Carboxyl-containing microporous organic nanotube networks as a platform for Pd catalysts

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (46) ◽  
pp. 39933-39939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Xu ◽  
Tianqi Wang ◽  
Zidong He ◽  
Aiqing Zhong ◽  
Kun Huang
Keyword(s):  
High Activity ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Pd Catalyst ◽  
Pd Catalysts ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
First Time

A novel method that enables carboxyl-containing microporous organic nanotube networks as a Pd catalyst support (Pd@MONNs) with high activity and stability for the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction is reported for the first time.

scholarly journals Preparation of a magnetic and recyclable superparamagnetic silica support with a boronic acid group for immobilizing Pd catalysts and its applications in Suzuki reactions

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (53) ◽  
pp. 33692-33702
Author(s):  
Assefa Aschenaki ◽  
Fangfang Ren ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Wenqing Zheng ◽  
Qianyi Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Boronic Acid ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Pd Catalyst ◽  
Silica Support ◽  
Pd Catalysts ◽  
Suzuki Reactions

A novel, high activity and magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4@SiO2-APBA-Pd) catalyst was prepared. It is 8–15 nm with 0.2–0.6 nm Pd particles. It can be reused 7 runs and catalyze 14 kinds of Suzuki reactions.

MgO: an excellent catalyst support for CO oxidative coupling to dimethyl oxalate

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 1925-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-Yan Peng ◽  
Zhong-Ning Xu ◽  
Qing-Song Chen ◽  
Zhi-Qiao Wang ◽  
Yumin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Activity ◽  
Oxidative Coupling ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Pd Catalysts ◽  
Dimethyl Oxalate

We firstly found that basic MgO can serve as an excellent support for Pd catalysts for CO oxidative coupling to DMO and further developed a low Pd loading (ca. 0.5 wt%) Pd/MgO catalyst with high activity, selectivity and stability.

Iridium-Catalyzed Silylation of C-H bonds in Unactivated Arenes: A Sterically-Encumbered Phenanthroline Ligand Accelerates Catalysis Enabling New Reactivity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caleb Karmel ◽  
Zhewei Chen ◽  
John Hartwig
Keyword(s):  
High Activity ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Activity Analysis ◽  
High Reactivity ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Phen Ligand ◽  
Mechanistic Studies ◽  
Phenanthroline Ligand ◽  
First Time ◽  
New System

We report a new system for the silylation of aryl C-H bonds. The combination of [Ir(cod)(OMe)]<sub>2</sub> and 2,9-Me<sub>2</sub>-phenanthroline (2,9-Me<sub>2</sub>phen) catalyzes the silylation of arenes at lower temperatures and with faster rates than those reported previously, when the hydrogen byproduct is removed, and with high functional group tolerance and regioselectivity. Inhibition of reactions by the H<sub>2</sub> byproduct is shown to limit the silylation of aryl C-H bonds in the presence of the most active catalysts, thereby masking their high activity. Analysis of initial rates uncovered the high reactivity of the catalyst containing the sterically hindered 2,9-Me<sub>2</sub>phen ligand but accompanying rapid inhibition by hydrogen. With this catalyst, under a flow of nitrogen to remove hydrogen, electron-rich arenes, including those containing sensitive functional groups, undergo silylation in high yield for the first time, and arenes that underwent silylation with prior catalysts react over much shorter times with lower catalyst loadings. The synthetic value of this methodology is demonstrated by the preparation of key intermediates in the synthesis of medicinally important compounds in concise sequences comprising silylation and functionalization. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that the cleavage of the aryl C-H bond is reversible and that the higher rates observed with the 2,9-Me<sub>2</sub>phen ligand is due to a more thermodynamically favorable oxidative addition of aryl C-H bonds.

Organic Reactivity Control by Means of Neighboring Groups and Organometallics. A Personal Account

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Kočovský
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metals ◽  
Cyclopropane Ring ◽  
Allylic Substitutions ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Cardioactive Drug ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Metal Catalyzed ◽  
Electrophilic Additions ◽  
Near Future ◽  
First Time

