Elucidating the role of methyl viologen as a scavenger of photoactivated electrons from photosystem I under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 8512-8521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Bennett ◽  
Hanieh Niroomand ◽  
Ravi Pamu ◽  
Ilia Ivanov ◽  
Dibyendu Mukherjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosystem I ◽  
Methyl Viologen ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Redox Mediator ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Ps I ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

We present electrochemical investigations into the role of dissolved O2 in electrolyte solutions in scavenging photoactivated electrons from photosystem I (PS I) while using methyl viologen (MV2+) as the redox mediator.

Exploring the effect of hydroxylic and non-hydroxylic solvents on the reaction of [VIVO(β-diketonate)2] with 2-aminobenzoylhydrazide in aerobic and anaerobic conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (33) ◽  
pp. 10963-10985 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmalendu Biswas ◽  
Debashis Patra ◽  
Bipul Mondal ◽  
Sachinath Bera ◽  
Swarnali Acharyya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

The role of hydroxylic/non-hydroxylic solvents in the reaction of [VIVO(β-diketonate)2] with 2-aminobenzoylhydrazide in the presence/absence of air was explored.

Role of ergothioneine on S-nitrosoglutathione catabolism

2001 ◽  
Vol 356 (3) ◽  
pp. 799-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco MISITI ◽  
Massimo CASTAGNOLA ◽  
Cecilia ZUPPI ◽  
Bruno GIARDINA ◽  
Irene MESSANA
Keyword(s):  
Biological Function ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Molecular Event ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
End Products ◽  
Induced Decomposition ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

Ergothioneine (ESH) is a low-molecular-mass thiol present in millimolar concentrations in a limited number of tissues, including erythrocytes, kidney, seminal fluid and liver; however, its biological function is still unclear. In the present study we investigated the role of ESH in the catabolism of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). The results show that: (1) GSNO decomposition is strongly influenced by ESH (k′′ = 0.178±0.032M−1·s−1); (2) ammonia is the main nitrogen-containing compound generated by the reaction; and (3) nitrite is practically absent under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. These findings are markedly different from those reported for the GSH-induced decomposition of GSNO, in which the nitrogen-containing end products are nitrite, ammonia and nitrous oxide (N2O) under aerobic conditions but nitrite, ammonia, nitric oxide (NO) and small quantities of hydroxylamine under anaerobic conditions. Considering the high concentration of ESH in specific cells, the reaction with GSNO should be considered as an important molecular event occurring in the cell.

scholarly journals Anaerobic osteomyelitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-500
Author(s):  
H. A. Mousa ◽  
S. S. Bakr ◽  
Thamer A. Haman
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Bone Infection ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Pyogenic Osteomyelitis ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Better Than

The prevalence and role of anaerobic bacteria in bone infection were investigated in this prospective study on 134 cases with pyogenic osteomyelitis. Specimens were inoculated immediately in the operating theatre or in the ward and incubated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions without using transport media. Anaerobic organisms were isolated from 39 of the 134 cases [29%] of all types of pyogenic osteomyelitis. The total number of aerobic and anaerobic isolates was 224, of which 50 were anaerobes [22%]. Syringe-aspirated specimens were better than swab specimens for the isolation of anaerobes. Anaerobes were mostly isolated from osteomyelitis cases of long duration

scholarly journals ATTENUATION OF HEAVY METALS IN SEDIMENTS OF THE BONNY ESTUARY, NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF OXYGEN

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1810-1821
Author(s):  
Dr. Dike Henry Ogbuagu ◽  
Dagogo Eras Dinney
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Aerobic Condition ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Student’S T Test ◽  
Analyze Data

