Imperfect crowding adaptation of mammalian cells towards osmotic stress and its modulation by osmolytes

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2218-2221 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gnutt ◽  
Oliver Brylski ◽  
Eugen Edengeiser ◽  
Martina Havenith ◽  
Simon Ebbinghaus
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Adaptation

The short-term adaptation of cellular crowding after osmotic stress is imperfect but can be modulated by the osmolyte TMAO.

scholarly journals Listeria monocytogenes Shows Temperature-Dependent and -Independent Responses to Salt Stress, Including Responses That Induce Cross-Protection against Other Stresses

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 2602-2612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa M. Bergholz ◽  
Barbara Bowen ◽  
Martin Wiedmann ◽  
Kathryn J. Boor
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Parent Strain ◽  
Cross Protection ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Transcript Levels ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Short Term Adaptation

ABSTRACTThe food-borne pathogenListeria monocytogenesexperiences osmotic stress in many habitats, including foods and the gastrointestinal tract of the host. During transmission,L. monocytogenesis likely to experience osmotic stress at different temperatures and may adapt to osmotic stress in a temperature-dependent manner. To understand the impact of temperature on the responses this pathogen uses to adapt to osmotic stress, we assessed genome-wide changes in theL. monocytogenesH7858 transcriptome during short-term and long-term adaptation to salt stress at 7°C and 37°C. At both temperatures, the short-term response to salt stress included increased transcript levels ofsigBand SigB-regulated genes, as well asmrpABCDEFG, encoding a sodium/proton antiporter. This antiporter was found to play a role in adaptation to salt stress at both temperatures; ΔmrpABCDEFGhad a significantly longer lag phase than the parent strain in BHI plus 6% NaCl at 7°C and 37°C. The short-term adaptation to salt stress at 7°C included increased transcript levels of two genes encoding carboxypeptidases that modify peptidoglycan. These carboxypeptidases play a role in the short-term adaptation to salt stress only at 7°C, where the deletion mutants had significantly different lag phases than the parent strain. Changes in the transcriptome at both temperatures suggested that exposure to salt stress could provide cross-protection to other stresses, including peroxide stress. Short-term exposure to salt stress significantly increased H2O2resistance at both temperatures. These results provide information for the development of knowledge-based intervention methods against this pathogen, as well as provide insight into potential mechanisms of cross-protection.

Short-term adaptation to auditory-visual discordance: The ventriloquism aftereffect

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Vroomen ◽  
Paul Bertelson ◽  
Ilja Frissen ◽  
Beatrice De Gelder
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Adaptation ◽  
Ventriloquism Aftereffect

Determination of allostatic load dynamics in the assessment of adaptation in temporary workers in the Arctic

2020 ◽  
pp. 547-548
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Atkov ◽  
S. G. Gorokhova
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Allostatic Load ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Temporary Workers ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Adaptation ◽  
The Individual

The individual dynamics of the allostatic load index was revealed mainly due to changes in the glucose level, body mass index, which makes it applicable for assessing the short-term adaptation to the stay in the conditions of shift work

Recovery from Adaptation to Moving Gratings

Perception ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 719-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max J Keck ◽  
Benjamin Pentz
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Motion Aftereffect ◽  
Time Decay ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Test Grating ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Sinusoidal Gratings ◽  
Short Term Adaptation

Short-term adaptation to moving sinusoidal gratings results in a motion aftereffect which decays in time. The time decay of the motion aftereffect has been measured psychophysically, and it is found to depend on (i) the spontaneous recovery from the adapted state, and (ii) the contrast of the test grating. We have measured the decays for various test conditions. An extrapolation of the measurements allows us to obtain a decay which represents the time course of the spontaneous recovery of the direction-sensitive mechanisms.

scholarly journals Asymmetric short-term adaptation of the vertical vestibulo-ocular reflex in humans

2006 ◽  
Vol 172 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Marti ◽  
Christopher J. Bockisch ◽  
Dominik Straumann
Keyword(s):  
Short Term ◽  
Ocular Reflex ◽  
Short Term Adaptation ◽  
Vestibulo Ocular Reflex

scholarly journals Short-term adaptation of saccades does not affect smooth pursuit eye movement initiation

