Adsorption and decomposition of dimethyl methylphosphonate on size-selected (MoO3)3 clusters

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 4840-4850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Tang ◽  
Zachary Hicks ◽  
Linjie Wang ◽  
Gerd Ganteför ◽  
Kit H. Bowen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molybdenum Oxide ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agent ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Dimethyl Methylphosphonate

The adsorption and decomposition of dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), a chemical warfare agent (CWA) simulant, on size-selected molybdenum oxide trimer clusters, i.e. (MoO3)3, was studied both experimentally and theoretically.

scholarly journals Vapor Selectivity of a Natural Photonic Crystal to Binary and Tertiary Mixtures Containing Chemical Warfare Agent Simulants

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Kittle ◽  
Benjamin Fisher ◽  
Courtney Kunselman ◽  
Aimee Morey ◽  
Andrea Abel
Keyword(s):  
Photonic Crystals ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agent ◽  
Nerve Agent ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Mustard Gas ◽  
Dimethyl Methylphosphonate ◽  
Vapor Sensing ◽  
Sensitivity Level ◽  
Vapor Mixtures ◽  
Wing Scales

Vapor sensing via light reflected from photonic crystals has been increasingly studied as a means to rapidly identify analytes, though few studies have characterized vapor mixtures or chemical warfare agent simulants via this technique. In this work, light reflected from the natural photonic crystals found within the wing scales of the Morpho didius butterfly was analyzed after exposure to binary and tertiary mixtures containing dimethyl methylphosphonate, a nerve agent simulant, and dichloropentane, a mustard gas simulant. Distinguishable spectra were generated with concentrations tested as low as 30 ppm and 60 ppm for dimethyl methylphosphonate and dichloropentane, respectively. Individual vapors, as well as mixtures, yielded unique responses over a range of concentrations, though the response of binary and tertiary mixtures was not always found to be additive. Thus, while selective and sensitive to vapor mixtures containing chemical warfare agent simulants, this technique presents challenges to identifying these simulants at a sensitivity level appropriate for their toxicity.

Detection of organophosphorus compounds using a surface acoustic wave array sensor based on supramolecular self-assembling imprinted films

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 2206-2214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Pan ◽  
Tengxiao Guo ◽  
Genwei Zhang ◽  
Junchao Yang ◽  
Liu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Surface Acoustic Wave ◽  
Tributyl Phosphate ◽  
Organophosphorus Compounds ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agent ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Dimethyl Methylphosphonate ◽  
Array Sensor ◽  
Self Assembling

In this study, diisopropyl methylphosphonate (DIMP), tributyl phosphate (TBP), and dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) were selected as organophosphorus chemical warfare agent (CWA) simulants.

scholarly journals Chitosan-Derived Porous Activated Carbon for the Removal of the Chemical Warfare Agent Simulant Dimethyl Methylphosphonate

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu ◽  
Son ◽  
Yoo ◽  
Cha ◽  
Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agent ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Dimethyl Methylphosphonate ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Porous Activated Carbon

Methods for the rapid removal of chemical warfare agents are of critical importance. In this work, a porous activated carbon material (C-PAC) was prepared from chitosan flakes via single-step potassium carbonate (K2CO3) activation for the prompt adsorption of dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP). C-PAC samples were prepared using different carbonization temperatures (350, 550, and 750 °C) at a constant K2CO3/chitosan ratio (1:2) and using different activator ratios (K2CO3/chitosan ratios of 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3) at 750 °C. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of preparation conditions on the adsorption capacities of the various C-PAC materials for DMMP under ambient conditions (25 °C). Notably, for the C-PAC material prepared at 750 °C using a K2CO3/chitosan ratio of 1:2, the DMMP adsorption was saturated at approximately 412 mg·g−1 carbon after 48 h. The good performance of this material makes it a potential candidate for use in remedial applications or protective gear.

Heat Exchange During Encapsulation in a Chemical Warfare Agent Protective Patient Wrap in Four Hot Environments

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lou A. Stephenson ◽  
Margaret A. Kolka ◽  
Anne E. Allan ◽  
William R. Santee
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agent ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Hot Environments

Evaluation of Silver-Exchanged Zeolites Under Development by University of Maine for Chemical Warfare Agent Decontamination Applications

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark D. Brickhouse ◽  
Teri A. Lalain ◽  
Terrence G. D'Onofrio ◽  
Lawrence R. Procell ◽  
Zachary B. Zander
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Warfare Agent ◽  
Chemical Warfare

Optimization of quantum-dot light source and detection of the simulants of chemical warfare agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
pp. 110935
Author(s):  
Suhui Wang ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Genwei Zhang ◽  
Tengxiao Guo ◽  
Xuequan Ding
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dot ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agent ◽  
Chemical Warfare

scholarly journals Acid is a potential interferent in fluorescent sensing of chemical warfare agent vapors

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengqiang Fan ◽  
Genevieve H. Dennison ◽  
Nicholas FitzGerald ◽  
Paul L. Burn ◽  
Ian R. Gentle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agent ◽  
Chemical Warfare ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Fluorescent Sensing ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Sensing Material ◽  
Fluorescence Change ◽  
Warfare Agents

AbstractA common feature of fluorescent sensing materials for detecting chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and simulants is the presence of nitrogen-based groups designed to nucleophilically displace a phosphorus atom substituent, with the reaction causing a measurable fluorescence change. However, such groups are also basic and so sensitive to acid. In this study we show it is critical to disentangle the response of a candidate sensing material to acid and CWA simulant. We report that pyridyl-containing sensing materials designed to react with a CWA gave a strong and rapid increase in fluorescence when exposed to Sarin, which is known to contain hydrofluoric acid. However, when tested against acid-free diethylchlorophosphate and di-iso-propylfluorophosphate, simulants typically used for evaluating novel G-series CWA sensors, there was no change in the fluorescence. In contrast, simulants that had been stored or tested under a standard laboratory conditions all led to strong changes in fluorescence, due to acid impurities. Thus the results provide strong evidence that care needs to be taken when interpreting the results of fluorescence-based solid-state sensing studies of G-series CWAs and their simulants. There are also implications for the application of these pyridyl-based fluorescence and other nucleophilic/basic sensing systems to real-world CWA detection.

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