Progress in the understanding of the pathology of allergic asthma and the potential of fruit proanthocyanidins as modulators of airway inflammation

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 4315-4324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara L. Coleman ◽  
Odette M. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Immune Cells

The potential of fruit proanthocyanidins to modulate airway inflammation through interactions with immune cells and the microbiome.

scholarly journals 2215

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 3-3
Author(s):  
Timothy P. Moran ◽  
Robert M. Immormino ◽  
Hideki Nakano ◽  
David Peden ◽  
Donald N. Cook
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Allergic Airway Inflammation ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Deficient Mice

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: Allergic asthma is a chronic lung disease driven by inappropriate inflammatory responses against inhaled allergens. Neuropilin-2 (NRP2) is a pleiotropic transmembrane receptor expressed in the lung, but its role in allergic airway inflammation is unknown. Here, we characterized NRP2 expression in lung immune cells and investigated the effects of NRP2 deficiency on airway inflammation. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: NRP2 expression by lung immune cells from NRP2 reporter mice was determined by flow cytometry. NRP2 expression by human alveolar macrophages (AM) from healthy individuals was determined by mRNA analysis and flow cytometry. Airway inflammation in NRP2-deficient mice was assessed by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cytology and inflammatory gene expression in lung tissue. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: NRP2 expression in lung immune cells was negligible under steady-state conditions. In contrast, inhalational exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) adjuvant dramatically induced NRP2 expression in AM, as 63.3% of AM from LPS-treated mice were NRP2+ compared with 1.5% of AM from control mice. Ex vivo treatment of human AM with LPS resulted in a 1.5-fold and 2.6-fold increase in NRP2 mRNA and surface protein expression, respectively. Compared to littermate controls, NRP2-deficient mice had greater numbers of BAL leukocytes and increased lung expression of the T helper type 2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-5. Furthermore, NRP2 deficiency resulted in stochastic development of allergic airway inflammation, as spontaneous airway eosinophilia was detected in 25% (2/8) of NRP2-deficient mice compared with 0% (0/8) of littermate controls. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: NRP2 is expressed by activated human and murine AM and suppresses the spontaneous development of allergic airway inflammation. These findings suggest that NRP2 may play a key role in allergic asthma pathogenesis, and could prove to be an important therapeutic target in patients with asthma and other allergic diseases.

The contribution of neurotrophins to the pathogenesis of allergic asthma

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Rochlitzer ◽  
C. Nassenstein ◽  
A. Braun
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Airway Remodelling ◽  
Neuron Development ◽  
Neurotrophin 3 ◽  
Asthma Patients ◽  
Characteristic Features

The neurotrophins nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, NT-3 (neurotrophin 3) and NT-4 are known for regulating neuron development, function and survival. Beyond this, neurotrophins were found to exert multiple effects on non-neuronal cells such as immune cells, smooth muscle and epithelial cells. In allergic asthma, airway inflammation, airway obstruction, AHR (airway hyperresponsiveness) and airway remodelling are characteristic features, indicating an intensive interaction between neuronal, structural and immune cells in the lung. In allergic asthma patients, elevated neurotrophin levels in the blood and locally in the lung are commonly observed. Additionally, structural cells of the lung and immune cells, present in the lung during airway inflammation, were shown to be capable of neurotrophin production. A functional relationship between neurotrophins and the main features of asthma was revealed, as airway obstruction, airway inflammation, AHR and airway remodelling were all shown to be stimulated by neurotrophins. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview of neurotrophin sources and target cells in the lung, concerning their possible role as mediators between structural cells, immune cells and neurons, connecting the different features of allergic asthma.

