scholarly journals Unlocking the potential of amorphous red phosphorus films as a long-term stable negative electrode for lithium batteries

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1925-1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandrasekar M. Subramaniyam ◽  
Zhixin Tai ◽  
Nasir Mahmood ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Hua Kun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Batteries ◽  
Lithium Battery ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Red Phosphorus ◽  
Sonication Technique ◽  
Battery Anode

Amorphous red phosphorus films (NS-RP) synthesized by a high energy sonication technique delivered a reversible capacity of 2137 mA h g−1 when used as a sole active lithium battery anode.

scholarly journals S-containing and Si-containing compounds as highly effective electrolyte additives for SiOx -based anodes/NCM 811 cathodes in lithium ion cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuqiang An ◽  
Hongliang Zhao ◽  
Weinan Zhou ◽  
Yonghong Ma ◽  
Ping Li
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Solid Electrolyte Interphase ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Full Cell

Abstract Recently, high-energy density cells containing nickel-rich cathodes and silicon-based anodes have become a practical solution for increasing the driving range of electric vehicles. However, their long-term durability and storage performance is comparatively poor because of the unstable cathode-electrolyte-interphase (CEI) of the high-reactivity cathode and the continuous solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) growth. In this work, we study several electrolyte systems consisting of various additives, such as S-containing (1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide (DTD), DTD + prop-1-ene-1,3-sultone (PES), methylene methanedisulfonate (MMDS)) and Si-containing (tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphate (TTSP) and tris(trimethylsilyl) borate (TMSB)) compounds, in comparison to the baseline electrolyte (BL = 1.0 M LiPF6 + 3:5:2 w-w:w EC: EMC: DEC + 0.5 wt% lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiDFOB) + 2 wt% lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) + 2 wt% fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) + 1 wt% 1,3-propane sultone (PS)). Generally, electrolytes with Si-containing additives, particularly BL + 0.5% TTSP, show a lower impedance increase in the full cell, better beginning-of-life (BOL) performance, less reversible capacity loss through long-term cycles and better storage at elevated temperatures than do electrolytes with S-containing additives. On the contrary, electrolytes with S-containing additives exhibit the advantage of low SEI impedance but yield a worse performance in the full cell than do those with Si-containing additives. The difference between two types of additives is attributed to the distinct function of the electrodes, which is characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which was performed on full cells and half cells with fresh and harvested electrodes.

scholarly journals Research on the Heat Dissipation Characteristics of Lithium Battery Spatial Layout in an AUV

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Zhaoyong Mao ◽  
Shaokun Yan
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Batteries ◽  
Lithium Battery ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Spatial Layout ◽  
Heat Transfer Process ◽  
Conservation Equation ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Energy Conservation Equation

To meet the power demand requirements of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), the power supply is generally composed of a large number of high-energy lithium battery groups. The lithium battery heat dissipation properties not only affect the underwater vehicle performance but also bring some security risks. Based on the widespread application of lithium batteries, lithium batteries in an AUV are taken as an example to investigate the heat dissipation characteristics of the lithium battery spatial layout in an AUV. With the aim of increasing the safety of lithium batteries, a model is developed for the heat transfer process based on the energy conservation equation, and the battery heat dissipation characteristics of the spatial layout are analyzed. The results indicate that the most suitable distance between the cells and the cross arrangement is better than the sequence arrangement in terms of cooling characteristics. The temperature gradient and the temperature change inside the cabin with time are primarily affected by the navigation speed, but they have little relationship with the environmental temperature.

A novel route to prepare N-graphene/SnO2 composite as a high-performance anode for lithium batteries

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (30) ◽  
pp. 10206-10212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuang Liang ◽  
Zhi-Wei Zhao ◽  
Xiao Zhou ◽  
An-Wu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Batteries ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Lithium Battery ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Nitrogen Doped ◽  
Nitrogen Doped Graphene ◽  
Doped Graphene ◽  
Battery Anode

In this study, we report a simple method to prepare nitrogen-doped graphene, with which a nitrogen-doped graphene/SnO2 composite was successfully fabricated and employed as a lithium battery anode.

scholarly journals Extremely Pure Mg2FeH6 as a Negative Electrode for Lithium Batteries