This review summarizes the main topics of our research and covers the period of the last 15 years. The prime interest is focused on various ways of controlling the regio- and stereoselectivity of selected organic reactions, in particular electrophilic additions, cleavage of cyclopropane rings, and allylic substitutions by means of neighboring groups and/or transition and non-transition metals. In the first part, the factors governing the course of electrophilic additions are assessed, culminating in the formulation of selection rules for the reactivity of cyclohexene systems, and in a concise synthesis of the natural cardioactive drug, strophanthidin. These studies also contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of electrophilic additions. The second part describes recent developments in the stereo- and regiocontrolled cleavage of cyclopropane rings by non-transition metals (Tl and Hg), and the reactivity and transmetalation (with Pd) of the primary products. This methodology has resulted in novel routes to unique polycyclic structures, and will have synthetic applications in the near future. Evidence for the stereospecific "corner" cleavage of the cyclopropane ring has been provided for the first time for Tl and later for Hg. The third part deals with transition metal-catalyzed allylic substitution. Evidence for a new "syn" mechanism for the formation of the intermediate (π-allyl)palladium complex has been provided, which runs counter to the generally accepted "anti" mechanism. A novel method for a Pd-catalyzed allylic oxidation has been developed and employed in the synthesis of natural sesquiterpenes. The increasing importance of transition and non-transition metals for synthetic organic chemistry is demonstrated by their unique reactivity in a number of the papers included in this review.

Ionized AGN outflows are less powerful than assumed: A multi-wavelength census of outflows in type II AGN

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (S356) ◽  
pp. 225-225
Author(s):  
Dalya Baron
Keyword(s):  
Optical Emission ◽  
Infrared Emission ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Ionized Gas ◽  
Kinetic Coupling ◽  
Mass Outflow ◽  
Multi Wavelength ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ionization Parameter

AbstractIn this talk I will show that multi-wavelength observations can provide novel constraints on the properties of ionized gas outflows in AGN. I will present evidence that the infrared emission in active galaxies includes a contribution from dust which is mixed with the outflow and is heated by the AGN. We detect this infrared component in thousands of AGN for the first time, and use it to constrain the outflow location. By combining this with optical emission lines, we constrain the mass outflow rates and energetics in a sample of 234 type II AGN, the largest such sample to date. The key ingredient of our new outflow measurements is a novel method to estimate the electron density using the ionization parameter and location of the flow. The inferred electron densities, ∼104.5 cm−3, are two orders of magnitude larger than found in most other cases of ionized outflows. We argue that the discrepancy is due to the fact that the commonly-used [SII]-based method underestimates the true density by a large factor. As a result, the inferred mass outflow rates and kinetic coupling efficiencies are 1–2 orders of magnitude lower than previous estimates, and 3–4 orders of magnitude lower than the typical requirement in hydrodynamic cosmological simulations. These results have significant implications for the relative importance of ionized outflows feedback in this population.

Graphite/UPE Nanocomposite: Transport, Thermal, Mechanical and Viscoelastic Properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 201-212
Author(s):  
Shivkumari Panda ◽  
Dibakar Behera ◽  
Tapan Kumar Bastia
Keyword(s):  
Transport Properties ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric ◽  
New Class ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Water Transport Properties ◽  
First Time

This chapter presents the preparation and characterization of some unique properties of nanocomposites by dispersing graphite flakes in commercial unsaturated polyester (UPE) matrix. The composite was prepared by a novel method with the use of solvent swelling technique. Three different specimens of UPE/graphite nanocomposites were fabricated with addition of 1, 2 and 3 wt% of graphite flakes. Except mechanical, viscoelastic and thermo gravimetric properties, transport properties like electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and water transport properties were studied for the first time. Graphite flakes propose enhanced properties to the composites suggesting homogeneous distribution of the nanofiller in the matrix and strong interaction with the matrix. 2wt% nanofiller loading showed superior essential characteristics and after that the properties reduced may be due to the nucleating tendency of the nanofiller particles. The XRD pattern showed the compatibility of the graphite flakes by introducing a peak around 26.550 in the nanocomposites. SEM Properties are also in agreement with the compatibility. Nanocomposite with 2wt% graphite also showed remarkable enhancement in transport, mechanical, viscoelastic and thermo gravimetric properties. So by introduction of a small quantity of graphite endow the new class of multiphase nanocomposites with inimitable structure and tremendous application.

scholarly journals Precision measurements on oxygen formation in stellar helium burning with gamma-ray beams and a Time Projection Chamber

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Smith ◽  
Moshe Gai ◽  
Sarah Stern ◽  
Deran Schweitzer ◽  
Mohammad Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Time Projection Chamber ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Nuclear Reactions ◽  
Angular Distributions ◽  
Helium Burning ◽  
Low Energies ◽  
Important Input ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Time Projection ◽  
First Time

