scholarly journals Insights into the formation of inorganic heterocycles via cyclocondensation of primary amines with group 15 and 16 halides

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1357-1367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristram Chivers ◽  
Risto S. Laitinen
Keyword(s):  
Primary Amines ◽  
Cyclocondensation Reaction ◽  
Group 15 ◽  
Preparative Route

The cyclocondensation reaction of primary amines with pnictogen and chalcogen halides is a major preparative route for the generation of inorganic heterocycles involving a Group 15 or 16 element linked to nitrogen.

Dielectric study of primary amines from room temperature down to −180 °C and from 10 kHz up to 35 GHz

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-246
Author(s):  
J. M. Forniés-Marquina ◽  
A. Siblini ◽  
L. Jorat ◽  
G. Noyel
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Dielectric Study

Acceptorless amine dehydrogenation and transamination using Pd-doped layered double hydroxides

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Ainembabazi ◽  
Nan An ◽  
Jinesh Manayil ◽  
Kare Wilson ◽  
Adam Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Layered Double Hydroxides ◽  
Oxidation States ◽  
Secondary Amines ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Acid Dissolution ◽  
Oxidative Amination ◽  
Strong Function ◽  
Excellent Activity ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Double Hydroxides

<div> <p>The synthesis, characterization, and activity of Pd-doped layered double hydroxides (Pd-LDHs) for for acceptorless amine dehydrogenation is reported. These multifunctional catalysts comprise Brønsted basic and Lewis acidic surface sites that stabilize Pd species in 0, 2+, and 4+ oxidation states. Pd speciation and corresponding cataytic performance is a strong function of metal loading. Excellent activity is observed for the oxidative transamination of primary amines and acceptorless dehydrogenation of secondary amines to secondary imines using a low Pd loading (0.5 mol%), without the need for oxidants. N-heterocycles, such as indoline, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline, and piperidine, are dehydrogenated to the corresponding aromatics with high yields. The relative yields of secondary imines are proportional to the calculated free energy of reaction, while yields for oxidative amination correlate with the electrophilicity of primary imine intermediates. Reversible amine dehydrogenation and imine hydrogenation determine the relative imine:amine selectivity. Poisoning tests evidence that Pd-LDHs operate heterogeneously, with negligible metal leaching; catalysts can be regenerated by acid dissolution and re-precipitation.</p> </div> <br>

Synthesis of some Novel Imidazoles Catalyzed by Co3O4 Nanoparticles and Evaluation of their Antibacterial Activities

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad A. Ghasemzadeh ◽  
Mohammad H. Abdollahi-Basir ◽  
Zahra Elyasi
Keyword(s):  
Cobalt Oxide ◽  
Ammonium Acetate ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Co3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Tetrasubstituted Imidazoles

Aim and Objective: The multi-component condensation of benzil, primary amines, ammonium acetate and various aldehydes was efficiently catalyzed using cobalt oxide nanoparticles under ultrasonic irradiation. This approach describes an effective and facile method for the synthesis of some novel 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazole derivatives with several advantages such as high yields and short reaction times and reusability of the catalyst. Moreover, the prepared heterocyclic compounds showed high antibacterial activity against some pathogenic strains. Materials and Method: The facile and efficient approaches for the preparation of Co3O4 nanoparticles were carried out by one step method. The synthesized heterogeneous nanocatalyst was characterized by spectroscopic analysis including EDX, FE-SEM, VSM, XRD and FT-IR analysis. The as-synthesized cobalt oxide nanoparticles showed paramagnetic behaviour in magnetic field. In addition, the catalytic influence of the nanocatalyst was examined in the one-pot reaction of primary amines, benzil, ammonium acetate and diverse aromatic aldehydes under ultrasonic irradiation. All of the 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles were investigated and checked with m.p., 1H NMR, 13C NMR and FT-IR spectroscopy techniques. The antibacterial properties of the heterocycles were evaluated in vitro by the disk diffusion against pathogenic strains such as Escherichia coli (EC), Bacillus subtillis (BS), Staphylococcus aureus (SA), Salmonellatyphi (ST) and Shigella dysentrae (SD) species. Results: In this research cobalt oxide nanostructure was used as a robust and green catalyst in the some novel imidazoles. The average particle size measured from the FE-SEM image is found to be 20-30 nm which confirmed to the obtained results from XRD pattern. Various electron-donating and electron-withdrawing aryl aldehydes were efficiently reacted in the presence of Co3O4 nanoparticles. The role of the catalyst as a Lewis acid is promoting the reactions with the increase in the electrophilicity of the carbonyl and double band groups. To investigate the reusability of the catalyst, the model study was repeated using recovered cobalt oxide nanoparticles. The results showed that the nanocatalyst could be reused for five times with a minimal loss of its activity. Conclusion: We have developed an efficient and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of some tetrasubstituted imidazoles via three-component reaction of benzil, primary amines, ammonium acetate and various aldehydes using Co3O4 NPs. The present approach suggests different benefits such as: excellent yields, short reaction times, simple workup procedure and recyclability of the magnetic nanocatalyst. The prepared 1,2,4,5-tetrasubstituted imidazoles revealed high antibacterial activities and can be useful in many biomedical applications.

α-Ketophosphonates in the Synthesis of α-iminophosphonates

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-238
Author(s):  
Petro P. Ony`sko ◽  
Tetyana I. Chudakova ◽  
Vladimir V. Pirozhenko ◽  
Alexandr B. Rozhenko
Keyword(s):  
Bond Cleavage ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Equilibrium Mixture ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Alkyl Amines ◽  
Protic Solvents ◽  
Metallic Salts ◽  
Direct Preparation ◽  
Stage Synthesis ◽  
Aprotic Dipolar Solvent

The potentialities of condensation of α-ketophosphonates with primary amines for direct synthesis of α-iminophosphonates have been revealed. Diesters of α-ketophosphonic acids react with the primary amines by two competitive pathways: with a formation of α-iminophosphonates or a C-P bond cleavage resulting in a hydrogen phosphonate and an acylated amine. In many cases, the latter undesirable pathway is dominant, especially for more nucleophilic alkyl amines. Using metallic salts of α-ketophosphonates avoids the C-P bond cleavage, allowing direct preparation of α-phosphorylated imines by the reaction with primary amines. This strategy provides an atom economy single-stage synthesis of iminophosphonates – precursors of bio relevant phosphorus analogs of α-amino acids. Methyl sodium iminophosphonates, bearing aryl or heteryl substituents at the imino carbon atom exist in solutions at room temperature as an equilibrium mixture of Z- and E-isomers. A configuration of the C=N bond can be controlled by the solvent: changing the aprotic dipolar solvent DMSO-d6 by water or alcohols leads to the change from a predominant Z-isomer to almost an exclusive E-form. In contrast, diesters of the respective iminophosphonates exist in non-protic solvents predominantly in Econfiguration. The solvent effect on E-Z stereochemistry is demonstrated by DFT calculations.

Ruthenium-catalyzed synthesis of N-substituted lactams by acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of diols with primary amines

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (82) ◽  
pp. 12384-12387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanling Zheng ◽  
Xufeng Nie ◽  
Yang Long ◽  
Li Ji ◽  
Haiyan Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphine Ligand ◽  
Primary Amines ◽  
Dehydrogenative Coupling ◽  
One Step

The first synthesis of N-substituted lactams via an acceptorless dehydrogenative coupling of diols with primary amines in one step was enabled by combining Ru3(CO)12 with a hybrid N-heterocyclic carbene–phosphine–phosphine ligand as the catalyst.

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