scholarly journals The anti-soiling performance of highly reflective superhydrophobic nanoparticle-textured mirrors

Nanoscale ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (30) ◽  
pp. 14600-14612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyoung Gug Jang ◽  
D. Barton Smith ◽  
Frederick Alyious List ◽  
Dominc F. Lee ◽  
Anton V. Ievlev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Adhesion Force ◽  
Dust Particles

Highly transparent, superhydrophobic nanoparticle-textured coatings with engineered surface roughness significantly decrease the adhesion force of dust particles on the surface, resulting in soil and dust repellent performance.

scholarly journals Assessing the Functional Properties of TiZr Nanotubular Structures for Biomedical Applications, through Nano-Scratch Tests and Adhesion Force Maps

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 900
Author(s):  
Maria Vardaki ◽  
Aida Pantazi ◽  
Ioana Demetrescu ◽  
Marius Enachescu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Bacterial Adhesion ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Adhesion Force ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Scratch Tests

In this work we present the results of a functional properties assessment via Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)-based surface morphology, surface roughness, nano-scratch tests and adhesion force maps of TiZr-based nanotubular structures. The nanostructures have been electrochemically prepared in a glycerin + 15 vol.% H2O + 0.2 M NH4F electrolyte. The AFM topography images confirmed the successful preparation of the nanotubular coatings. The Root Mean Square (RMS) and average (Ra) roughness parameters increased after anodizing, while the mean adhesion force value decreased. The prepared nanocoatings exhibited a smaller mean scratch hardness value compared to the un-coated TiZr. However, the mean hardness (H) values of the coatings highlight their potential in having reliable mechanical resistances, which along with the significant increase of the surface roughness parameters, which could help in improving the osseointegration, and also with the important decrease of the mean adhesion force, which could lead to a reduction in bacterial adhesion, are providing the nanostructures with a great potential to be used as a better alternative for Ti implants in dentistry.

Capillary Forces Described by Effective Contact Angle Distributions via Simulations of the Centrifuge Technique

MRS Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (31) ◽  
pp. 2237-2245
Author(s):  
Myles Thomas ◽  
Elizabeth Krenek ◽  
Stephen Beaudoin
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Smooth Surface ◽  
Adhesion Force ◽  
Capillary Forces ◽  
Angle Distribution ◽  
Particle Adhesion ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Effective Contact ◽  
Condensed Moisture

ABSTRACTUnderstanding particle adhesion is vital to any industry where particulate systems are involved. There are multiple factors that affect the strength of the adhesion force, including the physical properties of the interacting materials and the system conditions. Surface roughness on the particles and the surfaces to which they adhere, including roughness at the nanoscale, is critically important to the adhesion force. The focus of this work is on the capillary force that dominates the adhesion whenever condensed moisture is present. Theoretical capillary forces were calculated for smooth particles adhered to smooth and rough surfaces. Simulations of the classical centrifuge technique used to describe particle adhesion to surfaces were performed based on these forces. A model was developed to describe the adhesion of the particles to the rough surface in terms of the adhesion to a smooth surface and an ‘effective’ contact angle distribution.

Particle detachment due to wheel rotation

2020 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2093516
Author(s):  
Jinwei Song ◽  
Hua Qian ◽  
Xiaohong Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Adhesion Force ◽  
Aluminium Oxide ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Wheel Speed ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Wheel Surface ◽  
Particle Detachment ◽  
Oxide Particles

Particle detachment induced by a rotating wheel was investigated theoretically and experimentally. The developed theoretical models were used to reveal how the particle detaches from a wheel surface to the surrounding air. The corresponding experiments were carried out to validate proposed models. Two groups of spherical particles were considered, i.e. silicon dioxide and aluminium oxide particles. Different forces and force moments acting on individual particles were analysed. The criteria for the rolling detachment of particles were considered. The detachment diameters under various conditions were calculated. The results show that the particle detachment was dominated by the removal and resistant forces acting on particles, including the gravity force, adhesion force, hydrodynamic force and centrifugal force. Different relevant parameters can affect particle detachment through these forces, including surface roughness, wheel speed, particle size and properties. A higher wheel speed, larger particle sizes and higher wheel surface roughness were shown to have a conducive influence on particle detachment. The resistant and removal force moments could be affected by the particle properties at the same time; therefore, the detachment diameters of the aluminium oxide particles are similar to those of silicon dioxide. This study can contribute towards the estimation of particle emissions from vehicles.

scholarly journals Adhesion force mapping on wood by atomic force microscopy: influence of surface roughness and tip geometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 160248 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Jin ◽  
B. Kasal
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Wood Surface ◽  
Adhesion Force ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Adhesion Forces ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

This study attempts to address the interpretation of atomic force microscopy (AFM) adhesion force measurements conducted on the heterogeneous rough surface of wood and natural fibre materials. The influences of wood surface roughness, tip geometry and wear on the adhesion force distribution are examined by cyclic measurements conducted on wood surface under dry inert conditions. It was found that both the variation of tip and surface roughness of wood can widen the distribution of adhesion forces, which are essential for data interpretation. When a common Si AFM tip with nanometre size is used, the influence of tip wear can be significant. Therefore, control experiments should take the sequence of measurements into consideration, e.g. repeated experiments with used tip. In comparison, colloidal tips provide highly reproducible results. Similar average values but different distributions are shown for the adhesion measured on two major components of wood surface (cell wall and lumen). Evidence supports the hypothesis that the difference of the adhesion force distribution on these two locations was mainly induced by their surface roughness.

