Fish embryo toxicity assessment of o-dianisidine in Clarias gariepinus and its electrochemical treatment in aquatic samples using super conductive carbon black

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (55) ◽  
pp. 50255-50266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sundaram Sornambikai ◽  
Lim Qing Hin ◽  
Kasi Marimuthu ◽  
Mohammed Rafiq Abdul Kadir
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Electrochemical Treatment ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Embryo ◽  
Conductive Carbon Black ◽  
Embryo Toxicity ◽  
Electro Oxidation ◽  
First Time

The present study tested fish embryo toxicity (FET) of o-dianisidine (o-dian) on African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and its electrochemical treatment through electro-oxidation of real aquatic samples for the first time.

Reactivity of carbon black diamond electrode during the electro-oxidation of Remazol Brilliant Blue R

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 3690-3699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Ajeel ◽  
Mohamed Kheireddine Taeib Aroua ◽  
Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Brilliant Blue ◽  
Remazol Brilliant Blue R ◽  
Diamond Electrode ◽  
Electro Oxidation ◽  
First Time

This article reports for the first time, the reactivity of Carbon Black Diamond (CBD) electrode using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance techniques in 0.25 M H2SO4 solution containing 0.5 mM K4Fe(CN)6.

scholarly journals Investigation of some aspects of the Neuro-Morphometry of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
I. L Usende
Keyword(s):  
Optic Tectum ◽  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The brain is one of the most important organs, as it controls numerous bodily functions. Due to its crucial regulatory roles, the nervous system of fishes and especially the brain needs more research. Catfish (order Siluriformes or Nematognathi) are ray finned fish, named for their prominent whiskers (barbels), which resembles the whisker of a cat. The Nigerian cultured catfish (Clarias gariepinus) have small eyes and wide mouths, which suggest low dependence on vision, nocturnal activity, and predatory habits. Herein, we describe the gross morphology and morphometrics of the brain of Clarias gariepinus. Five apparently healthy adult catfish (Clarias gariepinus) without sex differences were used. Cranial nerves and spinal cord were severed as the brain case was removed, after which all the morphological descriptions were done. Ten morphometric parameters were also measured. The generated data were graphically illustrated with scatterplot and biplot, as well; the regression analysis showing the stepwise fit for the prediction of the brain weight from other measured parameters was also presented. The olfactory bulb is large, somewhat rounded and rostral. The cerebellumin all examined brain was the largest structure of the brain with a cerebellar length and width of 1.16±0.11 cm and 0.82±0.03, respectively. The optic tectum, lobusvagi, lobusfacialis and eminentiagranularis were also well developed but small in size. Although, the behavior of the catfish (Clarias gariepinus) is still unknown, the relative proportion of the cerebellum, optic tectum, eminentiagranularis, lobusfacialis and lobusvagi, might be related to carnivory and an enhanced capacity for food selection in this species. In conclusion, the report herein has helped to provide useful information for the first time on morphology of the brains of Clarias gariepinus cultured in Nigeria, for understanding of the neurobehaviour and habits of this species.

scholarly journals Use of swan mussel (Anodonta cygnea (Linne, 1758)) as a feed additive for african catfish (Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822))

2021 ◽  
pp. 112-122
Author(s):  
A. Kurbanov ◽  
◽  
S. Kim ◽  
N. Titova ◽  
Sh. Karabaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Mixed Feed ◽  
Anodonta Cygnea ◽  
Feed Production ◽  
First Time ◽  
Experimental Group

Purpose. Uzbekistan aquaculture has a huge deficit of balanced feed. In a case of feed production from local ingredients, the problem is the lack of stable source of animal protein. The purpose of this experiment was to find out how swan mussel Anodonta used as a feed additive for African catfish will affect fish growth. Methodology. Minced Anodonta was prepared as follow: mussels were collected from the bottom of ponds after fish harvesting; the collected mussels were kept in the separate aquarium; every day several mussels were taken out, their shells were opened and muscle parts were separated the (mostly mussel leg); then the separated muscle were kept for disinfection in KMnO4 solution of low concentration during 20 min and then crushed to a minced state. Feed was given to African catfish according to a special scheme at the rate of 7% of the fish weight. The control group did not receive the minced mussels and fish were fed with carp feeds.The mixed feed in the experimental group #1 consisted of 50% carp feed and 50% minced mussel. In the experimental group #2, African catfish were fed with minced mussels only. Findings. The experiment showed the clear advantage of feed containing 50% of minced clams and 50% of carp feed. The African catfish fed with this feed significantly overtook fish from the control group in weight because this feed turned out to be either the most balanced in composition or better absorbed by catfish. In the control group, the 100% mixed feed gave an increase of 83.8% in weight and 20.5% in length; in the experimental group #1, the feed (50% mixed feed : 50% minced mussel) gave an increase of 136% in weight and 31.1% in length; at the experiment #2 (100% minced mussel), the feed gave an increase of 95.5% and 20.1% in length. Originality. For the first time the swan mussel was used as a source of animal protein for African catfish.This experiment was conducted for the first time, and it was also found for the first time that the addition of minced swan mussel to the feed of African catfish contributed to a significant weight gain compared to the conventional feed:52.5% more compared to conventional feed and 40.5% more compared to pure minced swan mussel. Practical value. Aquaculturenow is in search of source of animal proteinin connection with growing global deficit of a high quality fishmeal for fish feed production. Use of bivalve mollusks Anodonta, which are also a pest in pond farms, is promising feed for obtaining physiologically determined weight gains. Key words: aquaculture, Africaт catfish (Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)), feed, animal protein, plant protein, water quality, swan mussel (Anodonta cygnea (Linne, 1758)), weight gain.

