Formation of large nanodomains in liquid solutions near the phase boundary

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (99) ◽  
pp. 14286-14289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinchen Kang ◽  
Xiaoxue Ma ◽  
Jianling Zhang ◽  
Xueqing Xing ◽  
Guang Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Phase Boundary ◽  
Separation Point ◽  
Liquid Solutions ◽  
Phase Separation Point

Large nanodomains were formed in liquid solutions near the phase separation point where the size of nanodomains increased dramatically.

scholarly journals Colloidal suspensions in one-phase mixed solvents under shear flow

Soft Matter ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (35) ◽  
pp. 5911-5921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armand Barbot ◽  
Takeaki Araki
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Shear Flow ◽  
Colloidal Suspension ◽  
Mixed Solvents ◽  
Colloidal Suspensions ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Binary Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Separation Point ◽  
Binary Liquid ◽  
Phase Separation Point

Rheologies properties of colloidal suspension in one-phase binary liquid mixtures are numerically studied. When approaching the phase separation point, the particles are aggregated and the viscosity is increased.

scholarly journals Density, Viscosity and Water Phase Stability of 1-Butanol-Gasoline Blends

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlata Mužíková ◽  
Pavel Šimáček ◽  
Milan Pospíšil ◽  
Gustav Šebor
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Phase Stability ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Separation Point ◽  
Water Phase ◽  
Water Tolerance ◽  
Phase Separation Point ◽  
Solid Form

The aim of this work was to describe the density and viscosity and water tolerance of 1-butanol-gasoline blends. Density and viscosity of 1-butanol are higher than that for gasoline and they can affect these parameters in the final gasoline blend. Density increases linearly and viscosity exponentially with the content of 1-butanol. Water solubility in 1-butanol-gasoline blend was determined as the temperature of a phase separation. The water was separated in the solid form at negative temperature and the phase separation point was determined as the temperature of crystallization. Influence of ethanol and ethers used for gasoline blending on water phase stability of 1-butanol-gasoline blend was studied. Ethers are slightly miscible with water and they improve the phase stability. While ethanol is completely miscible water and increases the water solubility in the blends. Finally, water extractions of both alcohols from gasoline were done. In contrast to the ethanol-gasoline blends, 1-butanol remained in the hydrocarbon phase.

scholarly journals Stochastic dynamics of single molecules across phase boundaries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Bo ◽  
Lars Hubatsch ◽  
Jonathan Bauermann ◽  
Christoph A. Weber ◽  
Frank Julicher
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Phase Boundary ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Concentration Gradient ◽  
Detailed Balance ◽  
Single Molecules ◽  
Thermal Fluctuations ◽  
Phase Boundaries ◽  
Single Molecule Dynamics ◽  
Molecule Dynamics

We discuss the stochastic trajectories of single molecules in a phase-separated liquid, when a dense and a dilute phase coexist. Starting from a continuum theory of macroscopic phase separation we derive a stochastic Langevin equation for molecular trajectories that takes into account thermal fluctuations. We find that molecular trajectories can be described as diffusion with drift in an effective potential, which has a steep gradient at phase boundaries. We discuss how the physics of phase coexistence affects the statistics of molecular trajectories and in particular the statistics of displacements of molecules crossing a phase boundary. At thermodynamic equilibrium detailed balance imposes that the distributions of displacements crossing the phase boundary from the dense or from the dilute phase are the same. Our theory can be used to infer key phase separation parameters from the statistics of single-molecule trajectories. For simple Brownian motion, there is no drift in the presence of a concentration gradient. We show that interactions in the fluid give rise to an average drift velocity in concentration gradients. Interestingly, under non-equilibrium conditions, single molecules tend to drift uphill the concentration gradient. Thus, our work bridges between single-molecule dynamics and collective dynamics at macroscopic scales and provides a framework to study single-molecule dynamics in phase-separating systems.

Local light-induced phase separation of binary liquid solutions

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
N F Bunkin ◽  
Alexander V Lobeev ◽  
Gennadii A Lyakhov ◽  
Yu P Svirko
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Binary Liquid ◽  
Liquid Solutions

scholarly journals The disordered P granule protein LAF-1 drives phase separation into droplets with tunable viscosity and dynamics

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (23) ◽  
pp. 7189-7194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shana Elbaum-Garfinkle ◽  
Younghoon Kim ◽  
Krzysztof Szczepaniak ◽  
Carlos Chih-Hsiung Chen ◽  
Christian R. Eckmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Phase Boundary ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Protein Interactions ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
P Granules ◽  
Intrinsically Disordered

P granules and other RNA/protein bodies are membrane-less organelles that may assemble by intracellular phase separation, similar to the condensation of water vapor into droplets. However, the molecular driving forces and the nature of the condensed phases remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the Caenorhabditis elegans protein LAF-1, a DDX3 RNA helicase found in P granules, phase separates into P granule-like droplets in vitro. We adapt a microrheology technique to precisely measure the viscoelasticity of micrometer-sized LAF-1 droplets, revealing purely viscous properties highly tunable by salt and RNA concentration. RNA decreases viscosity and increases molecular dynamics within the droplet. Single molecule FRET assays suggest that this RNA fluidization results from highly dynamic RNA–protein interactions that emerge close to the droplet phase boundary. We demonstrate than an N-terminal, arginine/glycine rich, intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) domain of LAF-1 is necessary and sufficient for both phase separation and RNA–protein interactions. In vivo, RNAi knockdown of LAF-1 results in the dissolution of P granules in the early embryo, with an apparent submicromolar phase boundary comparable to that measured in vitro. Together, these findings demonstrate that LAF-1 is important for promoting P granule assembly and provide insight into the mechanism by which IDP-driven molecular interactions give rise to liquid phase organelles with tunable properties.

scholarly journals Thermosensitive Phase Separation Behavior of Poly(benzyl methacrylate)/Solvate Ionic Liquid Solutions

Langmuir ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (49) ◽  
pp. 14105-14114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumi Kobayashi ◽  
Yuzo Kitazawa ◽  
Kei Hashimoto ◽  
Takeshi Ueki ◽  
Hisashi Kokubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Liquid Solutions ◽  
Phase Separation Behavior ◽  
Separation Behavior

Phase Behavior and Shrinking Kinetics of Thermo-Reversible Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide-2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate)

2009 ◽  
Vol 1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M Leon ◽  
Francisco J Solis ◽  
Brent L Vernon
Keyword(s):  
Phase Separation ◽  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
Complex Phase ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Double Exponential ◽  
Liquid Solutions ◽  
Kinetics Of

AbstractWe study the thermodynamic properties of solutions of the physically gelling poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [poly(NIPPAm-HEMA)]. We construct its phase diagram and characterize its kinetics of phase separation. This material belongs to a class of thermosensitive, “smart” polymers, that exhibit complex phase behavior. The copolymer studied is liquid at low temperatures and undergoes phase separation near 28°C, with negligible dependence on concentration. Above the transition temperature we observe coexistence between a polymer-dilute solution and a gel. We show that, upon quick heating, liquid solutions form a homogeneous gel that phase separates (shrinks) from a dilute polymer solution. We find that the evolution of the gel volume fraction is well described by a double exponential decay, indicating the presence of two shrinking regimes in a close parallel to the behavior of chemically cross-linked gels. The first stage is characterized by quick water ejection. In the second stage, slower shrinking is observed associated with internal reorganization of the polymers that allows the creation of gel-forming contacts.

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