Encapsulation of inuloxin A, a plant germacrane sesquiterpene with potential herbicidal activity, in β-cyclodextrins

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 2508-2515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Moeini ◽  
Marco Masi ◽  
Maria C. Zonno ◽  
Angela Boari ◽  
Alessio Cimmino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Natural Herbicide

A potential natural herbicide inuloxin A was successfully encapsulated in β-cyclodextrins, increasing its water solubility and preserving its biological properties for practical applications.

Therapeutic Potential of Citronella Essential Oil: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchi Sharma ◽  
Rekha Rao ◽  
Sunil Kumar ◽  
Sheefali Mahant ◽  
Sarita Khatkar
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Toxic Encephalopathy ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Insect Repellents ◽  
Citronella Oil ◽  
Medicinal Value

Mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria, filariasis, chikunguniya, yellow fever, dengue and Japanese encephalitis are the major cause of remarkable morbidity and mortality in livestock and humans worldwide. Since ancient times, aromatic plants are used for their medicinal value. Essential oils derived from these plants may be used as effective alternatives/adjuvants in pharmaceuticals, biomedical, cosmetic, food, veterinary and agriculture applications. These oils have also gained popularity and interest for prevention and treatment of various disorders. However, several reports on adverse effects including skin eruption, contact artricaria or toxic encephalopathy in children are available for synthetic repellent in the literature. Thus, natural insect repellents like essential oils have been explored recently as an alternative. One such essential oil studied widely, is citronella oil, extracted mainly from Cymbopogon nardus. This essential oil has exhibited good efficacy against mosquitoes. It is a mixture of components including citronellal, citronellol, geraniol as major constituents contributing to various activities (antimicrobial, anthelmintic, antioxidant, anticonvulsant antitrypanosomal and wound healing), besides mosquito repellent action. Citronella essential oil is registered in US EPA (Environmental protection agency) as insect repellent due to its high efficacy, low toxicity and customer satisfaction. However, poor stability in the presence of air and high temperature limits its practical applications. Since specific knowledge on properties and chemical composition of oil is fundamental for its effective application, the present review compiles and discusses biological properties of citronella oil. It also sheds light on various formulations and applications of this essential oil.

scholarly journals Competitive Biological Activities of Chitosan and Its Derivatives: Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anticancer, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suyeon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biomedical Science ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Chitosan Oligosaccharides ◽  
Primary Amino ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Key Functional Groups ◽  
Application Fields

Chitosan is obtained from alkaline deacetylation of chitin, and acetamide groups are transformed into primary amino groups during the deacetylation. The diverse biological activities of chitosan and its derivatives are extensively studied that allows to widening the application fields in various sectors especially in biomedical science. The biological properties of chitosan are strongly depending on the solubility in water and other solvents. Deacetylation degree (DDA) and molecular weight (MW) are the most decisive parameters on the bioactivities since the primary amino groups are the key functional groups of chitosan where permits to interact with other molecules. Higher DDA and lower MW of chitosan and chitosan derivatives demonstrated higher antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer capacities. Therefore, the chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) with a low polymerization degree are receiving a great attention in medical and pharmaceutical applications as they have higher water solubility and lower viscosity than chitosan. In this review articles, the antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory activities of chitosan and its derivatives are highlighted. The influences of physicochemical parameters of chitosan like DDA and MW on bioactivities are also described.

scholarly journals The Role of Cyclodextrins in the Design and Development of Triterpene-Based Therapeutic Agents

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 736
Author(s):  
Alexandra Prodea ◽  
Alexandra Mioc ◽  
Christian Banciu ◽  
Cristina Trandafirescu ◽  
Andreea Milan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Starch Derivatives ◽  
Solubility Enhancers ◽  
Low Solubility

Triterpenic compounds stand as a widely investigated class of natural compounds due to their remarkable therapeutic potential. However, their use is currently being hampered by their low solubility and, subsequently, bioavailability. In order to overcome this drawback and increase the therapeutic use of triterpenes, cyclodextrins have been introduced as water solubility enhancers; cyclodextrins are starch derivatives that possess hydrophobic internal cavities that can incorporate lipophilic molecules and exterior surfaces that can be subjected to various derivatizations in order to improve their biological behavior. This review aims to summarize the most recent achievements in terms of triterpene:cyclodextrin inclusion complexes and bioconjugates, emphasizing their practical applications including the development of new isolation and bioproduction protocols, the elucidation of their underlying mechanism of action, the optimization of triterpenes’ therapeutic effects and the development of new topical formulations.

