scholarly journals Supramolecular self-assembly of a polyelectrolyte chain based on step-growth polymerization of hydrophobic and hydrophilic monomers

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (83) ◽  
pp. 52832-52840
Author(s):  
Li Sun ◽  
Shang Ma ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Yongmei Chi ◽  
Jian Dong
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
The Self ◽  
Hexamethylene Diisocyanate ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Polyelectrolyte Chain ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
Step Growth Polymerization ◽  
Hydrophilic Monomers

Polymerization of citric acid and hexamethylene diisocyanate and hydrolysis results in a polyelectrolyte PHMC. Noncovalent cross-linking of cooperative H-bonding units stabilizes the self-assembly of the PHMC chains into nanoparticles in water.

scholarly journals Engineering of Doxorubicin-Encapsulating and TRAIL-Conjugated Poly(RGD) Proteinoid Nanocapsules for Drug Delivery Applications

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2996
Author(s):  
Elad Hadad ◽  
Safra Rudnick-Glick ◽  
Ella Itzhaki ◽  
Matan Y. Avivi ◽  
Igor Grinberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Ovarian Cancer Cells ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drug ◽  
Enzyme Degradation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
Step Growth Polymerization ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Proteinoids are non-toxic biodegradable polymers prepared by thermal step-growth polymerization of amino acids. Here, P(RGD) proteinoids and proteinoid nanocapsules (NCs) based on D-arginine, glycine, and L-aspartic acid were synthesized and characterized for targeted tumor therapy. Doxorubicin (Dox), a chemotherapeutic drug used for treatment of a wide range of cancers, known for its adverse side effects, was encapsulated during self-assembly to form Dox/P(RGD) NCs. In addition, tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), which can initiate apoptosis in most tumor cells but undergoes fast enzyme degradation, was stabilized by covalent conjugation to hollow P(RGD) NCs. The effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugation was also studied. Cytotoxicity tests on CAOV-3 ovarian cancer cells demonstrated that Dox/P(RGD) and TRAIL-P(RGD) NCs were as effective as free Dox and TRAIL with cell viability of 2% and 10%, respectively, while PEGylated NCs were less effective. Drug-bearing P(RGD) NCs offer controlled release with reduced side effects for improved therapy.

Self-assembly of graphene oxide aerogels by layered double hydroxides cross-linking and their application in water purification

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (23) ◽  
pp. 8941-8951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qile Fang ◽  
Baoliang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Structural Stability ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Layered Double Hydroxides ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Double Hydroxides

3D macrostructural aerogels were synthesized based on the self-assembly of graphene oxide and LDHs, which exhibited excellent hydrophilicity, structural stability, and superior adsorption properties in water purification.

Cross-Linking Density and Temperature Effects on the Self-Assembly of SiO2-PNIPAAm Core-Shell Particles at Interfaces

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 5586-5594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadriye Özlem Nazli ◽  
Christian W. Pester ◽  
Artjom Konradi ◽  
Alexander Böker ◽  
Patrick van Rijn
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Shell Particles

Polymerization-like kinetics of the self-assembly of colloidal nanoparticles into supracolloidal polymers

Nanoscale ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (35) ◽  
pp. 16873-16880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodong Ma ◽  
Yaru Zhou ◽  
Liangshun Zhang ◽  
Jiaping Lin ◽  
Xiaohui Tian
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Rate Coefficient ◽  
Polymerization Kinetics ◽  
Colloidal Nanoparticles ◽  
Variable Rate ◽  
Molecular Systems ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
Step Growth Polymerization ◽  
Kinetics Of

Unlike the polymerization kinetics of molecular systems, the growth of supracolloidal polymers obeys diffusion-controlled step-growth polymerization kinetics with a variable rate coefficient.

Inside Cover: Cross-Linking Density and Temperature Effects on the Self-Assembly of SiO2-PNIPAAm Core-Shell Particles at Interfaces (Chem. Eur. J. 18/2013)

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (18) ◽  
pp. 5498-5498
Author(s):  
Kadriye Özlem Nazli ◽  
Christian W. Pester ◽  
Artjom Konradi ◽  
Alexander Böker ◽  
Patrick van Rijn
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Shell Particles

scholarly journals Designed proteinoid polymers and nanoparticles encapsulating risperidone for enhanced antipsychotic activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lugasi ◽  
I. Grinberg ◽  
S. Rudnick-Glick ◽  
E. Okun ◽  
H. Einat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Drug Efficacy ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Antipsychotic Activity ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
Step Growth Polymerization ◽  
Drug Efficiency ◽  
Atypical Antipsychotic Medication

Abstract Background Nanoparticles (NPs) incorporating drug formulations can be used to facilitate passage through biological barriers including the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and increase drug delivery and bioavailability. Hence, NP-based administration may enhance the efficiency of current antipsychotics. Encapsulation within NPs can resolve aqueous solubility problems that not only reduce permeability through the BBB but also affect targeting. The present study describes a new drug delivery system based on proteinoid NPs to explore the possibility of improving drug efficacy. Risperidone (RSP) is a commonly used atypical antipsychotic medication, and was therefore selected for encapsulation by proteinoid NPs. Results Proteinoid polymers with high molecular weight and low polydispersity were synthesized from l-amino acids and poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) by thermal step-growth polymerization mechanism. RSP-loaded proteinoid NPs were then prepared using a self-assembly process in the presence of RSP, followed by PEGylation. The optimal PEGylated RSP-loaded NPs were characterized in terms of diameter and size distribution, drug loading, ζ-potential, cytotoxicity, biodistribution, and psychopharmacological effects. The findings indicate significantly higher antipsychotic activity of drug-loaded proteinoid NPs compared to free RSP. Conclusions Proteinoid NPs enhance RSP delivery and may potentially increase drug efficiency by reducing dosage and side effects.