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Brutti ◽  
Luca Farina ◽  
Francesco Trequattrini ◽  
Oriele Palumbo ◽  
Priscilla Reale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Batteries ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Conversion Reaction ◽  
Lithium Cell

Nanocrystalline samples of Mg-Fe-H were synthesized by mixing of MgH2 and Fe in a 2:1 molar ratio by hand grinding (MIX) or by reactive ball milling (RBM) in a high-pressure vial. Hydrogenation procedures were performed at various temperatures in order to promote the full conversion to Mg2FeH6. Pure Mg2FeH6 was obtained only for the RBM material cycled at 485 °C. This extremely pure Mg2FeH6 sample was investigated as an anode for lithium batteries. The reversible electrochemical lithium incorporation and de-incorporation reactions were analyzed in view of thermodynamic evaluations, potentiodynamic cycling with galvanostatic acceleration (PCGA), and ex situ X-ray Diffraction (XRD) tests. The Mg2FeH6 phase underwent a conversion reaction; the Mg metal produced in this reaction was alloyed upon further reduction. The back conversion reaction in a lithium cell was here demonstrated for the first time in a stoichiometric extremely pure Mg2FeH6 phase: the reversibility of the overall conversion process was only partial with an overall coulombic yield of 17% under quasi-thermodynamic control. Ex situ XRD analysis highlighted that the material after a full discharge/charge in a lithium cell was strongly amorphized. Under galvanostatic cycling at C/20, C/5 and 1 C, the Mg2FeH6 electrodes were able to supply a reversible capacity with increasing coulombic efficiency and decreasing specific capacity as the current rate increased.

scholarly journals Newly Design Porous/Sponge Red Phosphorus@Graphene and Highly Conductive Ni2P Electrode for Asymmetric Solid State Supercapacitive Device With Excellent Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazish Parveen ◽  
Muhammad Hilal ◽  
Jeong In Han
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Red Phosphorus ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Step Method

AbstractSupercapacitors have attracted much attention in the field of electrochemical energy storage. However, material preparation, stability, performance as well as power density limit their applications in many fields. Herein, a sponge-like red phosphorus@graphene (rP@rGO) negative electrode and a Ni2P positive electrode were prepared using a simple one-step method. Both electrodes showed excellent performances (294 F g−1 and 1526.6 F g−1 for rP@rGO and Ni2P, respectively), which seem to be the highest among all rP@rGO- and Ni2P-based electrodes reported so far. The asymmetric solid-state supercapacitor was assembled by sandwiching a gel electrolyte-soaked cellulose paper between rP@rGO and Ni2P as the negative and positive electrodes. Compared to other asymmetric devices, the device, which attained a high operating window of up to 1.6 V, showed high energy and power density values of 41.66 and 1200 W kg−1, respectively. It also has an excellent cyclic stability up to 88% after various consecutive charge/discharge tests. Additionally, the device could power commercial light emitting diodes and fans for 30 s. So, the ease of the synthesis method and excellent performance of the prepared electrode materials mat have significant potential for energy storage applications.

scholarly journals Hierarchical Mg-Birnessite Nanowall Arrays with Enriched (010) Planes for High Performance Aqueous Mg-Ion Batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengyi Shi ◽  
Liang Xue ◽  
Jianghua Wu ◽  
Qiubo Guo ◽  
Qiuying Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Negative Electrode ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Dimensional Growth ◽  
Mg Content ◽  
Aqueous Batteries ◽  
A Current

Abstract Birnessite MnO2 is a promising cathode material for aqueous Mg-ion batteries due to its layered structure with large interlayer distance. However, the two-dimensional growth mode of birnessite induces nanosheet morphology with preferred growth of inactive (001) planes with sluggish ion transport kinetics. In this work, a high Mg content birnessite with hierarchical nanowall arrays morphology is prepared by in situ electro-conversion using spinel Mn3O4 nanowall arrays. The electro-conversion Mg-birnessite (ECMB) nanowall arrays are assembled by ultrasmall nanosheets with reduced (001) planes but increased active (010) planes, affording enriched open intercalation channels and shortened Mg2+ diffusion length. Consequently, the ECMB cathode exhibits a large specific reversible capacity of about 255.1 mAh/g at a current density of 200 mA/g, and outstanding cycling stability with 73.6% capacity retention after 3000 cycles. Finally, a 2.2 V aqueous full cell is constructed by using ECMB as positive electrode and polyimide as negative electrode, which achieves a high energy density of 65.2 Wh/kg at a power density of 96 W/kg. This work demonstrates effective crystal plane modulation for Mg-birnessite to achieve superior Mg2+ storage in aqueous batteries.

