scholarly journals A surface-grafted thermoresponsive hydrogel in which the surface structure dominates the bulk properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (74) ◽  
pp. 11064-11067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ko Matsukawa ◽  
Tsukuru Masuda ◽  
Aya Mizutani Akimoto ◽  
Ryo Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Bulk Properties ◽  
Thermoresponsive Hydrogel ◽  
Arget Atrp

A surface-grafted hydrogel was successfully synthesized by immobilization of the ATRP initiator at the surface region of the gel and the subsequent ARGET ATRP step.

Influence of bulk properties on the surface structure of finite nuclei

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Uma Maheswari ◽  
V. S. Ramamurthy ◽  
L. Satpathy
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Bulk Properties ◽  
Finite Nuclei

Reply to ‘‘Comment on ‘Influence of bulk properties on the surface structure of finite nuclei’ ’’

1994 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 2854-2855
Author(s):  
V. S. Uma Maheswari ◽  
V. S. Ramamurthy ◽  
L. Satpathy
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Bulk Properties ◽  
Finite Nuclei

THE SURFACE STRUCTURE OF A LOW Pd Cu/Pd-(110) CRYSTAL ALLOY

1994 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 569-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. BOWKER ◽  
M. NEWTON ◽  
S.M. FRANCIS ◽  
M. GLEESON ◽  
C. BARNES
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Single Scattering ◽  
Alloy Surface ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Photoelectron Diffraction ◽  
Layer 2

X-ray photoelectron diffraction studies of this alloy surface have been carried out and indicate that there is a significant expansion of the lattice in the near-surface region due to the high concentration of Pd in layer 2. Preliminary single scattering calculations lend support to this proposal for the surface structure, and place this expansion in the subsurface mainly between layers 2 and 3.

scholarly journals Comment on ‘‘Influence of bulk properties on the surface structure of finite nuclei’’

1994 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 2852-2853 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Centelles ◽  
M. Farine ◽  
P. Schuck ◽  
X. Viñas
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Bulk Properties ◽  
Finite Nuclei

UHV-Investigation on MOCVD-grown InP(100) Surfaces

1999 ◽  
Vol 570 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Visbeck ◽  
T. Hannappel ◽  
P. Vogt ◽  
J. Mahrt ◽  
M. Zorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Pressure ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Electron Spectrum ◽  
Auger Electron ◽  
Critical Case ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Bulk Properties ◽  
Auger Electron Spectrum ◽  
Reflectance Anisotropy ◽  
Mocvd Reactor

ABSTRACTEpitaxial InP(100)-films were prepared with TBP (tertiarybutylphosphine) and TMIn (trimethylindium) as precursors in a commercial MOCVD reactor. During growth, the V-III-ratio and TBP partial pressure were varied between 50 and 1 and possible changes of the surface structure monitored with the corresponding RAS (reflectance anisotropy spectroscopy) signal based on a correlation established with corresponding LEED measurements. Bulk properties of these films were investigated ex-situ with photoluminescence at 2 K, showing no noticeable difference between the samples. The MOCVD apparatus was modified to facilitate transfer of the sample from the MOCVD environment to UIHV in less than 20 seconds (to the 10−9 mbar range). After transfer, the same RA spectrum was recovered also in the critical case of the P-rich, as-grown surface. A corresponding Auger electron spectrum (AES) did not show any trace of contamination. Furthermore, the surface structure was investigated with LEED and STM. The LEED picture shows a clear (2×l)-pattern with a weak twofold symmetry along the [011] direction, STM pictures revealed a disordered surface terminated by P-dimers

scholarly journals A first-principles computational comparison of defect-free and disordered, fluorinated anatase TiO2 (001) interfaces with water

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 8982-8988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle G. Reeves ◽  
Damien Dambournet ◽  
Christel Laberty-Robert ◽  
Rodolphe Vuilleumier ◽  
Mathieu Salanne
Keyword(s):  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Surface Modifications ◽  
Anatase Tio2 ◽  
Chemical Doping ◽  
Bulk Properties ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Computational Comparison

Chemical doping and other surface modifications have been used to engineer the bulk properties of materials, but their influence on the surface structure and consequently the surface chemistry are often unknown.

