Optical study of electrochromic moving fronts for the investigation of ion transport in conducting polymers

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (18) ◽  
pp. 3942-3947 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahika Inal ◽  
George G. Malliaras ◽  
Jonathan Rivnay
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Polymer Film ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Spectroscopic Investigation ◽  
Optical Study

Spectroscopic investigation of electrochromic moving fronts enables the study of ion transport in complex conducting polymer film morphologies.

A Chemo-Mechanical Constitutive Model for Conducting Polymers

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinithra Venugopal ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Vishnu-Baba Sundaresan
Keyword(s):  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Electrical Field ◽  
Conformational Relaxation ◽  
Polymer Actuator

Conducting polymers undergo volumetric expansion through redox-mediated ion exchange with its electrolytic environment. The ion transport processes resulting from an applied electrical field controls the conformational relaxation in conducting polymer and regulates the generated stress and strain. In the last two decades, significant contributions from various groups have resulted in methods to fabricate, model and characterize the mechanical response of conducting polymer actuators in bending mode. An alternating electrical field applied to the polymer electrolyte interface produces the mechanical response in the polymer. The electrical energy applied to the polymer is used by the electrochemical reaction in the polymer backbone, for ion transport at the electrolyte-polymer interface and for conformational changes to the polymer. Due to the advances in polymer synthesis, there are multitudes of polymer-dopant combinations used to design an actuator. Over the last decade, polypyrrole (PPy) has evolved to be the most common conducting polymer actuator. Thin sheets of polymer are electrodeposited on to a substrate, doped with dodecylbezenesulfonate (DBS-) and microfabricated into a hermetic, air operated cantilever actuator. The electrical energy applied across the thickness of the polymer is expended by the electrochemical interactions at the polymer-electrolyte interface, ion transport and electrostatic interactions of the backbone. The widely adopted model for designing actuators is the electrochemically stimulated conformational relaxation (ESCR) model. Despite these advances, there have been very few investigations into the development of a constitutive model for conducting polymers that represent the input-output relation for chemoelectromechanical energy conversion. On one hand, dynamic models of conducting polymers use multiphysics-based non-linear models that are computationally intensive and not scalable for complicated geometries. On the other, empirical models that represent the chemomechanical coupling in conducting polymers present an over-simplified approach and lack the scientific rigor in predicting the mechanical response. In order to address these limitations and to develop a constitutive model for conducting polymers, its coupled chemomechanical response and material degradation with time, we have developed a constitutive model for polypyrrole-based conducting polymer actuator. The constitutive model is applied to a micron-scale conducting polymer actuator and coupling coefficients are expressed using a mechanistic representation of coupling in polypyrrole (dodecylbenzenesulfonate) [PPy(DBS)].

Celery Electronics

MRS Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (16) ◽  
pp. 847-853
Author(s):  
Rhiannon Morris ◽  
Holly Warren ◽  
Marc in het Panhuis
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Impedance Analysis ◽  
Living System ◽  
Electronic Circuits ◽  
Heavy Metal Waste

ABSTRACTPlants produce energy in a sustainable way, they are very effective in converting light energy into a useable form. Utilising certain parts of plants in technology could become an efficient way to enhance energy production and improve sustainability. Integrating plants with technology would offer a ‘green’ way of producing elements for electronic circuits and reduce heavy metal waste. In this paper, we demonstrate that conducting polymers can be incorporated into living system such as celery. Electrical impedance analysis was used to establish the conductivity of celery with a conducting polymer (PEDOT:PSS) into its vascular system. It was demonstrated that electronic celery exhibited conductivity values of up to 0.55 ± 0.03 S/cm. This conductivity value was sufficient to demonstrate the potential of celery electronics where celery stalks are used as electrodes in simple circuits.

Polyaniline nanofibers: broadening applications for conducting polymers

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1510-1525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina O. Baker ◽  
Xinwei Huang ◽  
Wyatt Nelson ◽  
Richard B. Kaner
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Polyaniline Nanofibers

Nanostructured polyaniline is the key to greater success of this unique conducting polymer.

Small bioactive molecules as dual functional co-dopants for conducting polymers

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (25) ◽  
pp. 5058-5069 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Goding ◽  
A. D. Gilmour ◽  
P. J. Martens ◽  
L. A. Poole-Warren ◽  
R. A. Green
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope Image ◽  
Dual Functional ◽  
Electron Microscope Image ◽  
Scanning Electron

Scanning electron microscope image of surface morphology of conducting polymer PEDOT doped with bioactive molecules.

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