1554: 6 Year Long Term Clinical and Urodynamical Outcome and Retreatment Rates of High Energy Transurethral Microwave Thermotherapy: Multicenter European Pooled Analysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 410-410
Author(s):  
Christian Seitz ◽  
Bob Djavan ◽  
Michael Dobrovits ◽  
Matthias Waldert ◽  
Saeid Alavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Transurethral Microwave Thermotherapy

Efficient Co-Harvesting of Solar Energy and Low-Grade Heat by Molecular Photoswitches for High Energy Density, Long-Term Stable Solar Thermal Battery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Battery ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.

Efficient Co-Harvesting of Solar Energy and Low-Grade Heat by Molecular Photoswitches for High Energy Density, Long-Term Stable Solar Thermal Battery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao-Yang Zhang ◽  
Tao LI
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Thermal Battery ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Solar energy and ambient heat are two inexhaustible energy sources for addressing the global challenge of energy and sustainability. Solar thermal battery based on molecular switches that can store solar energy and release it as heat has recently attracted great interest, but its development is severely limited by both low energy density and short storage stability. On the other hand, the efficient recovery and upgrading of low-grade heat, especially that of the ambient heat, has been a great challenge. Here we report that solar energy and ambient heat can be simultaneously harvested and stored, which is enabled by room-temperature photochemical crystal-to-liquid transitions of small-molecule photoswitches. The two forms of energy are released together to produce high-temperature heat during the reverse photochemical phase change. This strategy, combined with molecular design, provides high energy density of 320-370 J/g and long-term storage stability (half-life of about 3 months). On this basis, we fabricate high-performance, flexible film devices of solar thermal battery, which can be readily recharged at room temperature with good cycling ability, show fast rate of heat release, and produce high-temperature heat that is >20<sup> o</sup>C higher than the ambient temperature. Our work opens up a new avenue to harvest ambient heat, and demonstrate a feasible strategy to develop high-performance solar thermal battery.

scholarly journals In-Situ Annealed Ti3C2Tx MXene Based All-Solid-State Flexible Zn-Ion Hybrid Micro Supercapacitor Array with Enhanced Stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
La Li ◽  
Weijia Liu ◽  
Kai Jiang ◽  
Di Chen ◽  
Fengyu Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
High Rate ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Electrochemical Performances ◽  
Integrated Electronics ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Hybrid Supercapacitors ◽  
Portable Electronics

AbstractZn-ion hybrid supercapacitors (SCs) are considered as promising energy storage owing to their high energy density compared to traditional SCs. How to realize the miniaturization, patterning, and flexibility of the Zn-ion SCs without affecting the electrochemical performances has special meanings for expanding their applications in wearable integrated electronics. Ti3C2Tx cathode with outstanding conductivity, unique lamellar structure and good mechanical flexibility has been demonstrated tremendous potential in the design of Zn-ion SCs, but achieving long cycling stability and high rate stability is still big challenges. Here, we proposed a facile laser writing approach to fabricate patterned Ti3C2Tx-based Zn-ion micro-supercapacitors (MSCs), followed by the in-situ anneal treatment of the assembled MSCs to improve the long-term stability, which exhibits 80% of the capacitance retention even after 50,000 charge/discharge cycles and superior rate stability. The influence of the cathode thickness on the electrochemical performance of the MSCs is also studied. When the thickness reaches 0.851 µm the maximum areal capacitance of 72.02 mF cm−2 at scan rate of 10 mV s−1, which is 1.77 times higher than that with a thickness of 0.329 µm (35.6 mF cm−2). Moreover, the fabricated Ti3C2Tx based Zn-ion MSCs have excellent flexibility, a digital timer can be driven by the single device even under bending state, a flexible LED displayer of “TiC” logo also can be easily lighted by the MSC arrays under twisting, crimping, and winding conditions, demonstrating the scalable fabrication and application of the fabricated MSCs in portable electronics.

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