scholarly journals Supramolecular Functionalizable Linear–Dendritic Block Copolymers for the Preparation of Nanocarriers by Microfluidics

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Abad ◽  
Alejandro Martínez-Bueno ◽  
Gracia Mendoza ◽  
Manuel Arruebo ◽  
Luis Oriol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymers ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Polymeric Nanocarriers ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Click Coupling ◽  
Drug Nanocarriers ◽  
Fast Synthesis

Hybrid linear–dendritic block copolymers (LDBCs) having dendrons with a precise number of peripheral groups that are able to supramolecular bind functional moieties are challenging materials as versatile polymeric platforms for the preparation of functional polymeric nanocarriers. PEG2k-b-dxDAP LDBCs that are based on polyethylene glycol (PEG) as hydrophilic blocks and dendrons derived from bis-MPA having 2,6-diacylaminopyridine (DAP) units have been efficiently synthesized by the click coupling of preformed blocks, as was demonstrated by spectroscopic techniques and mass spectrometry. Self-assembly ability was first checked by nanoprecipitation. A reproducible and fast synthesis of aggregates was accomplished by microfluidics optimizing the total flow rate and phase ratio to achieve spherical micelles and/or vesicles depending on dendron generation and experimental parameters. The morphology and size of the self-assemblies were studied by TEM, Cryogenic Transmission Electron Microscopy (cryo-TEM), and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS). The cytotoxicity of aggregates synthesized by microfluidics and the influence on apoptosis and cell cycle evaluation was studied on four cell lines. The self-assemblies are not cytotoxic at doses below 0.4 mg mL−1. Supramolecular functionalization using thymine derivatives was explored for reversibly cross-linking the hydrophobic blocks. The results open new possibilities for their use as drug nanocarriers with a dynamic cross-linking to improve nanocarrier stability but without hindering disassembly to release molecular cargoes.

scholarly journals Assembly and Covalent Cross-Linking of an Amine-Functionalised Metal-Organic Cage

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew L. Schneider ◽  
Adrian W. Markwell-Heys ◽  
Oliver M. Linder-Patton ◽  
Witold M. Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
The Self ◽  
Porous Solids ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Amine Functionalized ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Organic Framework

The incorporation of reactive functional groups onto the exterior of metal-organic cages (MOCs) opens up new opportunities to link their well-defined scaffolds into functional porous solids. Amine moieties offer access to a rich catalogue of covalent chemistry; however, they also tend to coordinate undesirably and interfere with MOC formation, particular in the case of Cu2 paddlewheel-based MOCs. We demonstrate that tuning the basicity of an aniline-functionalized ligand enables the self-assembly of a soluble, amine-functionalized Cu4L4 lantern cage (1). Importantly, we show control over the coordinative propensity of the exterior amine of the ligand, which enables us to isolate a crystalline, two-dimensional metal-organic framework composed entirely of MOC units (2). Furthermore, we show that the nucleophilicity of the exterior amine of 1 can be accessed in solution to generate a cross-linked cage polymer (3) via imine condensation.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress Conditions Result in Trapping of PHF-Core Tau (297–391) Intermediates

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
Mahmoud B. Maina ◽  
Youssra K. Al-Hilaly ◽  
Gunasekhar Burra ◽  
Janet E. Rickard ◽  
Charles R. Harrington ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Paired Helical Filaments ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Post Translational Modifications ◽  
Tau Oligomers ◽  
Catalysed Oxidation ◽  
Cross Links

The self-assembly of tau into paired helical filaments (PHFs) in neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) is a significant event in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Numerous post-translational modifications enhance or inhibit tau assembly into NFTs. Oxidative stress, which accompanies AD, induces multiple post-translational modifications in proteins, including the formation of dityrosine (DiY) cross-links. Previous studies have revealed that metal-catalysed oxidation (MCO) using Cu2+ and H2O2 leads to the formation of DiY cross-links in two misfolding proteins, Aβ and α-synuclein, associated with AD and Parkinson’s disease respectively. The effect of MCO on tau remains unknown. Here, we examined the effect of MCO and ultra-violet oxidation to study the influence of DiY cross-linking on the self-assembly of the PHF-core tau fragment. We report that DiY cross-linking facilitates tau assembly into tau oligomers that fail to bind thioflavin S, lack β-sheet structure and prevents their elongation into filaments. At a higher concentration, Cu2+ (without H2O2) also facilitates the formation of these tau oligomers. The DiY cross-linked tau oligomers do not cause cell death. Our findings suggest that DiY cross-linking of pre-assembled tau promotes the formation of soluble tau oligomers that show no acute impact on cell viability.

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