scholarly journals Enhanced Solubility, Stability, and Herbicidal Activity of the Herbicide Diuron by Complex Formation with β-Cyclodextrin

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Gao ◽  
Jing-Yu Jiang ◽  
Yan-Yan Liu ◽  
Ying Fu ◽  
Li-Xia Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Complex ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Phase Solubility ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Enhanced Solubility ◽  
Phase Solubility Study ◽  
Herbicide Diuron

The herbicide diuron is hardly soluble in water and most organic solvents and is usually made into a wettable powder or mixed with soil when used, which causes environmental risk and a reduction in herbicidal efficacy. In this study, the physicochemical properties were changed by using β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to encapsulate diuron to form an inclusion complex. Some key technologies, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), were used to characterize the inclusion complex. The stoichiometry of the inclusion complex was determined by recording the 1H NMR spectrum or by using a diagram of inclusion ratios. A phase solubility study proved that the formed inclusion complex exhibited higher water solubility. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated that the formed inclusion complex exhibited better thermal stability. Biological activity studies indicated that the herbicidal activity, in terms of herbicide removal, of the formed inclusion complex was higher than that of the original diuron. In general, the formation of the inclusion complex could reduce the environmental damage caused by diuron and enhance its herbicidal activity, providing an environmentally friendly method for using diuron.

scholarly journals Functional Supramolecular of Inclusion Complex of Herbicide Fluroxypyr with HPβCD

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Gao ◽  
Chao Bie ◽  
Yanyan Liu ◽  
Tianyu Zhang ◽  
Ying Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Inclusion Complex ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Saturated Solution ◽  
Phase Solubility ◽  
Bioactivity Assay ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Tga Analysis

In this study, hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) was used to form an inclusion complex with fluroxypyr to enhance water solubility and thermal stability. The inclusion complex was prepared by a saturated solution method and characterized by FT-IR, SEM, TGA, and XRD. All results indicated that fluroxypyr successfully entered the HPβCD cavity. In addition, the study of phase solubility identifies that the water solubility of fluroxypyr was greatly improved after the formation of the inclusion complex, and TGA analysis suggested that the formation of the inclusion complex improved the thermal stability. Bioactivity assay tests showed that the inclusion complex still had strong herbicidal activity. Our research showed that HPβCD was a promising carrier for improving the properties of fluroxypyr and, thus, expanding its use in agrochemical formulations.

scholarly journals Physical and Biological Properties of a High-Plasticity Tricalcium Silicate Cement

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Dias Galarça ◽  
Wellington Luiz de Oliveira Da Rosa ◽  
Tiago Machado Da Silva ◽  
Giana da Silveira Lima ◽  
Neftalí Lenin Villarreal Carreño ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Silicate Matrix ◽  
Time Flow

Introduction. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is a tricalcium-based silicate, dicalcium silicate matrix. Despite its good biologic properties, some clinicians still claim to have difficulties in handling MTA after its preparation due to its sandy consistency. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the physicochemical properties and cytotoxicity of MTA Repair HP (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil) compared with MTA Angelus (Angelus, Londrina, PR, Brazil). Materials and Method. The properties assessed were particle size, setting time, flow, film thickness, radiopacity, water solubility, compressive strength, and cytotoxicity. Statistical analysis was performed considering p < 0.05 as statistically significant. Results. For radiopacity, water absorption and solubility MTA Repair HP were statistically similar to MTA Angelus. The MTA Angelus had statistically different film thickness values, higher than MTA Repair HP (p < 0.05). Besides, MTA Angelus showed a lower and statistically different compressive strength after 28 days than MTA Repair HP (p<0.05). Additionally, MTA Repair HP set more slowly (p < 0.05). Relative to cell viability, MTA Repair HP was statistically similar to MTA Angelus after 24 and 48 h in cell viability. Conclusions. The MTA Repair HP presented similar cell viability, lower film thickness, higher flow, setting time, and compressive strength values after 28 days than MTA Angelus. In general, the MTA Repair HP presented physicochemical and biological properties similar to the MTA Angelus.

