A microfluidic cell-trapping device for single-cell tracking of host–microbe interactions

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3276-3285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu J. Delincé ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Bureau ◽  
Ana Teresa López-Jiménez ◽  
Pierre Cosson ◽  
Thierry Soldati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Cell Tracking ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Cell Trapping ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions ◽  
Trapping Device

We present a cell-trapping microfluidic device (“InfectChip”) to study the interaction of bacterial pathogens with motile host cells.

A microfluidic device enabling deterministic single cell trapping and release

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huichao Chai ◽  
Yongxiang Feng ◽  
Fei Liang ◽  
Wenhui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Cell Isolation ◽  
Cell Trapping ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Single Cell Trapping ◽  
Single Cell Isolation ◽  
Made In

Successful single-cell isolation is a pivotal technique for subsequent biological and chemical analysis of single cells. Although significant advances have been made in single-cell isolation and analysis techniques, most passive...

scholarly journals A Cell Atlas of Microbe-Responsive Processes in the Zebrafish Intestine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reegan J. Willms ◽  
Jennifer C. Hocking ◽  
Edan Foley
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Activity ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cellular Heterogeneity ◽  
Host Responses ◽  
Cellular Specificity ◽  
Direct Growth ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions

ABSTRACTGut microbial products direct growth, differentiation and development in the animal host. Disruptions to host-microbe interactions have profound health consequences, that include onset of chronic inflammatory illnesses. However, we lack system-wide understanding of cell-specific responses to the microbiome. We profiled transcriptional activity in individual cells from the intestine, and associated tissue, of zebrafish larvae that we raised in the presence, or absence, of a microbiome. We uncovered extensive cellular heterogeneity in the conventional zebrafish intestinal epithelium, including previously undescribed cell types with known mammalian homologs. By comparing conventional to germ-free profiles, we mapped microbial impacts on transcriptional activity in each cell population. We revealed intricate degrees of cellular specificity in host responses to the microbiome, that included regulatory effects on patterning, metabolic and immune activity. For example, we showed that removal of microbes hindered transduction of vascular endothelial growth factor-dependent signals in the developing vasculature, resulting in impaired intestinal vascularization. Our work provides a high-resolution atlas of intestinal cellular composition in the developing fish gut and details the effects of the microbiome on each cell type.

scholarly journals Spatial metabolomics of in situ, host-microbe interactions

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benedikt K Geier ◽  
Emilia Sogin ◽  
Dolma Michellod ◽  
Moritz Janda ◽  
Mario Kompauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Interactions ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Mass Spectrometry

Spatial metabolomics describes the location and chemistry of small molecules involved in metabolic phenotypes, defense molecules and chemical interactions in natural communities. Most current techniques are unable to spatially link the genotype and metabolic phenotype of microorganisms in situ at a scale relevant to microbial interactions. Here, we present a spatial metabolomics pipeline (metaFISH) that combines fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) microscopy and high-resolution atmospheric pressure mass spectrometry imaging (AP-MALDI-MSI) to image host-microbe symbioses and their metabolic interactions. metaFISH aligns and integrates metabolite and fluorescent images at the micrometer-scale for a spatial assignment of host and symbiont metabolites on the same tissue section. To illustrate the advantages of metaFISH, we mapped the spatial metabolome of a deep-sea mussel and its intracellular symbiotic bacteria at the scale of individual epithelial host cells. Our analytical pipeline revealed metabolic adaptations of the epithelial cells to the intracellular symbionts, a variation in metabolic phenotypes in one symbiont type, and novel symbiosis metabolites. metaFISH provides a culture-independent approach to link metabolic phenotypes to community members in situ - a powerful tool for microbiologists across fields.

scholarly journals Parameter Screening in Microfluidics Based Hydrodynamic Single-Cell Trapping

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Deng ◽  
X. F. Li ◽  
D. Y. Chen ◽  
L. D. You ◽  
J. B. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Single Cell Analysis ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Cell Analysis ◽  
Cell Trapping ◽  
Micro Channels ◽  
Single Cell Trapping ◽  
Trapping Sites

Microfluidic cell-based arraying technology is widely used in the field of single-cell analysis. However, among developed devices, there is a compromise between cellular loading efficiencies and trapped cell densities, which deserves further analysis and optimization. To address this issue, the cell trapping efficiency of a microfluidic device with two parallel micro channels interconnected with cellular trapping sites was studied in this paper. By regulating channel inlet and outlet status, the microfluidic trapping structure can mimic key functioning units of previously reported devices. Numerical simulations were used to model this cellular trapping structure, quantifying the effects of channel on/off status and trapping structure geometries on the cellular trapping efficiency. Furthermore, the microfluidic device was fabricated based on conventional microfabrication and the cellular trapping efficiency was quantified in experiments. Experimental results showed that, besides geometry parameters, cellular travelling velocities and sizes also affected the single-cell trapping efficiency. By fine tuning parameters, more than 95% of trapping sites were taken by individual cells. This study may lay foundation in further studies of single-cell positioning in microfluidics and push forward the study of single-cell analysis.