Formation of Surface Structure in Vulcanizates and Surface Structure Changes in Air

1995 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunio Mori ◽  
Kentaro Kanae ◽  
Hidetoshi Hirahara ◽  
Yoshiyuki Oishi
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Surface Free Energy ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Interfacial Free Energy ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Structure Changes

Abstract The formation theory of surface structure during vulcanization was developed on the basis of an interfacial concept. The theory showed the chemical compositions of polar and nonpolar components on the vulcanizate surface to be determined as an excess interfacial free energy between rubber compounds and molds decreases. The surface free energies of molds reflected clearly the corresponding surface free energy of vulcanizates prepared from copolymers and polar polymers. Nonpolar polymers were not influenced by the surface free energies of molds. The surface free energies of vulcanizates decreased slightly with the concentration of network chains owing to the entropy of rubber segments. The surface free energies of molds affected the chemical compositions at the topmost surface region to the upper surface region on vulcanizates. NBR vulcanizates with high surface free energy increased the contact angle of water after standing in dry air. In the dry air environment, topmost surface layer nitrile groups were buried in the bulk of NBR vulcanizates and butadiene units subsequently overturn to the topmost, layer. In this case, the vulcanizate surface chemical composition was influenced only at the topmost surface region. ESCA spectra N1s peak intensities on NBR vulcanizates was consistent with these observation.

Optimization of the Fluorine Effect for Improving the Oxidation Resistance of Tial-Alloys

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 1061-1065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Donchev ◽  
Michael Schütze ◽  
Andreas Kolitsch ◽  
Rossen Yankov
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
High Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Oxidation Mechanism ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Alumina Scale ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Bulk Properties ◽  
Tial Alloys

The oxidation resistance of TiAl-alloys can be improved drastically by treating the surface of the components with small amounts of fluorine. The oxidation mechanism is changed. Hence, the formation of a fast growing mixed oxide scale on untreated alloys is suppressed. Instead a thin protective alumina scale is formed on samples after fluorine treatment. The different methods only influence the surface region of the components so that the bulk properties are not affected. Recent results achieved with F-containing inorganic compounds showed that the fluorine effect can be improved even further. TiAl-specimens were treated only with fluorine and with F-containing compounds in several ways and their performance during high temperature oxidation tests in air was investigated. Results of isothermal and thermocyclic oxidation tests are presented. The results are discussed in terms of a later use of the fluorine effect for technical applications.

Surface Structure of the Spores of Glugea Weissenbergi

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 238-239
Author(s):  
Sanford H. Vernick ◽  
Anastasios Tousimis ◽  
Victor Sprague
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Mature Spore ◽  
Spore Surface ◽  
Sectioned Material ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Surface Detail

Recent electron microscope studies have greatly expanded our knowledge of the structure of the Microsporida, particularly of the developing and mature spore. Since these studies involved mainly sectioned material, they have revealed much internal detail of the spores but relatively little surface detail. This report concerns observations on the spore surface by means of the transmission electron microscope.

Surface Structure of Nucleated Animal Cells: Carbon Replicas

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 120-121
Author(s):  
Robert M. Glaeser ◽  
Thea B. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Replica Technique ◽  
Carbon Replica ◽  
Characteristic Particle ◽  
Cell Surface Structure ◽  
Carbon Replicas

The carbon-replica technique can be used to obtain information about cell-surface structure that cannot ordinarily be obtained by thin-section techniques. Mammalian erythrocytes have been studied by the replica technique and they appear to be characterized by a pebbly or “plaqued“ surface texture. The characteristic “particle” diameter is about 200 Å to 400 Å. We have now extended our observations on cell-surface structure to chicken and frog erythrocytes, which possess a broad range of cellular functions, and to normal rat lymphocytes and mouse ascites tumor cells, which are capable of cell division. In these experiments fresh cells were washed in Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium Salt Solution (for suspension cultures) and one volume of a 10% cell suspension was added to one volume of 2% OsO4 or 5% gluteraldehyde in 0.067 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.3. Carbon replicas were obtained by a technique similar to that employed by Glaeser et al. Figure 1 shows an electron micrograph of a carbon replica made from a chicken erythrocyte, and Figure 2 shows an enlarged portion of the same cell.

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