Transfer matrix theory of polymer complex coacervation

Soft Matter ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (39) ◽  
pp. 7001-7012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler K. Lytle ◽  
Charles E. Sing
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Transfer Matrix ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Matrix Theory ◽  
Polymer Complex ◽  
Polymeric Complex ◽  
Complex Coacervation ◽  
Molecular Features

A new theoretical approach to modeling polymeric complex coacervation captures how molecular features affect charge-driven phase separation.

scholarly journals Correction: Transfer matrix theory of polymer complex coacervation

Soft Matter ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (44) ◽  
pp. 9157-9158
Author(s):  
Tyler K. Lytle ◽  
Charles E. Sing
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Matrix ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Matrix Theory ◽  
Polymer Complex ◽  
Complex Coacervation

Correction for ‘Transfer matrix theory of polymer complex coacervation’ by Tyler K. Lytle et al., Soft Matter, 2017, 13, 7001–7012.

Tuning chain interaction entropy in complex coacervation using polymer stiffness, architecture, and salt valency

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler K. Lytle ◽  
Charles E. Sing
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Polymeric Complex ◽  
Complex Coacervation ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Chain Interaction

Theory and simulation demonstrate how molecular features can be used to design the phase behavior of polymeric complex coacervates.

scholarly journals Prebiotically-relevant low polyion multivalency can improve functionality of membraneless compartments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Pir Cakmak ◽  
Saehyun Choi ◽  
McCauley O. Meyer ◽  
Philip C. Bevilacqua ◽  
Christine D. Keating
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Rna Structure ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Origins Of Life ◽  
Complex Coacervation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Local Ph

AbstractMultivalent polyions can undergo complex coacervation, producing membraneless compartments that accumulate ribozymes and enhance catalysis, and offering a mechanism for functional prebiotic compartmentalization in the origins of life. Here, we evaluated the impact of low, prebiotically-relevant polyion multivalency in coacervate performance as functional compartments. As model polyions, we used positively and negatively charged homopeptides with one to 100 residues, and adenosine mono-, di-, and triphosphate nucleotides. Polycation/polyanion pairs were tested for coacervation, and resulting membraneless compartments were analyzed for salt resistance, ability to provide a distinct internal microenvironment (apparent local pH, RNA partitioning), and effect on RNA structure formation. We find that coacervates formed by phase separation of the relatively shorter polyions more effectively generated distinct pH microenvironments, accumulated RNA, and preserved duplexes. Hence, reduced multivalency polyions are not only viable as functional compartments for prebiotic chemistries, but they can offer advantages over higher molecular weight analogues.

scholarly journals Prebiotically-relevant low polyion multivalency can improve functionality of membraneless compartments

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Pir Cakmak ◽  
Saehyun Choi ◽  
McCauley O. Meyer ◽  
Philip C. Bevilacqua ◽  
Christine D. Keating
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Structure Formation ◽  
Rna Structure ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Salt Resistance ◽  
Origins Of Life ◽  
Complex Coacervation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Local Ph

AbstractMultivalent polyions can undergo complex coacervation, producing membraneless compartments that accumulate ribozymes and enhance catalysis, and offering a mechanism for functional prebiotic compartmentalization in the origins of life. Here, we evaluate the impact of lower, more prebiotically-relevant, polyion multivalency on the functional performance of coacervates as compartments. Positively and negatively charged homopeptides with 1–100 residues and adenosine mono-, di-, and triphosphate nucleotides are used as model polyions. Polycation/polyanion pairs are tested for coacervation, and resulting membraneless compartments are analyzed for salt resistance, ability to provide a distinct internal microenvironment (apparent local pH, RNA partitioning), and effect on RNA structure formation. We find that coacervates formed by phase separation of the shorter polyions more effectively generated distinct pH microenvironments, accumulated RNA, and preserved duplexes than those formed by longer polyions. Hence, coacervates formed by reduced multivalency polyions are not only viable as functional compartments for prebiotic chemistries, they can outperform higher molecular weight analogues.

scholarly journals Ionic polypeptide tags for protein phase separation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 2700-2707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Kapelner ◽  
Allie C. Obermeyer
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Globular Proteins ◽  
Complex Coacervation ◽  
Protein Activity ◽  
Physiological Conditions

Short ionic polypeptide tags were demonstrated to drive complex coacervation of globular proteins at physiological conditions while maintaining protein activity.

scholarly journals Recent progress in the science of complex coacervation

Soft Matter ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2885-2914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Sing ◽  
Sarah L. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Polymeric Complex ◽  
Complex Coacervation

We review recent progress in the science of polymeric complex coacervation.

scholarly journals Phase separation in fluids with many interacting components

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krishna Shrinivas ◽  
Michael P Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Random Matrix Theory ◽  
Molecular Species ◽  
Random Matrix ◽  
Matrix Theory ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Phase Rule ◽  
Coexisting Phases

Fluids in natural systems, like the cytoplasm of a cell, often contain thousands of molecular species that are organized into multiple coexisting phases that enable diverse and specific functions. How interactions between numerous molecular species encode for various emergent phases is not well understood. Here we leverage approaches from random matrix theory and statistical physics to describe the emergent phase behavior of fluid mixtures with many species whose interactions are drawn randomly from an underlying distribution. Through numerical simulation and stability analyses, we show that these mixtures exhibit staged phase separation kinetics and are characterized by multiple coexisting phases at equilibrium with distinct compositions. Random-matrix theory predicts the number of existing phases at equilibrium, validated by simulations with diverse component numbers and interaction parameters. Surprisingly, this model predicts an upper bound on the number of phases, derived from dynamical considerations, that is much lower than the limit from the Gibbs phase rule, which is obtained from equilibrium thermodynamic constraints. Using a biophysically motivated model of pairwise interactions between components, we design ensembles that encode either linear or non-monotonic scaling relationships between number of components and co-existing phases, which we validate through simulation and theory. Finally, inspired by parallels in biological systems, we show that including non-equilibrium turnover of components through chemical reactions can tunably modulate the number of co-existing phases at steady-state without changing overall fluid composition. Together, our study provides a model framework that describes the emergent dynamical and steady-state phase behavior of liquid-like mixtures with many interacting constituents.

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