scholarly journals Long-term C. elegans immobilization enables high resolution developmental studies in vivo

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1359-1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Berger ◽  
Evelyn Lattmann ◽  
Tinri Aegerter-Wilmsen ◽  
Michael Hengartner ◽  
Alex Hajnal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Developmental Processes ◽  
C Elegans

Microfluidics enables the interference free observation of sensitive developmental processes in C. elegans.

scholarly journals Correction: Long-term C. elegans immobilization enables high resolution developmental studies in vivo

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1802-1802
Author(s):  
Simon Berger ◽  
Evelyn Lattmann ◽  
Tinri Aegerter-Wilmsen ◽  
Michael Hengartner ◽  
Alex Hajnal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
C Elegans

Correction for ‘Long-term C. elegans immobilization enables high resolution developmental studies in vivo’ by Simon Berger et al., Lab Chip, 2018, 18, 1359–1368.

scholarly journals Long-Term Test–Retest Reliability of Striatal and Extrastriatal Dopamine D2/3 Receptor Binding: Study with [11C]Raclopride and High-Resolution PET

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1199-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kati Alakurtti ◽  
Jarkko J Johansson ◽  
Juho Joutsa ◽  
Matti Laine ◽  
Lars Bäckman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Binding Potential ◽  
Reference Tissue ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Simplified Reference Tissue Model ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

We measured the long-term test–retest reliability of [11C]raclopride binding in striatal subregions, the thalamus and the cortex using the bolus-plus-infusion method and a high-resolution positron emission scanner. Seven healthy male volunteers underwent two positron emission tomography (PET) [11C]raclopride assessments, with a 5-week retest interval. D2/3 receptor availability was quantified as binding potential using the simplified reference tissue model. Absolute variability (VAR) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values indicated very good reproducibility for the striatum and were 4.5%/0.82, 3.9%/0.83, and 3.9%/0.82, for the caudate nucleus, putamen, and ventral striatum, respectively. Thalamic reliability was also very good, with VAR of 3.7% and ICC of 0.92. Test-retest data for cortical areas showed good to moderate reproducibility (6.1% to 13.1%). Our results are in line with previous test–retest studies of [11C]raclopride binding in the striatum. A novel finding is the relatively low variability of [11C]raclopride binding, providing suggestive evidence that extrastriatal D2/3 binding can be studied in vivo with [11C]raclopride PET to be verified in future studies.

scholarly journals Live-cell vibrational imaging of choline metabolites by stimulated Raman scattering coupled with isotope-based metabolic labeling

The Analyst ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (10) ◽  
pp. 2312-2317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanghao Hu ◽  
Lu Wei ◽  
Chaogu Zheng ◽  
Yihui Shen ◽  
Wei Min
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Stimulated Raman Scattering ◽  
Primary Neurons ◽  
High Resolution Imaging ◽  
Metabolic Labeling ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Resolution Imaging

High-resolution imaging of choline metabolites in living mammalian cells, primary neurons andC. eleganshas been demonstrated with the potential forin vivodisease detection and developmental monitoring.

Long-Term, High-Resolution Imaging in the Neocortex In Vivo

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 (2) ◽  
pp. pdb.prot4902-pdb.prot4902 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. Chen ◽  
J. T. Trachtenberg ◽  
A. J.G.D. Holtmaat ◽  
K. Svoboda
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Imaging ◽  
Resolution Imaging

Caenorhabditis elegans Learning and Memory

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S.H. Wong ◽  
Catharine H. Rankin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Classical Conditioning ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Context Conditioning ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
C Elegans

The nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), is an organism useful for the study of learning and memory at the molecular, cellular, neural circuitry, and behavioral levels. Its genetic tractability, transparency, connectome, and accessibility for in vivo cellular and molecular analyses are a few of the characteristics that make the organism such a powerful system for investigating mechanisms of learning and memory. It is able to learn and remember across many sensory modalities, including mechanosensation, chemosensation, thermosensation, oxygen sensing, and carbon dioxide sensing. C. elegans habituates to mechanosensory stimuli, and shows short-, intermediate-, and long-term memory, and context conditioning for mechanosensory habituation. The organism also displays chemotaxis to various chemicals, such as diacetyl and sodium chloride. This behavior is associated with several forms of learning, including state-dependent learning, classical conditioning, and aversive learning. C. elegans also shows thermotactic learning in which it learns to associate a particular temperature with the presence or absence of food. In addition, both oxygen preference and carbon dioxide avoidance in C. elegans can be altered by experience, indicating that they have memory for the oxygen or carbon dioxide environment they were reared in. Many of the genes found to underlie learning and memory in C. elegans are homologous to genes involved in learning and memory in mammals; two examples are crh-1, which is the C. elegans homolog of the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and glr-1, which encodes an AMPA glutamate receptor subunit. Both of these genes are involved in long-term memory for tap habituation, context conditioning in tap habituation, and chemosensory classical conditioning. C. elegans offers the advantage of having a very small nervous system (302 neurons), thus it is possible to understand what these conserved genes are doing at the level of single identified neurons. As many mechanisms of learning and memory in C. elegans appear to be similar in more complex organisms including humans, research with C. elegans aids our ever-growing understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of learning and memory across the animal kingdom.