5PM1-C-1 Measurement of Trapping Efficiency of a Cell Trapping Device Fabricated by Single-Mask Multidirectional Photolithography

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013.5 (0) ◽  
pp. 25-26
Author(s):  
Hayato Nishizaki ◽  
Taisuke Fukuda ◽  
Kyohei Terao ◽  
Hidekuni Takao ◽  
Fumikazu Oohira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trapping Efficiency ◽  
Cell Trapping ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Trapping Device

scholarly journals Perspectives on Remorin Proteins, Membrane Rafts, and Their Role During Plant–Microbe Interactions

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris K. Jarsch ◽  
Thomas Ott
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Membrane Microdomains ◽  
Membrane Rafts ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions ◽  
Molecular Patterns

Invasion of host cells by pathogenic or mutualistic microbes requires complex molecular dialogues that often determine host survival. Although several components of the underlying signaling cascades have recently been identified and characterized, our understanding of proteins that facilitate signal transduction or assemble signaling complexes is rather sparse. Our knowledge of plant-specific remorin proteins, annotated as proteins with unknown function, has recently advanced with respect to their involvement in host–microbe interactions. Current data demonstrating that a remorin protein restricts viral movement in tomato leaves and the importance of a symbiosis-specific remorin for bacterial infection of root nodules suggest that these proteins may serve such regulatory functions. Direct interactions of other remorins with a resistance protein in Arabidopsis thaliana, and differential phosphorylation upon perception of microbial-associated molecular patterns and during expression of bacterial effector proteins, strongly underline their roles in plant defense. Furthermore, the specific subcellular localization of remorins in plasma membrane microdomains now provides the opportunity to visualize membrane rafts in living plants cells. There, remorins may oligomerize and act as scaffold proteins during early signaling events. This review summarizes current knowledge of this protein family and the potential roles of remorins in membrane rafts.

scholarly journals Glycans in Virus-Host Interactions: A Structural Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel L. Miller ◽  
Thomas Clark ◽  
Rahul Raman ◽  
Ram Sasisekharan
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Host Immune System ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Viral Glycoproteins ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Structural Perspective

Many interactions between microbes and their hosts are driven or influenced by glycans, whose heterogeneous and difficult to characterize structures have led to an underappreciation of their role in these interactions compared to protein-based interactions. Glycans decorate microbe glycoproteins to enhance attachment and fusion to host cells, provide stability, and evade the host immune system. Yet, the host immune system may also target these glycans as glycoepitopes. In this review, we provide a structural perspective on the role of glycans in host-microbe interactions, focusing primarily on viral glycoproteins and their interactions with host adaptive immunity. In particular, we discuss a class of topological glycoepitopes and their interactions with topological mAbs, using the anti-HIV mAb 2G12 as the archetypical example. We further offer our view that structure-based glycan targeting strategies are ready for application to viruses beyond HIV, and present our perspective on future development in this area.

scholarly journals Antivirulence Activity of the Human Gut Metabolome

mBio ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Caetano M. Antunes ◽  
Julie A. K. McDonald ◽  
Kathleen Schroeter ◽  
Christian Carlucci ◽  
Rosana B. R. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Complex Ecosystem ◽  
Microbe Interactions ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Host Microbe Interactions

ABSTRACTThe mammalian gut contains a complex assembly of commensal microbes termed microbiota. Although much has been learned about the role of these microbes in health, the mechanisms underlying these functions are ill defined. We have recently shown that the mammalian gut contains thousands of small molecules, most of which are currently unidentified. Therefore, we hypothesized that these molecules function as chemical cues used by hosts and microbes during their interactions in health and disease. Thus, a search was initiated to identify molecules produced by the microbiota that are sensed by pathogens. We found that a secreted molecule produced by clostridia acts as a strong repressor ofSalmonellavirulence, obliterating expression of theSalmonellapathogenicity island 1 as well as host cell invasion. It has been known for decades that the microbiota protects its hosts from invading pathogens, and these data suggest that chemical sensing may be involved in this phenomenon. Further investigations should reveal the exact biological role of this molecule as well as its therapeutic potential.IMPORTANCEMicrobes can communicate through the production and sensing of small molecules. Within the complex ecosystem formed by commensal microbes living in and on the human body, it is likely that these molecular messages are used extensively during the interactions between different microbial species as well as with host cells. Deciphering such a molecular dialect will be fundamental to our understanding of host-microbe interactions in health and disease and may prove useful for the design of new therapeutic strategies that target these mechanisms of communication.

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