scholarly journals Roles of 2-oxoglutarate oxygenases and isopenicillin N synthase in β-lactam biosynthesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 735-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Rabe ◽  
Jos J. A. G. Kamps ◽  
Christopher J. Schofield ◽  
Christopher T. Lohans
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Isopenicillin N

The 2OG oxygenases and IPNS contribute to the great structural diversity of β-lactam natural products, employing some remarkable mechanisms.

Enzymatic dimerization in the biosynthetic pathway of microbial natural products

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawang Liu ◽  
Anan Liu ◽  
Youcai Hu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Cytochrome P450s ◽  
Microbial Natural Products

Cytochrome P450s, laccases, and intermolecular [4 + 2] cyclases, along with other enzymes were utilized to catalyze varied dimerization of matured natural products so as to create the structural diversity and complexity in microorganisms.

scholarly journals Chemical Diversity and Biological Activity of Secondary Metabolites Isolated from Indonesian Marine Invertebrates

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1898
Author(s):  
Fauzia Izzati ◽  
Mega Ferdina Warsito ◽  
Asep Bayu ◽  
Anggia Prasetyoputri ◽  
Akhirta Atikana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Marine Natural Products ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Soft Corals ◽  
High Chemical

Marine invertebrates have been reported to be an excellent resource of many novel bioactive compounds. Studies reported that Indonesia has remarkable yet underexplored marine natural products, with a high chemical diversity and a broad spectrum of biological activities. This review discusses recent updates on the exploration of marine natural products from Indonesian marine invertebrates (i.e., sponges, tunicates, and soft corals) throughout 2007–2020. This paper summarizes the structural diversity and biological function of the bioactive compounds isolated from Indonesian marine invertebrates as antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, and antiviral, while also presenting the opportunity for further investigation of novel compounds derived from Indonesian marine invertebrates.

scholarly journals Apoptotic or Antiproliferative Activity of Natural Products against Keratinocytes for the Treatment of Psoriasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 2558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tse-Hung Huang ◽  
Chwan-Fwu Lin ◽  
Ahmed Alalaiwe ◽  
Shih-Chun Yang ◽  
Jia-You Fang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Product Management ◽  
Synergistic Activity ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Keratinocyte Proliferation ◽  
Psoriasis Therapy

Natural products or herbs can be used as an effective therapy for treating psoriasis, an autoimmune skin disease that involves keratinocyte overproliferation. It has been demonstrated that phytomedicine, which is used for psoriasis patients, provides some advantages, including natural sources, a lower risk of adverse effects, and the avoidance of dissatisfaction with conventional therapy. The herbal products’ structural diversity and multiple mechanisms of action have enabled the synergistic activity to mitigate psoriasis. In recent years, the concept of using natural products as antiproliferative agents in psoriasis treatment has attracted increasing attention in basic and clinical investigations. This review highlights the development of an apoptotic or antiproliferatic strategy for natural-product management in the treatment of psoriasis. We systematically introduce the concepts and molecular mechanisms of keratinocyte-proliferation inhibition by crude extracts or natural compounds that were isolated from natural resources, especially plants. Most of these studies focus on evaluation through an in vitro keratinocyte model and an in vivo psoriasis-like animal model. Topical delivery is the major route for the in vivo or clinical administration of these natural products. The potential use of antiproliferative phytomedicine on hyperproliferative keratinocytes suggests a way forward for generating advances in the field of psoriasis therapy.

scholarly journals Heterologous Production of 6-Deoxyerythronolide B in Escherichia coli through the Wood Werkman Cycle

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
R. Axayacatl Gonzalez-Garcia ◽  
Lars K. Nielsen ◽  
Esteban Marcellin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Heterologous Production ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Anticancer Properties ◽  
Defined Media ◽  
Extender Unit

Polyketides are a remarkable class of natural products with diverse functional and structural diversity. The class includes many medicinally important molecules with antiviral, antimicrobial, antifungal and anticancer properties. Native bacterial, fungal and plant hosts are often difficult to cultivate and coax into producing the desired product. As a result, Escherichia coli has been used for the heterologous production of polyketides, with the production of 6-deoxyerythronolide B (6-dEB) being the first example. Current strategies for production in E. coli require feeding of exogenous propionate as a source for the precursors propionyl-CoA and S-methylmalonyl-CoA. Here, we show that heterologous polyketide production is possible from glucose as the sole carbon source. The heterologous expression of eight genes from the Wood-Werkman cycle found in Propionibacteria, in combination with expression of the 6-dEB synthases DEBS1, DEBS2 and DEBS3 resulted in 6-dEB formation from glucose as the sole carbon source. Our results show that the Wood-Werkman cycle provides the required propionyl-CoA and the extender unit S-methylmalonyl-CoA to produce up to 0.81 mg/L of 6-dEB in a chemically defined media.

scholarly journals BIOFACQUIM: A Mexican Compound Database of Natural Products

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Pilón-Jiménez ◽  
Fernanda Saldívar-González ◽  
Bárbara Díaz-Eufracio ◽  
José Medina-Franco
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Molecular Fingerprints ◽  
The Public ◽  
Compound Database