scholarly journals Salmonella biofilms program innate immunity for persistence in Caenorhabditis elegans

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (25) ◽  
pp. 12462-12467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuti K. Desai ◽  
Anup Padmanabhan ◽  
Sharvari Harshe ◽  
Ronen Zaidel-Bar ◽  
Linda J. Kenney
Keyword(s):  
Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Heterologous Host ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Parasitic Lifestyle ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Infectious Form

The adaptive in vivo mechanisms underlying the switch in Salmonella enterica lifestyles from the infectious form to a dormant form remain unknown. We employed Caenorhabditis elegans as a heterologous host to understand the temporal dynamics of Salmonella pathogenesis and to identify its lifestyle form in vivo. We discovered that Salmonella exists as sessile aggregates, or in vivo biofilms, in the persistently infected C. elegans gut. In the absence of in vivo biofilms, Salmonella killed the host more rapidly by actively inhibiting innate immune pathways. Regulatory cross-talk between two major Salmonella pathogenicity islands, SPI-1 and SPI-2, was responsible for biofilm-induced changes in host physiology during persistent infection. Thus, biofilm formation is a survival strategy in long-term infections, as prolonging host survival is beneficial for the parasitic lifestyle.

scholarly journals Biodegradable harmonophores for targeted high-resolution in vivo tumor imaging

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Yasin Sonay ◽  
Sine Yaganoglu ◽  
Martina Konantz ◽  
Claire Teulon ◽  
Sandro Sieber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Optical Imaging ◽  
Tumor Imaging ◽  
Second Harmonic ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Imaging Probes

AbstractOptical imaging probes have played a major role in detecting and monitoring of a variety of diseases1. In particular, nonlinear optical imaging probes, such as second harmonic generating (SHG) nanoprobes, hold great promise as clinical contrast agents, as they can be imaged with little background signal and unmatched long-term photostability2. As their chemical composition often includes transition metals, the use of inorganic SHG nanoprobes can raise long-term health concerns. Ideally, contrast agents for biomedical applications should be degraded in vivo without any long-term toxicological consequences to the organism. Here, we developed biodegradable harmonophores (bioharmonophores) that consist of polymer-encapsulated, self-assembling peptides that generate a strong SHG signal. When functionalized with tumor cell surface markers, these reporters can target single cancer cells with high detection sensitivity in zebrafish embryos in vivo. Thus, bioharmonophores will enable an innovative approach to cancer treatment using targeted high-resolution optical imaging for diagnostics and therapy.

scholarly journals High resolution dynamic mapping of the C. elegans intestinal brush border

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurelien Bidaud-Meynard ◽  
Flora Demouchy ◽  
Ophelie Nicolle ◽  
Anne Pacquelet ◽  
Gregoire Michaux
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Mapping Tool ◽  
Nutrient Processing ◽  
Intestinal Brush Border ◽  
Genetic Perturbations

The intestinal brush border is made of an array of microvilli that increases the membrane surface area for nutrient processing, absorption, and host defence. Studies on mammalian cultured epithelial cells uncovered some of the molecular players, structural components and physical constrains required to establish this apical specialized membrane. However, the building and maintenance of a brush border in vivo has not been investigated in detail yet. Here, we combined super-resolution imaging, transmission electron microscopy and genome editing in the developing nematode C. elegans to build a high-resolution and dynamic localization map of known and new markers of the brush border. Notably, we show that microvilli components are dynamically enriched at the apical membrane during microvilli outgrowth and maturation but become highly stable when microvilli are built. This new mapping tool will be instrumental to understand the molecular processes of microvilli growth and maintenance in vivo as well as the effect of genetic perturbations, notably in the context of disorders affecting the brush border integrity.

scholarly journals High resolution dynamic mapping of the C. elegans intestinal brush border

Development ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélien Bidaud-Meynard ◽  
Flora Demouchy ◽  
Ophélie Nicolle ◽  
Anne Pacquelet ◽  
Shashi Kumar Suman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Brush Border ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Super Resolution ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Nutrient Processing ◽  
Intestinal Brush Border ◽  
Genetic Perturbations ◽  
Defense Studies

The intestinal brush border is made of an array of microvilli that increases the membrane surface area for nutrient processing, absorption, and host defense. Studies on mammalian cultured epithelial cells uncovered some of the molecular players and physical constrains required to establish this apical specialized membrane. However, the building and maintenance of a brush border in vivo has not been investigated in detail yet. Here, we combined super-resolution imaging, transmission electron microscopy and genome editing in the developing nematode C. elegans to build a high-resolution and dynamic localization map of known and new brush border markers. Notably, we show that microvilli components are dynamically enriched at the apical membrane during microvilli outgrowth and maturation but become highly stable once microvilli are built. This new toolbox will be instrumental to understand the molecular processes of microvilli growth and maintenance in vivo as well as the effect of genetic perturbations, notably in the context of disorders affecting brush border integrity.

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