Stability and Bioaccessibility of Fucoxanthin in Nanoemulsions Prepared from Pinolenic Acid-contained Structured Lipid

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenghua Huang ◽  
Liqing Xu ◽  
Xuemei Zhu ◽  
Jiangning Hu ◽  
Hailong Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Size ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Structured Lipid ◽  
Pinolenic Acid ◽  
Emulsion Particle

Abstract: Fucoxanthin intake has been correlated with the functions of anti-obesity and anti-oxidation, but applications of it in functional food or dietary supplements are still challenging due to its poor water-solubility, chemical instability, and low bioavailability. In this work, to study physicochemical and biological properties of fucoxanthin nanoemulsions, we investigated the influence of emulsion particle diameter on the stability of fucoxanthin during storage time and bioaccessibility in-vitro digestion. The structured lipid that enriched pinolenic acid at sn-2 position was chosen as the oil phase and the fucoxanthin oil-in-water nanoemulsions with droplet diameters of 344, 173, and 98 nm were prepared through a high-pressure microfluidizer. Then fucoxanthin emulsions were stored for 28 days at 4, 37, and 55 °C. Results showed that the physical stabilities of droplets were decreased with increases in the initial size and storage temperature, while the change of fucoxanthin retention indicated that fucoxanthin chemical stability was improved with increasing emulsion particle size. The augmentation of lipolysis and the value of free fatty acids (FFA) released in vitro digestion proved that digestion stability of fucoxanthin emulsion reduced with decreasing initial particle diameter, which was probably attributed to the increased surface area interacting with pancreatic lipase with decreasing droplet size. In addition, the concentrations of fucoxanthin in micelle phase were appreciable increased as droplet size decreased. Therefore, the bioaccessibility of fucoxanthin was improved. These results may benefit the optimization of an emulsion-based delivery system for fucoxanthin in food applications.

scholarly journals Physical characteristics of extrudates from corn semolina flavored with cocoa shells

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Nesho Toshkov ◽  
Apostol Simitchiev ◽  
Vencislav Nenov
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Absorption Index ◽  
Screw Extruder ◽  
Screw Speed ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Extrusion Processing ◽  
Single Screw Extruder ◽  
Feed Screw ◽  
Full Factorial

Extrusion of corn semolina milled with cocoa shells using a single screw extruder “BRABENDER 20 DN” was carried out. Full factorial experimental 22 was used to investigate the effects of the quantity of cocoa shells and moisture of the material on the water absorption index (WAI) and water solubility index (WSI). Working screw speed and feed screw speed were fixed at 200 and 40 rpm, respectively. Compression ratio of the screw was fixed at 4:1. Temperatures of the first, second and third zone were 150, 155 and 160 °C. Water absorption index values range were between 6.71 and 7.6 g/g and the water solubility index between 25.38 and 35.33 %. The increase in moisture content and quantity of cocoa shells leads to an increase in water absorption index and a decrease in water solubility index. Practical applications: Cocoa shells in an amount of up to 10% can be used in the production of extrudates by mixing with corn semolina. Water absorption index values range between 6.71 and 7.6 g/g and the water solubility index between 25.38 and 35.33 %. The resulting regression models can be used to optimize the process. In general, results show that cocoa shells can be mixed with corn semolina for the production of extrudates, which allows us to recommend extrusion processing of cocoa shells as an alternative technology in utilization processing of raw cocoa materials.

Study of Biological Properties of Thin-Film Materials on the Basis of the SIO2–P2O5–СaO System

2016 ◽  
Vol 683 ◽  
pp. 427-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila P. Borilo ◽  
Ekaterina S. Lyutova ◽  
Larisa N. Spivakova
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Single Crystal Silicon ◽  
Film Coating ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Oxide System ◽  
Crystal Silicon ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
The Moment

Thin films were obtained from film-forming solutions by the sol-gel method on the basis of the SiO2-P2O5-СаO system. Thin films were produced on the single-crystal silicon substrates (model substrate) by extraction at a velocity of 5 mm/s following by heat treatment at a temperature of 60°С for 20 minutes and at a temperature of 600°С for 1 hour. During the experiment it was established that film-forming solutions are usable only for 2 to 7 days from the moment of preparation. Using thermal and infra-red – spectroscopic analysis main stages of oxide system formation were retraced. According to data from x-ray phase analysis phases CaClH2PO4∙H2O, Ca(H2PO4)2∙H2O, CaHPO4∙2H2O, Ca2SiO4∙H2O, Ca5(PO4)3Cl. On the supporter’s surface a homogeneous film coating with quite equally spaced crystal-like formations with the diameter of 10-11 microns at the distance of 1-30 microns was formed. Phase composition, surface properties and biological activity of the synthesized materials were investigated. XRD results indicated that after being immersed into the SBF, hydroxylapatite, wollastonite, and chlorapatite were formed on the samples’ surfaces, which was important for practical applications

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