scholarly journals On the role of topology in regulating transcriptional cascades

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (36) ◽  
pp. 25168-25179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahan Ghafari ◽  
Alireza Mashaghi
Keyword(s):  
Response Profile ◽  
Signal Response ◽  
Topology Of Interactions ◽  
Transcriptional Cascades

Topology of interactions in a transcriptional cascade determines the behavior of its signal-response profile and the activation states of genes.

scholarly journals PROGRESS IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES: Advances in the Management of Low-Grade Gliomas

2005 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren P. Mason
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Optimal Timing ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Low Grade Gliomas ◽  
Response Profile ◽  
History Of ◽  
Evidence Based Guidelines ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Extensive Surgery

The management of low-grade gliomas represents one of the most challenging and controversial areas in neuro-oncology. Many aspects of the treatment of low-grade gliomas are debated, including the optimal timing of surgery and radiotherapy, the benefit of extensive surgery, and the impact of these variables on the natural history of these indolent and generally incurable tumours. The recently published results of several large multicentre trials addressing the timing and dose of radiotherapy have provided solid evidence for delayed and reduced dose irradiation. These studies have also confirmed prognostic variables that can be used to guide management of individual patients. Among these variables is the observation that tumours with oligodendroglial features have a better natural history and response profile. The recognition that as many as two thirds of low-grade gliomas have oligodendroglial features, advances in molecular diagnostics making accurate pathologic diagnosis of oligodendroglial tumours possible, and the established chemosensitivity of malignant oligodendrogliomas, have raised new issues surrounding the potential value of chemotherapy for low-grade gliomas. This review will be restricted to low-grade diffuse astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, and low-grade mixed oligoastrocytomas in adults, and provide evidence-based guidelines for the management of these tumours, including the emerging role of chemotherapy as initial treatment.

scholarly journals Gestalts at threshold could reveal Gestalts as predictions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Leiros Costa ◽  
Johan Wagemans
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Processing ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Visual Neurons ◽  
Chance Performance ◽  
Response Profile ◽  
Early Visual Cortex ◽  
Feedback Connections ◽  
And Control ◽  
Contrast Response

AbstractWe review and revisit the predictive processing inspired “Gestalts as predictions” hypothesis. The study of Gestalt phenomena at and below threshold can help clarify the role of higher-order object selective areas and feedback connections in mid-level vision. In two psychophysical experiments assessing manipulations of contrast and configurality we showed that: (1) Gestalt phenomena are robust against saliency manipulations across the psychometric function even below threshold (with the accuracy gains and higher saliency associated with Gestalts being present even around chance performance); and (2) peak differences between Gestalt and control conditions happened around the time where responses to Gestalts are starting to saturate (mimicking the differential contrast response profile of striate vs. extra-striate visual neurons). In addition, Gestalts are associated with steeper psychometric functions in all experiments. We propose that these results reflect the differential engagement of object-selective areas in Gestalt phenomena and of information- or percept-based processing, as opposed to energy- or stimulus-based processing, more generally. In addition, the presence of nonlinearities in the psychometric functions suggest differential top-down modulation of the early visual cortex. We treat this as a proof of principle study, illustrating that classic psychophysics can help assess possible involvement of hierarchical predictive processing in Gestalt phenomena.

scholarly journals Late-Relapsing Hepatitis after Yellow Fever

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Maurício Rezende ◽  
Leonardo Soares Pereira ◽  
Jordana Rodrigues Barbosa Fradico ◽  
Marcelo Antônio Pascoal Xavier ◽  
Pedro Augusto Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Yellow Fever ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Viral Persistence ◽  
Response Profile ◽  
Liver Transaminases ◽  
Hepatic Cytolysis

One patient presented hyporexia, asthenia, adynamia, and jaundice two months after acute yellow fever (YF) onset; plus laboratory tests indicating hepatic cytolysis and a rebound of alanine and aspartate transaminases, and total and direct bilirubin levels. Laboratory tests discarded autoimmune hepatitis, inflammatory or metabolic liver disease, and new infections caused by hepatotropic agents. Anti-YFV IgM, IgG and neutralizing antibodies were detected in different times, but no viremia. A liver biopsy was collected three months after YF onset and tested positive for YFV antigens and wild-type YFV-RNA (364 RNA-copies/gram/liver). Transaminases and bilirubin levels remained elevated for five months, and the arresting of symptoms persisted for six months after the acute YF onset. Several serum chemokines, cytokines, and growth factors were measured. A similar immune response profile was observed in the earlier phases of the disease, followed by more pronounced changes in the later stages, when transaminases levels returned to normal. The results indicated viral persistence in the liver and continual liver cell damage three months after YF onset and reinforced the need for extended follow-ups of YF patients. Further studies to investigate the role of possible viral persistence and the immune response causing relapsing hepatitis following YF are also necessary.

