarray technology does. DNA microarray technology needs to appropriate microarray probe designing.Objective:The main goal of this original article was to design suitable long oligo microarray probes for detection and identification ofF. tularensis.Method:For performing this research, the complete genomes ofF. tularensissubsp.tularensisFSC198,F. tularensissubsp.holarcticaLVS,F. tularensissubsp.mediasiatica,F. tularensissubsp.novicida(F. novicidaU112), andF. philomiragiasubsp.philomiragiaATCC 25017 were studiedviaNCBI BLAST tool, GView and PanSeq Servers and finally the microarray probes were produced and processedviaAlleleID 7.7 software and Oligoanalyzer tool, respectively.Results:In thisin silicoinvestigation, a number of long oligo microarray probes were designed for detecting and identifyingF. tularensis. Among these probes, 15 probes were recognized as the best candidates for microarray chip designing.Conclusion:Calibrated microarray probes reduce the biasis of DNA microarray technology as an advanced, rapid, accurate and cost-effective molecular diagnostic tool with high specificity and sensitivity. Professional microarray probe designing provides us with much more facility and flexibility regarding preparation of a microarray diagnostic chip.

scholarly journals Syndromic versus Laboratory Diagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Men in Moshi District of Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yuwei Cheng ◽  
Elijah Paintsil ◽  
Musie Ghebremichael
Keyword(s):  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
Laboratory Testing ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Receiver Operating Curve ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Syndromic Diagnosis ◽  
Low Sensitivity

The syndromic diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is widely recognized as the most practical, feasible, and cost-effective diagnostic tool in resource-limited settings. This study assessed the diagnostic accuracy of syndromic versus laboratory testing of STIs among 794 men randomly selected from the Moshi district of Tanzania. Participants were interviewed with a questionnaire that included questions on history of STIs symptoms. Blood and urine samples were taken from the participants for laboratory testing. Only 7.9% of the men reported any symptoms of STI; however, 46% of them tested positive for at least one STI. There was little agreement between syndromic and laboratory-confirmed diagnoses, with low sensitivity (0.4%–7.4%) and high specificity (96%–100%) observed for each individual symptom. The area under the receiver-operating curve was 0.528 (95% CI: 0.505–0.550), indicating that the syndromic approach has a 52.8% probability of correctly identifying STIs in study participants. In conclusion, whenever possible, laboratory diagnosis of STI should be favored over syndromic diagnosis.

scholarly journals Development of a Dot-Immunoenzyme Filtration Assay for the Detection of Enterovirus 71 Antigen in Human Serum via Immunoglobulin M

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 1122-1129
Author(s):  
A Zhang ◽  
M Zhang ◽  
H Zhang ◽  
H Li ◽  
Q Liu
Keyword(s):  
Human Serum ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Enterovirus 71 ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Effective Screening

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of a rapid, sensitive dot-immunoenzyme filtration assay to detect enterovirus 71 (EV71) antigen in serum samples from paediatric patients with hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), through detection of anti-EV71 immunoglobulin (Ig)M. METHODS: Serum samples from HFMD patients and healthy adult controls were evaluated for the presence of anti-EV71 IgM using a dot-immunoenzyme filtration assay (DIEFA). The results were compared with those obtained using a dot-immunogold filtration assay (DIGFA). The EV71 structural protein VP1 was used as the antigen for both assays. RESULTS: Serum samples from 72 HFMD patients and 54 healthy controls were evaluated. The DIGFA procedure showed a sensitivity of 98.5% and a specificity of 100%, whereas the DIEFA procedure showed a sensitivity of 98.6% and a specificity of 98.0%. There were no significant differences between the assays in either specificity or sensitivity. CONCLUSION: The DIEFA procedure developed in this study has potential as a rapid, simple, sensitive and cost-effective screening technique for detecting EV71 antigen in serum samples from patients with HFMD.

scholarly journals The Use of Biomarkers in Early Diagnostics of Pancreatic Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lumir Kunovsky ◽  
Pavla Tesarikova ◽  
Zdenek Kala ◽  
Radek Kroupa ◽  
Petr Kysela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Surgery ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Solid Malignancies ◽  
Late Detection ◽  
Resistance To Chemotherapy

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal solid malignancies with increasing incidence. The poor prognosis is due to the aggressive nature of the tumor, late detection, and the resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. A radical surgery procedure is the only treatment that has been shown to improve the 5-year survival rate to 20-25%. However, the majority of patients (80-85%) are diagnosed with locally advanced or metastatic disease and just 15-20% patients are diagnosed in an early stage allowing them to undergo the potentially curative surgical resection. The early detection of PDAC without the use of invasive methods is challenging and discovery of a cost-effective biomarker with high specificity and sensitivity could significantly improve the treatment and survival in these patients. In this review, we summarize current and newly examined biomarkers in early PDAC detection.

Development, validation, and application of a single-tube radioimmunoassay for cholic and chenodeoxycholic conjugated bile acids in human serum.

1977 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2107-2113 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Roda ◽  
E Roda ◽  
R Aldini ◽  
D Festi ◽  
G Mazzella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Chenodeoxycholic Acid ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Single Tube ◽  
Glycocholic Acid ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Conjugated Bile Acids

Abstract A single-tube radioimmunoassay for both cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid conjugates in serum is based on the use of [1-(14)C]glycocholic acid and [H-3H]glycochenodeoxycholic acid as tracers. The assay was shown to be specific, sensitive, accurate, and precise (CV = 13% at low concentrations, 5.5% at higher concentrations) when used for serum samples from subjects and patients with increased bile acid in the serum because of liver disease, and results correlate well with those by gas chromatography (r = .99).

scholarly journals Screen-Printed Sensor Based on Potentiometric Transduction for Free Bilirubin Detection as a Biomarker for Hyperbilirubinemia Diagnosis

Chemosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayman H. Kamel ◽  
Abd El-Galil E. Amr ◽  
Hoda R. Galal ◽  
Mohamed A. Al-Omar ◽  
Abdulrahman A. Almehizia
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Ion Association ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pvc Membrane ◽  
Phosphate Solution ◽  
High Potential Stability ◽  
Potential Stability ◽  
Screen Printed

Novel reliable and cost-effective potentiometric screen-printed sensors for free bilirubin (BR) detection were presented. The sensors were fabricated using ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) as an ion-to-electron transducer. The ion-association complex [Ni(bphen)3]2+[BR]2− was utilized as a sensory recognition material in the plasticized Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) membrane. The membrane was drop-casted on the OMC layer, which is attached on a carbon conductor (2-mm diameter). In a 50 mM phosphate solution of pH 8.5, the electrodes offered a Nernstian slope of −26.8 ± 1.1 (r2 = 0.9997) mV/decade with a range of linearity 1.0 × 10−6–1 × 10−2 M towards free bilirubin with a detection limit 8.8 × 10−7 M (0.52 µg/mL). The presented sensors offered good features in terms of reliability, ease of design, high potential stability, high specificity and good accuracy and precision. Chronopotentiometric and electrochemical impedance spectrometric measurements were used for short-term potential stability and interfacial capacitance calculations. The sensors were used for the determination of free bilirubin in biological fluids. The data obtained are fairly well consistent with those obtained by the reference spectophotometric method. Based on the interaction of free BR with albumin (1:1), the sensors were also utilized for the assessment of albumin in human serum.

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