Adhesion Properties of Cellulose Films

1999 ◽  
Vol 586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiujuan Zhang ◽  
Raymond. A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Adhesion Force ◽  
Oxygen Plasma Treatment ◽  
Base Interaction ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Oh Groups ◽  
Cellulose Films ◽  
Afm Tips

ABSTRACTThe adhesion properties were evaluated for untreated and modified cellulose (cellophane) films. Several functional groups were introduced on the film surfaces by plasma based treatments. All the films were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). AFM was employed to study the adhesion properties using both standard silicon nitride tips as well as self-assembled monolayer (SAM) modified gold coated tips containing a variety of specific functional groups. The acetone extracted cellulose films, which are rich in –OH groups, were used as substrates. The adhesion force detected with –COOH terminated AFM tips (∼ 34.8 nN) was much larger than that with –CH3 terminated AFM tips (∼16.7 nN), which was attributed to the hydrogen bonding between –COOH and –OH functional groups. The adhesion force of –NH2 terminated AFM tips on the acetone extracted cellulose film was higher at 42.92 nN. However, after surface modification of the cellulose films with argon and oxygen based plasma treatments, the adhesion force were decreased to 17.4 and 19.4 nN respectively as a result of greatly enhanced surface roughness. Hydrazine plasma treatment also was used to introduce –NH2 groups on the film surfaces, and the strongest adhesion behavior was observed with AFM tips terminated with -COOH groups on the aminated film due to acid-base interaction. The argon and oxygen plasma treatment greatly increased the surface roughness, resulting in poor adhesion properties. Both surface roughness and chemical modification of the cellophane films affected the adhesion properties as measured by AFM force curves.

Controlling Adhesion Force by Means of Nanoscale Surface Roughness

Langmuir ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (16) ◽  
pp. 9972-9978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivaprakash N. Ramakrishna ◽  
Lucy Y. Clasohm ◽  
Akshata Rao ◽  
Nicholas D. Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Adhesion Force

Analysis of Corn Dust Particle Properties and How Surface Roughness Influences Adhesion

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1493-1497
Author(s):  
Benjamin M. Plumier ◽  
Yumeng Zhao ◽  
Mark E. Casada ◽  
Ronaldo G. Maghirang ◽  
R. P. Kingsly Ambrose
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
List Type ◽  
Dust Inhalation ◽  
Grain Handling ◽  
Increased Risk

HighlightsFreshly harvested, higher quality corn samples have a higher proportion of small dust particles with a lower circularity and aspect ratio compared to older, lower quality samples.For freshly harvested grain, dust particles removed at low centrifuge speed were significantly rougher than particles removed at high speed.Lower quality corn did not show a significant decrease in particle roughness for strongly attached dust.The surface area decreased while the surface energy increased with the attachment strength of dust particles.Abstract. High dust concentrations associated with grain handling can cause serious problems, including health and safety risks from dust inhalation and increased risk of explosions due to contained suspended dust in the presence of an ignition source. The amount of dust generated during grain handling is influenced by several factors, including the adhesion strength of dust to the grain. One factor that could influence the adhesion strength of grain dusts is how the dust particles are shaped and how their shape relates to the surface texture of corn. To better understand the properties of dust particles separated from corn samples, dust samples were analyzed for morphology and particle size. In addition, dust samples were separated with different centrifugation speeds to compare the properties of dusts that were strongly or weakly attached to the grain. These samples were observed with a light profilometer to measure their surface roughness characteristics. Results showed that freshly harvested corn samples contained a higher presence of small particles with low circularity than older, lower quality samples. The large particles observed were determined to be starch, as opposed to the smaller particles that were more likely soil or other non-plant-based material. The dust particles that were more strongly attached to corn kernels tended to have lower surface roughness than those that were weakly attached for the freshly harvested grain. Keywords: Dust adhesion, Particle shape, Surface adhesion, Surface roughness.

scholarly journals Direct Measurement of Adhesion Force of Individual Aerosol Particles by Atomic Force Microscopy

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Kohei Ono ◽  
Yuki Mizushima ◽  
Masaki Furuya ◽  
Ryota Kunihisa ◽  
Nozomu Tsuchiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Adhesion Force ◽  
Aerosol Particles ◽  
Sea Salt ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Adhesion Forces ◽  
Distance Curve ◽  
Ambient Particles ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force

A new method, namely, force–distance curve mapping, was developed to directly measure the adhesion force of individual aerosol particles by atomic force microscopy. The proposed method collects adhesion force from multiple points on a single particle. It also takes into account the spatial distribution of the adhesion force affected by topography (e.g., the variation in the tip angle relative to the surface, as well as the force imposed upon contact), thereby enabling the direct and quantitative measurement of the adhesion force representing each particle. The topographic effect was first evaluated by measuring Polystyrene latex (PSL) standard particles, and the optimized method was then applied on atmospherically relevant model dust particles (quartz, ATD, and CJ-1) and inorganic particles (ammonium sulfate and artificial sea salt) to inter-compare the adhesion forces among different aerosol types. The method was further applied on the actual ambient aerosol particles collected on the western coast of Japan, when the region was under the influence of Asian dust plume. The ambient particles were classified into sea salt (SS), silicate dust, and Ca-rich dust particles based on individual particle analysis (micro-Raman or Scanning Electron Microscope/Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX)). Comparable adhesion forces were obtained from the model and ambient particles for both SS and silicate dust. Although dust particles tended to show smaller adhesion forces, the adhesion force of Ca-rich dust particles was larger than the majority of silicate dust particles and was comparable with the inorganic salt particles. These results highlight that the original chemical composition, as well as the aging process in the atmosphere, can create significant variation in the adhesion force among individual particles. This study demonstrates that force–distance curve mapping can be used as a new tool to quantitatively characterize the physical properties of aerosol particles on an individual basis.

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