Sediments of the Bonny Estuary, which is repository to pollutants from various industrial and shipment activities in its catchment was investigated for rate of natural attenuation of toxic metals (Cd, Mn, Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni, Fe) under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Samples were collected with pre-grab sampler from seabed, sieved in the laboratory and monitored under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. After incubation at 18°C, harvests were made on days 1, 14, 28 and 42 and levels of the metals determined spectrophotometrically. Variation plots, ANOVA, Means plots, Student’s t-test and Pearson correlation (r) were used to analyze data. Concentration reductions were higher in aerobic condition in the order Cu(15.5%)> Cd(11.4%)> Fe(8.0%)>Mn(5.7%)> Cr(4.4%)> Ni(4.2%)>Pb(3.9%) than in anaerobic condition which was in the order Cu(7.5%)> Cd(7.4%)>Pb(2.4%)>Mn/Cr(1.8% each)> Fe(0.9%)> Ni(0.5%). There was significant heterogeneity in metals reductions (Sig. F=0.000) on all the harvest days, especially of Cu, Pb and Fe at P<0.05. Attenuation of Mn also differed markedly between the aerobic and anaerobic conditions (Sig. t=0.005) at the 95% confidence interval. pH influenced the attenuation of Ni (r=0.766) and Fe (r=0.795) (P<0.05) as well as Cd (r=0.968), Cr (r=0.861), Pb (r=0.989) and Cu (r=0.950) (P<0.01). Results indicate that rate of attenuation was slow and slightly enhanced by oxygenation.

scholarly journals Microbial Degradation of Hydrocarbons—Basic Principles for Bioremediation: A Review

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Ławniczak ◽  
Marta Woźniak-Karczewska ◽  
Andreas P. Loibner ◽  
Hermann J. Heipieper ◽  
Łukasz Chrzanowski
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Designed Experiment ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

Crude oil-derived hydrocarbons constitute the largest group of environmental pollutants worldwide. The number of reports concerning their toxicity and emphasizing the ultimate need to remove them from marine and soil environments confirms the unceasing interest of scientists in this field. Among the various techniques used for clean-up actions, bioremediation seems to be the most acceptable and economically justified. Analysis of recent reports regarding unsuccessful bioremediation attempts indicates that there is a need to highlight the fundamental aspects of hydrocarbon microbiology in a clear and concise manner. Therefore, in this review, we would like to elucidate some crucial, but often overlooked, factors. First, the formation of crude oil and abundance of naturally occurring hydrocarbons is presented and compared with bacterial ability to not only survive but also to utilize such compounds as an attractive energy source. Then, the significance of nutrient limitation on biomass growth is underlined on the example of a specially designed experiment and discussed in context of bioremediation efficiency. Next, the formation of aerobic and anaerobic conditions, as well as the role of surfactants for maintaining appropriate C:N:P ratio during initial stages of biodegradation is explained. Finally, a summary of recent scientific reports focused on the removal of hydrocarbon contaminants using bioaugmentation, biostimulation and introduction of surfactants, as well as biosurfactants, is presented. This review was designed to be a comprehensive source of knowledge regarding the unique aspects of hydrocarbon microbiology that may be useful for planning future biodegradation experiments. In addition, it is a starting point for wider debate regarding the limitations and possible improvements of currently employed bioremediation strategies.

scholarly journals Release of iron from ferritin by xanthine oxidase. Role of the superoxide radical

1987 ◽  
Vol 243 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
B J Bolann ◽  
R J Ulvik
Keyword(s):  
Xanthine Oxidase ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Oh Radical ◽  
Iron Release ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Independent Process ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

Mobilization of iron from ferritin by xanthine oxidase was studied under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Aerobic iron release amounted to approx. 3.7 nmol/ml in 10 min. This amount was decreased by approx. 30% under anaerobic conditions. Aerobic iron mobilization involved two mechanisms. About 70% was released by O2.- generated by xanthine oxidase. The rest was released by O2(.-)-independent mechanisms, which also accounted for the total iron release when O2 was absent. A possible transfer of reducing equivalents directly from xanthine oxidase to ferritin is discussed. The results imply that, in pathological conditions with increased formation of O2.-, iron may be released from ferritin. Furthermore, in hypoxic tissues xanthine oxidase can release iron from ferritin by an O2(.-)-independent process. Free iron is liable to catalyse the formation of the extremely reactive and damaging OH. radical.

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