On the structural aspects of solid solutions of enantiomers: an intriguing case study of enantiomer recognition in the solid state

CrystEngComm ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (43) ◽  
pp. 6909-6918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toms Rekis ◽  
Agris Bērziņš
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid Solutions ◽  
Structural Aspects

The structural aspects of type 1 and type 2 solid solutions have been revised.

COEVALNESS OF INSECT TRACE FOSSILS AND TRACE-BEARING ROCKS, A CASE STUDY FROM THE PLIO?-PLEISTOCENE OF SW SPAIN

Palaios ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-121
Author(s):  
EDUARDO MAYORAL ◽  
JORGE F. GENISE ◽  
FRANCISCO J. RODRÍGUEZ-TOVAR ◽  
ANA SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Sw Spain ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Time Gap

ABSTRACT Plio?-Pleistocene outcrops located at the southwestern edge of the Guadalquivir Basin in the area of Lepe (Huelva, Spain) provide an interesting example for studying the contemporaneity of traces with the rocks that contain them. Two different types of cells compatible with the ichnogenera Celliforma (Type 1) and Palmiraichnus (Type 2) were found in these outcrops. Their walls were constructed with the same material as the matrix and our first research in the area showed no extant bees producing them suggesting that they were coeval with the trace-bearing rocks. The case of the “Palmiraichnus-like” Type 2 cells was misleading because of its similarity with Palmiraichnus described from the region in the Canary Islands and Balearic Archipelago (Spain). Two determining features were vital in clarifying this first appearance. In the Palmiraichnus-like cells we found remains of a larval cocoon in one cell that could be dated by C14, giving a modern age. In the Celliforma-like cells more field research in the area allow us to observe extant bees nesting in these rocks in autumn. Ichnological literature show a few cases of asynchronies involving extant traces found mostly in Paleozoic and Mesozoic rocks. In contrast, the case presented herein indicates the time gap between the bearing rocks and the Lepe traces was shorter (ca. 12 ky–2.6 My), enhancing the similarity of traces and rocks and thus their potential coevalness. This case may serve as a warning about other potential examples in the fossil record in which relatively short asynchronies between traces and paleosols exist.

scholarly journals Exploring Typology of Residents Staying in Disaster-Prone Areas: A Case Study in Tambak Lorok, Semarang, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Choirul Amin ◽  
S Sukamdi ◽  
R Rijanta
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Tidal Inundation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Respondent Characteristic ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Type 3

Studies about population immobility, especially immobility associated with climate change-related disaster, are very limited. As a consequence, the explanation of population immobility in disaster prone areas is still blurred. This study contributes in explaining population immobility by exploring the typology of residents who did not move from disaster-prone areas. The survey was conducted towards the residents of Kampung Tambak Lorok Semarang, which is prone to three disasters simultaneously i.e. sea level rise, land subsidence, and tidal inundation. The study sample was 235 heads of households selected using proportional sampling area technique. Data were collected using a questionnaire consisting of two parts: (1) demographic, social, and economic characteristics of people who did not move from disaster prone areas; and (2) staying intention in disaster prone areas. Data analysis used descriptive analysis by using table and graph of respondent characteristic and relation between respondent characteristic and staying intention in research area. Three (3) typologies have been identified, namely: Type-1 are residents who wishes to stay; Type-2 are residents who still have not decided whether to stay or move; and Type-3 are residents who do not want to stay/want to move. Each of these typologies is described by place of birth, age, length of stay, education, occupation, and income. The understanding of the typology of residents living in disaster prone areas is important as inputs for policy-makers, especially regarding the relocation of people from disaster prone areas to be effective. The results of this study also contribute empirical evidence to the migration theory debate at the micro level, namely that the staying intention is a key element in the 'black box' of immobile decision-making from disaster prone areas.

scholarly journals Case Study: Glucose Toxicity: Type 1 or Type 2?

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
J. A. Eaddy ◽  
P. Granado ◽  
A. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Toxicity

Case Study: Type 1 and Type 2, Too?

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 140-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Gassner ◽  
S. E. Gitelman
Keyword(s):  
Study Type

A case study of immunological differences between type 1 and type 2 AIP

Pancreatology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. e81
Author(s):  
K. Uchida ◽  
T. Kusuda ◽  
H. Miyoshi ◽  
M. Koyabu ◽  
K. Sumimoto ◽  
...  

Realizing Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Systems with Type-1 Fuzzy Systems

2012 ◽  
pp. 412-427
Author(s):  
Mamta Khosla ◽  
R K Sarin ◽  
Moin Uddin ◽  
Satvir Singh ◽  
Arun Khosla
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Mean Square Error ◽  
Fuzzy Systems ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Systems ◽  
Interval Type

In this chapter, the authors have realized Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Systems (IT2 FLSs) with the average of two Type-1 Fuzzy Logic Systems (T1 FLSs). The authors have presented two case studies by applying this realization methodology on (i) an arbitrary system, where an IT2 FLS is considered, in which its footprint of uncertainty (FOU) is expressed using Principal T1 FS+FOU approach, and the second (ii) the Mackey-Glass time-series forecasting. In the second case study, T1 FLS is evolved using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm for the Mackey-Glass time-series data with added noise, and is then upgraded to IT2 FLS by adding FOU. Further, four experiments are conducted in this case study for four different noise levels. For each case study, a comparative study of the results of the average of two T1 FLSs and the corresponding IT2 FLS, obtained through computer simulations in MATLAB environment, is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the realization approach. Very low values of Mean Square Error (MSE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) demonstrate that IT2 FLS performance is equivalent to the average of two T1 FLSs. This approach is helpful in the absence of the availability of development tools for T2 FLSs or because of complexity and difficulty in understanding T2 FLSs that makes the implementation difficult. It provides an easy route to the simulation/realization of IT2 FLSs and by following this approach, all existing tools/methodologies for the design, simulation and realization of T1 FLSs can be directly extended to T2 FLSs.

scholarly journals A Case Study of Pachyonychia Congenita in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-17
Author(s):  
Zahed Parvez ◽  
Samina Akter
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Pachyonychia Congenita

In 1906 Jadassohn and Lewandowsky described a rare genodermatoses and named it pachyonychia congenita. Pachy means thick. It is a group of genodermatoses involving keratin mutation with thickened nails and variable associated findings. Pachyonychia congenita is a rare disease having four types. However, type 1 and type 2 can be considered common among them. It can often mimic with fungal infection as nail hyperkeratosis can occur in both.

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