Stages in the early and larval development of the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Teleostei, Clariidae)

Zygote ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wasiu Adekunle Olaniyi ◽  
Ofelia Galman Omitogun
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Exogenous Feeding ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Yolk Absorption ◽  
First Time ◽  
Fast Growth Rate ◽  
Perivitelline Membrane

SummaryThe African catfish Clarias gariepinus Burchell 1822 is a favourite aquaculture fish in many parts of Africa and Asia because of its hardiness and fast growth rate. In this study, early, post-embryonic and larval developmental stages of C. gariepinus were examined chronologically and described. Photomicrographs of unfertilized matured oocytes from 0 min of fertilization through all cell stages to alevin, to complete yolk absorption, to free swimming larval stages are shown and documented live from lateral and top views, with the aid of a light microscope. Extruded oocytes had a mean diameter of 1 ± 0.1 mm, and possessed a thin perivitelline membrane whose space was filled with a protoplasmic layer. Heartbeat was in the range of 115–160/min prior to hatching. Hatchability rate was 85% and hatching occurred at 17 h at a controlled temperature of 28.5 ± 0.5°C, while ontogeny of the eyes and other organs were discernible. At day 4, larvae mean length was 9.3 ± 0.5 mm, exogenous feeding had commenced fully and melanophores spread cephalocaudally but were concentrated significantly on the head parts. This paper, for the first time, presents the significant chronological developmental stages of C. gariepinus embryology that will have significant implications for genetic manipulation and catfish seed production for aquaculture.

EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI BAWANG PUTIH (Allium sativum L) SEBAGAI PENGAWET ALAMI PADA IKAN LELE DUMBO (Clarias gariephinus) SEGAR

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Dyah Anggraeni ◽  
Nurlela Nurlela
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Garlic Extract ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Natural Preservatives ◽  
Colony Counter

Background: Natural preservatives are compounds produced by natural ingredients that can suppress bacterial growth and development. Natural preservatives are carried out because most of the preservatives circulating are chemicals and unsafe for the body. One of the natural preservatives is by using garlic extract (Allium sativum L).  Objective: This study is aimed to determine the effectiveness of the antibacterial garlic (Allium sativum L) as a natural preservative in fresh African catfish (Clarias gariepinus).  Method: This research used the Pour Plate iroculation method. African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) which is soaked with garlic (Allium sativum L) with a concentration of 7%, 14% and 21% for 30 minutes, then the fish will be kept at room temperature with a storage period of 24 hours and 48 hours and calculated growth in bacterial numbers with the Colony counter.  Result: Based on the research result, it was found that garlic extract (Allium sativum L) can obstruct the effectiveness of antibacterial in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) at a concentration of 14%.

PEMBEKUAN SEMEN LELE DUMBO (Clarias Gariepinus BURCHELL 1822) SEBAGAI MODEL KRIOPRESERVASI SEMEN IKAN

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lutfi Lutfi
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Nitrogen Vapor ◽  
Dmso Concentration ◽  
Freezing Temperatures ◽  
Vapor Liquid

<p><em>Effect of four types of diluents</em><em>s</em><em> and four concentration of DMSO (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%) against the motility of African catfish sperm were evaluated after storage at freezing temperatures. </em><em>The steps in preparation the 16 treatments combination of the diluents</em><em> </em><em>are </em><em>preparation of diluents, mixing </em><em>diluents </em><em>with DMSO, packing </em><em>of semen </em><em>in</em><em>to</em><em> 0.3-ml straw, equilibration of </em><em>semen </em><em>at 4 °C for 30 minutes, freezing </em><em>of </em><em>semen in nitrogen vapor liquid </em><em>at </em><em>a height of 6.5 cm for 10 minutes</em><em>,</em><em> and subsequent</em><em>ly</em><em> storage of </em><em>semen </em><em>in liquid nitrogen (-196</em><em> <sup>0</sup></em><em>C) for further analy</em><em>sis</em><em> </em><em>of </em><em>post-thawing motility (PTM). </em><em>The result showed that t</em><em>he highest level of motility of spermatozoa </em><em>was </em><em>in </em><em>treatment </em><em>P</em><em><sub>1</sub></em><em>D</em><em><sub>15 </sub></em><em>(45.7 ± 4.3%) and the lowest </em><em>was </em><em>in </em><em>treatment </em><em>P<sub>2</sub>D<sub>20</sub> (14.5 ± 13.2%). The best diluent </em><em>in </em><em>this observation </em><em>was </em><em>diluents containing NaCl, KCl, CaCl<sub>2</sub> and NaHCO<sub>3</sub>. The best concentration </em><em>was </em><em>DMSO 15%. While the best interaction between the concentration of DMSO diluents is P<sub>1</sub>D<sub>15</sub> treatments containing NaCl, KCl, CaCl <sub>2</sub> and NaHCO<sub>3</sub> with a combination of 15% DMSO concentration. </em><em>The </em><em>conclusion </em><em>of the research is that </em><em>diluents containing NaCl, KCl, CaCl<sub>2</sub> and NaHCO<sub>3</sub> with a combination of 15% DMSO concentration</em><em> can be used in </em><em>cryopreservation of African catfish semen</em><em>.</em></p>

Vitamin E as antioxidant in female african catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to chronic toxicity of atrazine

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadia Kadry ◽  
Afnan Amer ◽  
Mohamed Marzouk ◽  
Magdy Hanna ◽  
Amal Azmy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish
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