Compound databases of natural products have a major impact on drug discovery projects and other areas of research. The number of databases in the public domain with compounds with natural origins is increasing. Several countries, Brazil, France, Panama and, recently, Vietnam, have initiatives in place to construct and maintain compound databases that are representative of their diversity. In this proof-of-concept study, we discuss the first version of BIOFACQUIM, a novel compound database with natural products isolated and characterized in Mexico. We discuss its construction, curation, and a complete chemoinformatic characterization of the content and coverage in chemical space. The profile of physicochemical properties, scaffold content, and diversity, as well as structural diversity based on molecular fingerprints is reported. BIOFACQUIM is available for free.

scholarly journals A Decade of Antifungal Leads from Natural Products: 2010–2019

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Aldholmi ◽  
Pascal Marchand ◽  
Isabelle Ourliac-Garnier ◽  
Patrice Le Pape ◽  
A. Ganesan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Antifungal Compounds ◽  
Pathogenic Species

In this review, we discuss novel natural products discovered within the last decade that are reported to have antifungal activity against pathogenic species. Nearly a hundred natural products were identified that originate from bacteria, algae, fungi, sponges, and plants. Fungi were the most prolific source of antifungal compounds discovered during the period of review. The structural diversity of these antifungal leads encompasses all the major classes of natural products including polyketides, shikimate metabolites, terpenoids, alkaloids, and peptides.

Plant natural products: a primerThe present review is one in the special series of reviews on animal–plant interactions.

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 601-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Bernards
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Structural Type ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Functional Roles ◽  
Chemical Mechanisms ◽  
Know How ◽  
Plant Natural Products

Over the course of evolution, plants have adapted various structural and chemical mechanisms to protect themselves and interact with their environment. The chemical mechanisms are largely based on the secondary metabolites or natural products. Although plant natural products are generally divided into three main categories (terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenylpropanoids) that are based on structural type and biosynthetic origin, there are many other smaller categories of unique compounds. Many important in planta biological functions can be attributed to plant natural products, in large part, owing to their tremendous structural diversity. To understand the functional roles of plant natural products, both as protective compounds and interorganismal signals, it is important to know how they are formed in plants. This minireview provides a general background about the three main categories of plant natural products, their biosynthetic origins, and their structural diversity.

Enhancing the Structural Diversity and Bioactivity of Natural Products by Combinatorial Modification Exemplified by Total Tanshinones

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (9) ◽  
pp. 1084-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafang Tan ◽  
Xiaohui Sun ◽  
Fuyue Dong ◽  
Haiyan Tian ◽  
Renwang Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Structural Diversity

scholarly journals Releasing potential power of terpene synthases by a robust precursor supply platform

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangkai Bian ◽  
Yichao Han ◽  
Anwei Hou ◽  
Yujie Yuan ◽  
Xinhua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Protein Engineering ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Product Diversity ◽  
Terpene Synthases ◽  
Ring Systems ◽  
Precursor Supply

AbstractApproximately 76,000 discovered makes terpenoids the largest family of natural products in nature with widespread applications. The wide-spectrum of structural diversity of the terpenoids were largely due to the variable skeletons generated by terpene synthases. The number of terpene skeletons found in nature, however, were so much more than those conceivably generated from known terpene synthases and the limited characterized terpene synthases also make no chance for some useful terpenoids overproduction in microbe. Here, we first demonstrated that the promiscuous synthases in vivo can produce more variable terpenoid products by converting precursors of different lengths (C10, C15, C20, C25). This discovery was prompted by the development of an efficient in vivo platform by combining the two promiscuous terpene synthases and three prenyltransferases to generate 50 terpenoids, at least 3 ring systems of which were completely new. Furthermore, protein engineering was further integrated to enhance product diversity. Clearly, the work is expected to dramatically reshape the terpenoid research by widening the flexibility of the terpene synthases for the fresh discovery or creation of the new terpenoid compounds by skeleton reframing.

scholarly journals Assigning the Origin of Microbial Natural Products by Chemical Space Map and Machine Learning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alice Capecchi ◽  
Jean-Louis Reymond
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Machine Learning Model ◽  
Interactive Map ◽  
Microbial Natural Products ◽  
Tree Map

<p>Microbial natural products (NPs) are an important source of drugs. However, their structural diversity remains poorly understood. Here we used our recently reported MinHashed Atom Pair fingerprint with diameter of four bonds (MAP4), a fingerprint suitable for molecules across very different sizes, to analyze the Natural Products Atlas (NPAtlas), a database of 25,523 NPs of bacterial or fungal origin downloaded from <a href="https://www.npatlas.org/joomla/">https://www.npatlas.org/joomla/</a>. To visualize NPAtlas by MAP4 similarity, we used the dimensionality reduction method tree map (TMAP) (<a href="http://tmap.gdb.tools/">http://tmap.gdb.tools</a>). The resulting interactive map (<a href="https://tm.gdb.tools/map4/npatlas_map_tmap/">https://tm.gdb.tools/map4/npatlas_map_tmap/</a>) organizes molecules by physico-chemical properties and compound families such as peptides, glycosides, polyphenols or terpenoids. Remarkably, the map separates bacterial and fungal NPs from one another, revealing that these two compound families are intrinsically different despite of their related biosynthetic pathways. We used these differences to train a machine learning model capable of distinguishing between NPs of bacterial or fungal origin. </p>

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