scholarly journals A comparative study of the main constituents and antidepressant effects of raw and vinegar-baked Bupleuri Radix in rats subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (52) ◽  
pp. 32652-32663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianli Lei ◽  
Yadan Wang ◽  
Mingxiao Li ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Chongning Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Bupleurum Scorzonerifolium ◽  
Bupleuri Radix

Bupleuri Radix (BR) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) widely used in Asian nations, which originates fromBupleurum chinenseDC orBupleurum scorzonerifoliumWilld.

Impact of traditional Chinese medicine treatment on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression-like behaviors: intestinal microbiota and gut microbiome function

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 5886-5897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Qu ◽  
Shuo Liu ◽  
Weijie Zhang ◽  
Huawei Zhu ◽  
Qian Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Brain Health ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
Chinese Medicine Treatment ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a recognized contributing factor to many noncommunicable diseases, but more evidence is still needed to illustrate its causative impact on mental and brain health disorders and mechanism(s) for targeted mitigation.

scholarly journals Antidepressant Mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Xiaoyaosan in CUMS-Induced Depressed Mouse Model via RIPK1-RIPK3-MLKL Mediated Necroptosis Based on Network Pharmacology Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Yi Yan ◽  
Hai-Yan Jiao ◽  
Jian-Bei Chen ◽  
Kai-Wen Zhang ◽  
Xi-Hong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Network Pharmacology ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Chinese Medicine Formula ◽  
Treatment Of Depression

Background: Depression is a stress-related disorder that seriously threatens people’s physical and mental health. Xiaoyaosan is a classical traditional Chinese medicine formula, which has been used to treat mental depression since ancient times. More and more notice has been given to the relationship between the occurrence of necroptosis and the pathogenesis of mental disorders.Objective: The purpose of present study is to explore the potential mechanism of Xiaoyaosan for the treatment of depression using network pharmacology and experimental research, and identify the potential targets of necroptosis underlying the antidepressant mechanism of Xiaoyaosan.Methods: The mice model of depression was induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 6 weeks. Adult C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups, including control group, chronic unpredictable mild stress group, Xiaoyaosan treatment group, necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) group and solvent group. Drug intervention performed from 4th to 6th week of modeling. The mice in Xiaoyaosan treatment group received Xiaoyaosan by intragastric administration (0.254 g/kg/d), and mice in CUMS group received 0.5 ml physiological saline. Meanwhile, the mice in Nec-1 group were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with Nec-1 (10 mg/kg/d), and the equivalent volume of DMSO/PBS (8.3%) was injected into solvent group mice. The behavior tests such as sucrose preference test, forced swimming test and novelty-suppressed feeding test were measured to evaluate depressive-like behaviors of model mice. Then, the active ingredients in Xiaoyaosan and the related targets of depression and necroptosis were compiled through appropriate databases, while the “botanical drugs-active ingredients-target genes” network was constructed by network pharmacology analysis. The expressions of RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL, p-MLKL were detected as critical target genes of necroptosis and the potential therapeutic target compounds of Xiaoyaosan. Furthermore, the levels of neuroinflammation and microglial activation of hippocampus were measured by detecting the expressions of IL-1β, Lipocalin-2 and IBA1, and the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained was used to observe the morphology in hippocampus sections.Results: After 6-weeks of modeling, the behavioral data showed that mice in CUMS group and solvent group had obvious depressive-like behaviors, and the medication of Xiaoyaosan or Nec-1 could improve these behavioral changes. A total of 96 active ingredients in Xiaoyaosan which could regulate the 23 key target genes were selected from databases. Xiaoyaosan could alleviate the core target genes in necroptosis and improve the hippocampal function and neuroinflammation in depressed mice.Conclusion: The activation of necroptosis existed in the hippocampus of CUMS-induced mice, which was closely related to the pathogenesis of depression. The antidepressant mechanism of Xiaoyaosan included the regulation of multiple targets in necroptosis. It also suggested that necroptosis could be a new potential target for the treatment of depression.

scholarly journals Antidepressant Effects of Rhodomyrtone in Mice with Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Induced Depression

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huihui Chai ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Haoqiang Zhan ◽  
Xueqian Li ◽  
Zhipeng He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Effects

scholarly journals Asparagus cochinchinensis extract ameliorates menopausal depression in ovariectomized rats under chronic unpredictable mild stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye Ryeong Kim ◽  
Young-Ju Lee ◽  
Tae-Wan Kim ◽  
Ri-Na Lim ◽  
Dae Youn Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Antidepressant Imipramine ◽  
Asparagus Cochinchinensis ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Menopausal Depression

