Quantification of isomerically summed hydrocarbon contributions to crude oil by carbon number, double bond equivalent, and aromaticity using gas chromatography with tunable vacuum ultraviolet ionization

The Analyst ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
pp. 1396-1405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy A. Nowak ◽  
Robert J. Weber ◽  
Allen H. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Vacuum Ultraviolet ◽  
Carbon Number

GC × GC with tunable vacuum ultraviolet photoionization distinguishes and isomerically quantifies aliphatic and aromatic fractions of crude oil hydrocarbon classes.

scholarly journals Correction: Quantification of isomerically summed hydrocarbon contributions to crude oil by carbon number, double bond equivalent, and aromaticity using gas chromatography with tunable vacuum ultraviolet ionization

The Analyst ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (12) ◽  
pp. 3898-3898
Author(s):  
Jeremy A. Nowak ◽  
Robert J. Weber ◽  
Allen H. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Vacuum Ultraviolet ◽  
Carbon Number

Correction for ‘Quantification of isomerically summed hydrocarbon contributions to crude oil by carbon number, double bond equivalent, and aromaticity using gas chromatography with tunable vacuum ultraviolet ionization’ by Jeremy A. Nowak et al., Analyst, 2018, 143, 1396–1405.

scholarly journals Experimental Measurements of Wax Precipitation Using a Modified Method of Simultaneous Centrifugation and High-Temperature Gas Chromatography

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 7035
Author(s):  
Huishu Liu ◽  
Jimiao Duan ◽  
Jiang Li ◽  
Hao Yan ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Carbon Number ◽  
Wax Precipitation ◽  
Carbon Number Distribution ◽  
Waxy Oil ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Wax Crystals ◽  
High Temperature Gas

Wax precipitation and deposition are serious flow assurance problems. Wax precipitation is investigated simultaneously using centrifugation and high-temperature gas chromatography (C-HTGC) to obtain the amount and component distribution of precipitated wax in artificial waxy oil and diesel at different temperatures. However, the conventional C-HTGC method gives upper measurements of the amount of precipitated wax, as it ignores wax dissolved in crude oil in the centrifugal cake. A modified C-HTGC method was developed to obtain the precipitated solid fraction of crude oil, based on the mass balances of the non-crystallized fraction of the centrifuged cake. The weight, percent and carbon number distribution of precipitated solid wax crystals at different temperatures of artificial oil and 0# diesel were obtained. It was found that wax precipitation characteristics are affected by many factors, including the carbon number distribution of the oil, the sensitivity of alkane crystallization to temperature and the temperature of the waxy oil solution. The average carbon number of alkanes in precipitated wax crystals decreases with the decrease in temperature. The distribution of alkanes in solid wax crystals is roughly the same as that in 0# diesel but slightly heavier than in diesel. Alkanes with high carbon numbers precipitate simultaneously with those with low carbon numbers.

AN ATTEMPT TO STUDY COMPLEX FORMATION BETWEEN 1,3,5-TRINITROBENZENE AND OLEFINS BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 2410-2416 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Cvetanovié ◽  
F. J. Duncan ◽  
W. E. Falconer
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Double Bond ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Carbon Number ◽  
Molecular Iodine ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Steric Effects ◽  
Chromatographic Technique ◽  
Structural Isomers

An attempt has been made to study complex formation between 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) and olefins by a gas chromatographic technique. A particular interpretation of the data indicates that the TNB – olefin complexes exhibit progressive increases in stability with increasing double-bond substitution. Steric effects are less pronounced than for olefin complexes with silver nitrate or molecular iodine. Olefins are well separated by carbon number, and differences in retention times among the structural isomers of each molecular weight are sufficiently characteristic to provide a basis for assigning major structural features.

scholarly journals Comparing Crude Oils with Different API Gravities on a Molecular Level Using Mass Spectrometric Analysis. Part 1: Whole Crude Oil

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jandyson Santos ◽  
Alberto Wisniewski Jr. ◽  
Marcos Eberlin ◽  
Wolfgang Schrader
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Carbon Number ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Ft Icr Ms ◽  
Ft Icr

Different ionization techniques based on different principles have been applied for the direct mass spectrometric (MS) analysis of crude oils providing composition profiles. Such profiles have been used to infer a number of crude oil properties. We have tested the ability of two major atmospheric pressure ionization techniques, electrospray ionization (ESI(±)) and atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI(+)), in conjunction with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). The ultrahigh resolution and accuracy measurements of FT-ICR MS allow for the correlation of mass spectrometric (MS) data with crude oil American Petroleum Institute (API) gravities, which is a major quality parameter used to guide crude oil refining, and represents a value of the density of a crude oil. The double bond equivalent (DBE) distribution as a function of the classes of constituents, as well as the carbon numbers as measured by the carbon number distributions, were examined to correlate the API gravities of heavy, medium, and light crude oils with molecular FT-ICR MS data. An aromaticity tendency was found to directly correlate the FT-ICR MS data with API gravities, regardless of the ionization technique used. This means that an analysis on the molecular level can explain the differences between a heavy and a light crude oil on the basis of the aromaticity of the compounds in different classes. This tendency of FT-ICR MS with all three techniques, namely, ESI(+), ESI(−), and APPI(+), indicates that the molecular composition of the constituents of crude oils is directly associated with API gravity.

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