Investigation of mechanisms involved in postprandial glycemia and insulinemia attenuation with dietary fibre consumption

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2142-2154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Repin ◽  
Brittney A. Kay ◽  
Steve W. Cui ◽  
Amanda J. Wright ◽  
Alison M. Duncan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Postprandial Glycemia ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fibre

This work examines the mechanisms involved in the attenuation of postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses associated with soluble dietary fibre (SDF) consumption.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary fibre and tannins from apple pulp on the composition of faeces in rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Bravo ◽  
F. Saura-Calixto ◽  
I. Goni
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fibre ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Cross Links ◽  
Faecal Weight

The present study was undertaken to explore the effect of apple pulp on weight and composition of faeces. This material is rich in dietary fibre (DF;620 g dry matter/kg) and contains appreciable amounts of polyphenols. Recent reports indicate that both condensed tannins (CT) and soluble polyphenols form cross-links with protein and inhibit digestive enzymes, affecting the protein digestibility, and may produce a stimulation of endogenous nitrogen excretion. Two groups of male Wistar rats were fed on either a control diet free of DF or a diet containing 100 g apple pulp DF/kg during 7 d after a 4 d adaptation period. Body-weight and food intake were monitored daily and faeces and urine were collected once daily. DF, water content and polyphenolic compounds were measured in faeces, and N content in both faeces and urine. Faecal weight increased in the fibre group by 280 and 240% when compared with wet and dry faecal weights of animals fed on the fibre-free diet. Soluble dietary fibre (SDF) excreted in faeces was 10.9% of the SDF ingested, which suggested a low resistance to fermentation of this fraction. Of the insoluble DF, 43% of the ingested fibre was fermented. Polyphenols were degraded in the intestinal tract. Of the ingested CT, 68.6% was recovered in faeces, while the soluble polyphenols were extensively degraded (85.7% of that ingested). On the other hand, a higher faecal N excretion was observed for the fibre-fed group, suggesting a decrease in the digestibility of the dietary protein and lower apparent digestibility and N balance indices.

scholarly journals Production and characterisation of alcohol-insoluble dietary fibre as a potential sourcefor functional carbohydrates produced by enzymatic depolymerisation of buckwheat hulls

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 449-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.J. Im ◽  
K.Y. Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Soluble Fibre ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fibre ◽  
Commercial Enzymes ◽  
Insoluble Dietary Fibre

We examined the potential use of buckwheat hulls as a raw material for producing soluble dietary fibre. The insoluble fibre fraction obtained from buckwheat hulls was hydrolysed by two commercial enzymes (Celluclast 1.5L for the cellulose fraction and Viscozyme L for the hemicellulose fraction) to obtain soluble fibre hydrolysates. Alcohol-insoluble dietary fibre (AIF) was separated from the freeze-dried soluble hydrolysate by treatment with 85% ethanol. The water-holding, oil-binding, and swelling capacities of AIF were increased by enzymatic hydrolysis. AIF had significantly (P < 0.05) higher functional properties than the control. AIF from the hemicellulose fraction effectively hindered the diffusion of glucose and bile acid from dialysis membranes, and had a significantly (P < 0.05) greater bile acid inhibitory effect than carboxymethylcellulose or pectin. It can be concluded that AIF from buckwheat hulls by enzymatic hydrolysis can used as dietary supplement and additive in the food industry.

Nutritional and nutraceutical aspects of KAMUT® khorasan wheat grown during the last two decades

2017 ◽  
Vol 155 (6) ◽  
pp. 954-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. DI LORETO ◽  
R. DI SILVESTRO ◽  
G. DINELLI ◽  
V. BREGOLA ◽  
V. STENICO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Primary And Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fibre ◽  
Insoluble Dietary Fibre ◽  
Organic Farming Systems ◽  
Wheat Kernels

SUMMARYRecently, organic farming systems have attracted the attention of consumers because of their low environmental impact. Organic agriculture is a valid alternative to conventional farming and ancient wheat, such as KAMUT® khorasan wheat (T. turgidum ssp. turanicum), has emerged as an industry leader for its nutritional and functional properties (anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and prebiotic).The aim of the present study was to evaluate environmental effects on the quality of KAMUT® khorasan grains harvested in the last two decades (1989–2012) on one farm in Montana (USA), through the evaluation of phytochemical accumulation. Results revealed high variability in the amounts of macronutrients and nutraceuticals. In particular, from 1989 to 2012, there was a decreasing trend in starch content (ranging from 70·87 to 50·54/100 g) and amylose (from 41·48 to 31·46% of total starch) with a slight increase of insoluble dietary fibre (from 12·14 to 17·75/100 g). The soluble dietary fibre content varied among the years of cultivation even if the general trend remained constant (4·57–2·82/100 g). High variability of total polyphenols content was observed with the free soluble fraction present at lower levels than bound polyphenols (BP). Moreover, an inverse correlation between free and BP was observed. The results obtained in the present study show that the influence of environmental conditions plays a fundamental role in the accumulation of primary and secondary metabolites in wheat kernels and strongly modulate the nutritional and nutraceutical value of flour.

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