scholarly journals Dual role of the miR‐146 family in rhinovirus‐induced airway inflammation and allergic asthma exacerbation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anet Laanesoo ◽  
Egon Urgard ◽  
Kapilraj Periyasamy ◽  
Martti Laan ◽  
Yury A. Bochkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Asthma Exacerbation ◽  
Dual Role

scholarly journals The C5a/C5aR1 axis controls the development of experimental allergic asthma independent of LysM-expressing pulmonary immune cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. e0184956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna V. Wiese ◽  
Fanny Ender ◽  
Katharina M. Quell ◽  
Konstantina Antoniou ◽  
Tillman Vollbrandt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Experimental Allergic Asthma ◽  
Experimental Allergic

scholarly journals Competitive swimmers with allergic asthma show a mixed type of airway inflammation

2008 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1139-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Moreira ◽  
L. Delgado ◽  
C. Palmares ◽  
C. Lopes ◽  
T. Jacinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Mixed Type ◽  
Competitive Swimmers

scholarly journals Ionotropic and Metabotropic Proton-Sensing Receptors Involved in Airway Inflammation in Allergic Asthma

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruka Aoki ◽  
Chihiro Mogi ◽  
Fumikazu Okajima
Keyword(s):  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽  
Airway Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid ◽  
Acidic Ph ◽  
Airway Responses ◽  
G Protein Coupled

An acidic microenvironment has been shown to evoke a variety of airway responses, including cough, bronchoconstriction, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lung, and stimulation of mucus hyperproduction. Except for the participation of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) and acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) in severe acidic pH (of less than 6.0)-induced cough and bronchoconstriction through sensory neurons, the molecular mechanisms underlying extracellular acidic pH-induced actions in the airways have not been fully understood. Recent studies have revealed that ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1 (OGR1)-family G protein-coupled receptors, which sense pH of more than 6.0, are expressed in structural cells, such as airway smooth muscle cells and epithelial cells, and in inflammatory and immune cells, such as eosinophils and dendritic cells. They function in a variety of airway responses related to the pathophysiology of inflammatory diseases, including allergic asthma. In the present review, we discuss the roles of ionotropic TRPV1 and ASICs and metabotropic OGR1-family G protein-coupled receptors in the airway inflammation and AHR in asthma and respiratory diseases.

scholarly journals Cannabidiol reduces airway inflammation and fibrosis in experimental allergic asthma

2019 ◽  
Vol 843 ◽  
pp. 251-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francieli Vuolo ◽  
Soraia C. Abreu ◽  
Monique Michels ◽  
Débora G. Xisto ◽  
Natália G. Blanco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Experimental Allergic Asthma ◽  
Experimental Allergic

scholarly journals Protective effects of combined Mycobacterium bovis BCG and interleukin-12 vaccination on airway inflammation in a murine model of allergic asthma

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Ke ◽  
Jiangju Huang ◽  
Quan Chen ◽  
Suling Hong ◽  
Daoyin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Asthma ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Immunoglobulin E ◽  
Allergic Airway Inflammation ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Th2 Response ◽  
Bcg Vaccination ◽  
Th2 Responses

Purpose. Allergic asthma is characterized by chronic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness driven by allergen-specific T helper (Th)2 cells. Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination has been documented to suppress Th2 responses and allergic airway inflammation in animal models. Since interleukin (IL)-12 is capable of inhibiting Th2 responses, we sought to investigate whether IL-12 could function as an adjuvant to increase the efficacy of BCG vaccination against allergic asthma. Methods. BALB/c neonatal mice (24 mice, 48-72 h old) were randomly divided into 3 subgroups (n = 8 for each group) to be immunized with PBS (control) or BCG with or without DNA plasmid-expressing IL-12. All of the mice were then sensitized and provoked with ovalbumin (OVA) to establish a model of allergic asthma. Results. Mice vaccinated with BCG alone showed a significant reduction in airway inflammation, percentage of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and serum OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels in comparison with control animals. The suppressive effects of BCG were substantially augmented by the combination with IL-12. Furthermore, a decreased IL-4 and increased interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) production in BAL fluid were observed in animals inoculated with BCG alone or with IL-12 relative to control animals. Conclusion. Our data indicate that the combined vaccination with BCG and IL-12 yields a favorable outcome in prevention of experimental allergic airway inflammation, which is likely mediated through triggering a shift from a Th2 response to a Th1 response.

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