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongpeng Sun ◽  
Aleksandra Smilgin ◽  
Marc Junker ◽  
Peter W. Dicke ◽  
Peter Thier
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Smooth Pursuit ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Movement Initiation ◽  
Smooth Pursuit Eye Movement ◽  
Short Term Adaptation

scholarly journals RNA sequencing reveals metabolic and regulatory changes leading to more robust fermentation performance during short-term adaptation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to lignocellulosic inhibitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlous van Dijk ◽  
Peter Rugbjerg ◽  
Yvonne Nygård ◽  
Lisbeth Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Lignocellulosic Hydrolysate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Second Generation Bioethanol ◽  
Short Term Adaptation

Abstract Background The limited tolerance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to inhibitors is a major challenge in second-generation bioethanol production, and our understanding of the molecular mechanisms providing tolerance to inhibitor-rich lignocellulosic hydrolysates is incomplete. Short-term adaptation of the yeast in the presence of dilute hydrolysate can improve its robustness and productivity during subsequent fermentation. Results We utilized RNA sequencing to investigate differential gene expression in the industrial yeast strain CR01 during short-term adaptation, mimicking industrial conditions for cell propagation. In this first transcriptomic study of short-term adaption of S. cerevisiae to lignocellulosic hydrolysate, we found that cultures respond by fine-tuned up- and down-regulation of a subset of general stress response genes. Furthermore, time-resolved RNA sequencing allowed for identification of genes that were differentially expressed at 2 or more sampling points, revealing the importance of oxidative stress response, thiamin and biotin biosynthesis. furan-aldehyde reductases and specific drug:H+ antiporters, as well as the down-regulation of certain transporter genes. Conclusions These findings provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing short-term adaptation of S. cerevisiae to lignocellulosic hydrolysate, and suggest new genetic targets for improving fermentation robustness.

scholarly journals Methods of long-term and short-term adaptation for biometric image of keystroke dynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3D) ◽  
pp. 450-457
Author(s):  
Dmitry V. Pashchenko ◽  
Dmitry A. Trokoz ◽  
Alexey I. Martyshkin ◽  
Elena A. Balzannikova
Keyword(s):  
Working Capacity ◽  
Keystroke Dynamics ◽  
Short Term ◽  
User Identification ◽  
New Device ◽  
Short Term Adaptation ◽  
Long Time

This article discusses one of the main problems of user identification by keyboard handwriting - short-term changes in the keystroke dynamics of users in connection with its psychophysical state, as well as changes over a long time associated with the formation of keystroke dynamics by a new user or when switching to a new device. A method for determining the phase of working capacity by the time characteristics of the keystroke dynamics is proposed.

scholarly journals Mechanisms of short-term and long-term adaptation

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Н.Б. Панкова
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Epigenetic Regulation ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Functional Reserve ◽  
Short Term Adaptation ◽  
Expression Program

В лекции рассмотрены общие представления об адаптации, основанные на классических работах Г. Селье, Ф.З. Меерсона, Н.А. Агаджаняна, а также особенности адаптивного ответа развивающегося организма. Рассмотрены механизмы срочной адаптации как мобилизации функциональных резервов организма. В качестве одного из механизмов долговременной адаптации представлена эпигенетическая регуляция, которая позволяет выбрать и реализовать программу экспрессии генов - в соответствии с этапом онтогенетического развития, или средовым окружением. В качестве ещё одного механизма долговременной адаптации рассмотрено воздействие на генетический материал. Приведены примеры формирования адаптивного ответа организма на физико-химические и климатогеографические стрессорные факторы. Отдельно проанализированы механизмы адаптивного ответа организма детей на факторы образовательной среды. The lecture addresses general ideas about adaptation based on classic studies by H. Selye, F.Z. Meerson, and N.A. Agadzhanyan and features of the adaptive response in a developing body. Mobilization of the functional reserve is considered as a mechanism of short-term adaptation. Epigenetic regulation is presented as one of mechanisms for long-term adaptation, which allows selecting and implementing a gene expression program consistent with the stage of ontogenetic development or the environment. Another mechanism of long-term adaptation is influence on the genome. The lecture provides examples of adaptation to physicochemical and climatic geographical stress factors. Mechanisms of the adaptive response to factors of the educational environment in children are analyzed separately.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document