Abstract Stellar Evolution theory relies on our knowledge of nuclear reactions, with the carbon/oxygen (C/O) ratio, at the end of helium burning, being the single most important input. However, the C/O ratio is still not known with sufficient accuracy, due to large uncertainties in the cross section for the fusion of helium with 12C to form 16O, denoted as the 12C(α,γ)16O reaction. We present initial results at moderately low energies using a novel method, which is significantly different from the experimental efforts of the past four decades. Precise angular distributions of the 12C(α,γ)16O reaction were obtained by measuring the inverse 16O(γ,α)12C reaction with gamma-beams and a Time Projection Chamber detector. These allowed us to measure, for the first time, the interference angle of the l = 1 and 2 partial waves contributing to this reaction (φ12), which agrees with predictions based on the unitarity of the scattering matrix.

scholarly journals Enantioselective Transesterification of Allyl Alcohols with (E)-4-Arylbut-3-en-2-ol Motif by Immobilized Lecitase™ Ultra

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 798
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Leśniarek ◽  
Anna Chojnacka ◽  
Radosław Drozd ◽  
Magdalena Szymańska ◽  
Witold Gładkowski
Keyword(s):  
High Activity ◽  
Cyanogen Bromide ◽  
Kinetic Resolution ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Subsequent Reaction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Allyl Alcohols ◽  
Reaction Cycles ◽  
Acyl Donors ◽  
First Time

Lecitase™ Ultra was immobilized on four different supports and tested for the first time as the biocatalyst in the kinetic resolution of racemic allyl alcohols with the (E)-4-arylbut-3-en-2-ol system in the process of transesterification. The most effective biocatalyst turned out to be the enzyme immobilized on agarose activated with cyanogen bromide (LU-CNBr). The best results (E > 200, ees and eep = 95–99%) were obtained for (E)-4-phenylbut-3-en-2-ol and its analog with a 2,5-dimethylphenyl ring whereas the lowest ee of kinetic resolution products (90%) was achieved for the substrate with a 4-methoxyphenyl substituent. For all substrates, (R)-enantiomers were esterified faster than their (S)-antipodes. The results showed that LU-CNBr is a versatile biocatalyst, showing high activity and enantioselectivity in a wide range of organic solvents in the presence of commonly used acyl donors. High operational stability of LU-CNBr allows it to be reused in three subsequent reaction cycles without negative effects on the efficiency and enantioselectivity of transesterification. This biocatalyst can become attractive to the commercial lipases in the process of the kinetic resolution of allyl alcohols.

scholarly journals A Novel Method for the Quantification of Quinic Acid in Food Using Stable Isotope Dilution Analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 730-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Erk ◽  
Hannah Bergmann ◽  
Elke Richling
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Quinic Acid ◽  
Isotope Dilution Analysis ◽  
Red Wines ◽  
Stable Isotope Dilution Analysis ◽  
Selective Method ◽  
Stable Isotope Dilution ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
First Time

Abstract Organic acids play an important role in the flavor and taste of plant-derived foods. Quinic acid (QA) is one of the major acids. In the past, several methods like HPLC/UV, GC, and capillary electrophoresis were used for identification and quantification of QA. For the first time, a novel, sensitive, and selective method for the quantification of QA in food using stable isotope dilution analysis with HPLC/MS/MS has been established. Uniformly labeled 13C-QA was used as a standard to reduce sample preparations and to overcome matrix and ionization effects. The method was used to determine the QA content of red wines, instant coffees, and cloudy apple juices. QA contents of instant coffees were 64.4 and 63.6 g/kg powder. The concentrations in red wines were 24.0 and 25.1 mg/L, and 1493.3 and 1705.2 mg/L in cloudy apple juices.

Three-dimensional crumpled graphene as an electro-catalyst support for formic acid electro-oxidation

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 4587-4591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhou ◽  
Xian-Chao Hu ◽  
Qizhe Fan ◽  
He-Rui Wen
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Pd Catalyst ◽  
Support Material ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Excellent Activity ◽  
Electro Oxidation ◽  
Crumpled Graphene

Three-dimensional crumpled graphene (PRGO) was synthesized from graphene oxide (GO) solution by the spay drying method and employed as the support material for the Pd catalyst. Compared with the commercial Pd/C and Pd/RGO catalysts, the as-prepared Pd/PRGO catalyst exhibits excellent activity and stability towards formic acid electrooxidation.

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