scholarly journals Understanding the dynamics of scaffold-mediated signaling

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Suderman ◽  
Addison Schauer ◽  
Eric J. Deeds
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Therapeutic Intervention ◽  
Scaffold Proteins ◽  
Signaling Networks ◽  
Network Behavior ◽  
Dynamical Models ◽  
Signal Response ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nucleation Point

AbstractMany signaling networks involve scaffold proteins that bind multiple kinases in kinase cascades. While scaffolds play a fundamental role in regulating signaling, few hypotheses regarding their function have been rigorously examined. Here, we used dynamical models of scaffold signaling to investigate the impact scaffolds have on network behavior. We considered two paradigms of scaffold assembly: as either the nucleation point for assembly of discrete multi-subunit proteins (the machine paradigm) or a platform upon which kinases independently associate (the ensemble paradigm). We found that several well-accepted hypotheses regarding the role of scaffolds in regulating signal response either do not hold or depend critically on the assembly paradigm employed. In addition to providing novel insights into the function of scaffold proteins, our work suggests experiments that could distinguish between assembly paradigms. Our findings should also inform attempts to target scaffold proteins for therapeutic intervention and the design of scaffolds for synthetic biology.

Penyesuaian Sosial Berdasarkan Adversity Quotient pada Mahasiswa Rantau

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Yuliezar Perwira Dara ◽  
Sayidah Hilmi Dewi ◽  
Faizah Faizah ◽  
Ulifa Rahma
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
First Year ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Response Profile ◽  
Student Adaptation ◽  
Adaptation To College

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of the adversity quotient on social adjustment among students who are migrating from their home regions to the Malang City, East Java, for studying at universities. The sample was 164 students who are in the first year of their studies. Data were collected using Adversity Response Profile (ARP) and Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ) and are analyzed using simple linear regression. The result showed that there is positive correlation between adversity quotient and social adjustment among the participants. It can be concluded from this study that the participants’ adversity quotient can affect their social adjustment. The increase of adversity quotient will predict better social adjustment.Keywords: Adversity quotient, migrating students, social adjustment.Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran adversity quotient pada mahasiswa luar kota dalam membentuk penyesuaian sosial. Subjek penelitian adalah 164 mahasiswa perantauan yang menjalani studi mereka pada tahun pertama di Malang, Jawa Timur. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui skala Adversity Response Profile (ARP) dan Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ). Data dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi positif antara adversity quotient dengan penyesuaian sosial pada mahasiswa rantau yang sedang kuliah pada tahun pertamanya. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa adversity quotient pada partisipan dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan penyesuaian sosial mereka. Peningkatan adversity quotient  dapat memprediksi penyesuaian sosial yang lebih baik.

Transcriptional cascades during spermatogenesis: pivotal role of CREM and ACT

2001 ◽  
Vol 179 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Maria Fimia ◽  
Aurore Morlon ◽  
Betina Macho ◽  
Dario De Cesare ◽  
Paolo Sassone-Corsi
Keyword(s):  
Pivotal Role ◽  
Transcriptional Cascades

Identification for Chaos and Subharmonic Responses in Coupled Forced Duffing's Oscillators

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-D. Jeng ◽  
Y. Kang ◽  
Y.-P. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Oscillators ◽  
High Order ◽  
Quantitative Characterization ◽  
Section Method ◽  
Sampling Points ◽  
Integral Quantity ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Signal Response

ABSTRACTIn this paper, a response integral quantity method is proposed. This technique provides a quantitative characterization of system responses and can assist the role of the traditional stroboscopic technique (Poincaré section method) in observing bifurcations and chaos of the nonlinear oscillators. We numerically analyze and identify the chaos and subharmonic responses in the forced coupled Duffing's oscillators in which we find that chaotic behaviors and high-order subharmonic responses exist. Due to the signal response contamination of system, it is difficult to identify the high-order responses of the subharmonic motion because of the sampling points on Poincaré map being very close to each other. Even the system responses are subject to misjudgments. The simulation results, however, show that the highorder subharmonic and chaotic responses and their bifurcations can be observed effectively.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor
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