scholarly journals The impact of grafted surface defects on the on-surface Schiff-base chemistry at the solid–liquid interface

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (71) ◽  
pp. 9905-9908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nerea Bilbao ◽  
Yanxia Yu ◽  
Lander Verstraete ◽  
Jianbin Lin ◽  
Shengbin Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Covalent Organic Frameworks ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
The Impact

We investigate the effect of covalently modified graphitic surfaces on the formation of single-layer covalent organic frameworks (sCOFs) at the solid–liquid interface.

scholarly journals Morphological Development of Sub-Grain Cellular/Bands Microstructures in Selective Laser Melting

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xihe Liu ◽  
Xin Zhou ◽  
Ben Xu ◽  
Jing Ma ◽  
Congcong Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Eutectic Alloys ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Submicron Scale ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid

In this paper, single-layer and bulk 316 L selective laser melting (SLM) experiments were conducted, fine submicron-scale geometric symmetrical cellular (hexagonal, pentagonal and square), elongated cellular and bands solidification morphologies were found in the laser-melt top surface. Meanwhile, morphological developed sub-grain patterns with quasi-hexagonal cellular, elongated cellular and bands structures (size ~1 μm) coexisting inside one single macro-solidified grain were also identified. This demonstrated the transitions from quasi-hexagonal-cells to elongated cells/bands, and transitions reverse, occurred in the whole bulk under some circumstances during SLM. Based on the experimental realities, these morphologies are formed by the local convection and Bénard instabilities in front of the solid/liquid interface (so-called mushy zones) affected by intricate temperature and surface tension gradients. Quasi-hexagonal cellular convective fields are then superimposed on macro-grain solidification to form the sub-grain patterns and micro-segregations. This explanation seems reasonable and is unifying as it can be expanded to other eutectic alloys with face center cubic (FCC) prevenient phase prepared by SLM, e.g., the Al-Si and Co-Cr-Mo systems.

Modeling Coupled Conduction–Convection Ice Formation on Horizontal Axially Finned and Unfinned Tubes

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan M. S. Al-Sarrach ◽  
Ghalib Y. Kahwaji ◽  
Mohamed A. Samaha
Keyword(s):  
Natural Convection ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
Finite Difference Schemes ◽  
Freezing Process ◽  
Liquid Region ◽  
Water Density ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
The Impact

The freezing of water around immersed unfinned and finned horizontal tubes is simulated numerically. The impact of natural convection as well as the water density inversion with temperature is considered. The equations governing both fluid flow and heat transfer around the tubes and through the solid–liquid interface are solved using finite difference schemes. To follow the moving solid–liquid boundary, dynamic grid generation is performed using the elliptic partial differential equation method with iterative interpolating smoothing to avoid divergence. For validation, the present results for unfinned tubes are compared with experimental studies reported in the literature. The present numerical simulations are aimed at improving our understanding of the parameters affecting the freezing process around both finned and unfinned tubes. The results showed that the flow patterns are similar in both tube configurations with one main vortex in the liquid region when there is no inversion in the water density. The presence of fins complicates the distribution of local Nusselt number along the solid–liquid interface in comparison with the unfinned tube. The impact of natural convection on the rate of ice formation is limited to the initial period of the freezing process. The results also show the freezing enhancement when utilizing fins. An accumulated ice mass correlation is developed for each tube configuration. This model can be used to optimize the design of both finned and unfinned tubes in energy storage systems, which are viable tools for air conditioning load shifting and leveling.

In-Line Characterization of Micro-Droplets Based on Partial Light Reflection at the Solid-Liquid Interface

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuel Weber ◽  
Dietmar Puchberger-Enengl ◽  
Michael J. Vellekoop
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Transmitted Light ◽  
Index Of Refraction ◽  
Light Reflection ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid

In this paper a novel optofluidic setup, fabricated on a single layer device for in-line droplet characterization yielding droplet-size, droplet-frequency, and optical properties with compatibility for full on-chip integration is presented. Chips were fabricated using a simple, fast, and cost effective technology. A T-junction arrangement on the device is used for droplet generation. The optical part of the setup consists of an external light source, external silicon photodetectors, integrated air micro-lenses, and an integrated waveguide. The design makes use of partial light reflection/transmission at the solid-liquid interface to count, size, and discriminate droplets based on their optical properties. When passing the interrogation point, droplets having a lower refractive index as the continuous phase result in light deflections. Both, reflected and transmitted light, are detected simultaneously. A relation of those two signals is then used for the analysis resulting in a continuously stable signal. The generated pattern is unique for different droplets and can be exploited for droplet characterization. Using this arrangement, droplets of de-ionized water (DI) were counted at frequencies of up to 320 droplets per second. In addition, information about the droplet sizes and their variations could be obtained. Finally, 5 mol/L CaCl2 and DI droplets, having different indices of refraction were examined and could clearly be discriminated based on their unique reflected and transmitted light signals. This principle can be applied for the detection of dissolved molecules in droplets as long as they influence the index of refraction. Examples could be the determination of DNA or protein content in the droplet.

Observation of Femtosecond Acoustic Anomaly in a Solid Liquid Interface

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (5) ◽  
pp. 2987-2993
Author(s):  
Chi-Kuang Sun ◽  
Yi-Ting Yao ◽  
Chih-Chiang Shen ◽  
Mu-Han Ho ◽  
Tien-Chang Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Acoustic Anomaly ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document