Abstract Background Depression is a serious and common psychiatric disorder generally affecting more women than men. A woman’s risk of developing depression increases steadily with age, and higher incidence is associated with the onset of menopause. Here we evaluated the antidepressant properties of Asparagus cochinchinensis (AC) extract and investigated its underlying mechanisms in a rat menopausal depression model. Methods To model this menopausal depression, we induced a menopause-like state in rats via ovariectomy and exposed them to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) for 6 weeks, which promotes the development of depression-like symptoms. During the final 4 weeks of CUMS, rats were treated with either AC extract (1000 or 2000 mg/kg, PO), which has been reported to provide antidepressant effects, or with the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine (10 mg/kg, IP). Results We report that CUMS promotes depression-like behavior and significantly increases serum corticosterone and inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. We also found that CUMS decreases the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its primary receptor, tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), in OVX rats, and treatment with AC extract rescues both BDNF and TrkB expression levels. Conclusion These results suggest that AC extract exerts antidepressant effects, possibly via modulation of the BDNF-TrkB pathway, in a rat model of menopausal depression.

scholarly journals Effect of Electroacupuncture on Reuptake of Serotonin via miRNA-16 Expression in a Rat Model of Depression

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Huiling Tian ◽  
Hongtao Song ◽  
Xu Wang ◽  
Tong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Exploratory Behavior ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Behavioral Changes ◽  
Sucrose Preference ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Effects

The current study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment applied to Bai hui (GV20) and Yin tang (GV29) acupoints (1 mA, 2 Hz, continuous wave, 20 minutes) for 28 days in a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) on reuptake of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) and miRNA-16 levels in the hippocampus and serum. Rats were housed in individual cages, and CUMS was used to establish a rat model of depression. After EA treatment for 4 weeks, behavioral changes and indices including 5-HT transporter (SERT), 5-HT, and miRNA-16 levels in the hippocampus and serum were examined. The EA treatment significantly improved base levels of sucrose preference and exploratory behavior and significantly decreased SERT protein and mRNA expression in the hippocampus of depressed rats. Significantly increased 5-HT levels were observed, and miRNA-16 levels were significantly decreased in the hippocampus and serum of depressed rats. In conclusion, the antidepressant effects of EA treatment may be affected via inhibition of 5-HT reuptake, upregulation of 5-HT levels, and inhibition of miRNA-16 expression in the hippocampus and serum.

scholarly journals Dose-Effect/Toxicity of Bupleuri Radix on Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress and Normal Rats Based on Liver Metabolomics

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Xiaoxia Gao ◽  
Meili Liang ◽  
Yuan Fang ◽  
Jinping Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Sphingolipid Metabolism ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Toxicity Relationship ◽  
Bupleuri Radix

Depression, one of the most prevalent psychiatric diseases, affects the quality of life of millions of people. Studies have shown that the lower polar fraction of Bupleuri Radix (PBR) elicited therapeutic effects in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) rats. In contrast, comparatively mild liver injury was observed in normal rats administered a high PBR dose. It is essential to clarify the effective and safe dose of PBR and its dose-effect/toxicity relationship. In this study, we used the CUMS model to evaluate the effects and toxicities of PBR and to decipher the dose-effect/toxicity relationship and mechanism using the liver metabonomics combined with multivariate statistical analysis. In CUMS rats, PBR improved the depression-like behaviors including reduced body growth rate, anhedonia, and locomotor activities, and markedly reduced the contents of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). In control rats, PBR treatment altered ALT and AST from typical levels. Moreover, the effective dose range for CUMS rats was 12.6–163 g (herb)/kg, the median toxicity dose for CUMS and normal rats were 388 and 207 g (herb)/kg. The toxicological results showed that the cytokeratin-18 fragment level was increased significantly in CUMS rats given with 100 g (herb)/kg PBR. After a comprehensive analysis, the use of PBR dose was determined to be 12.6–50 g (herb)/kg. In CUMS rats, PBR could reverse amino acid metabolism, energy metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, and β-oxidation of fatty acids to produce an anti-depressant effect in a dose-dependent manner. In control rats, two additional metabolic pathways were significantly perturbed by PBR, including glycerophospholipid metabolism and bile acid metabolism. Moreover, the comprehensive metabolic index including dose-effect index (DEI) and dose toxicity index (DTI) had a remarkable ability (ROC = 0.912, ROC = 0.878) to predict effect and toxicity. The DEI and DTI were used to determine the dose range of effect and toxicity which was shown high concordance with previous results. Furthermore, the CUMS rats possessed a higher toxicity tolerance dose of PBR which was consistent with the theory of “You Gu Wu Yun” in traditional Chinese medicine. The metabonomics techniques combined with correlation analysis could be used to discover indicators for comprehensive evaluations of efficacy and toxicity.

The antidepressant effects of hesperidin on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 853 ◽  
pp. 236-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiling Fu ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Yue Tong ◽  
Yuanjie Li ◽  
Xia Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Antidepressant Effects
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