Features of silicon– and titanium–polyethylene glycol precursors in sol–gel synthesis of new hydrogels

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (27) ◽  
pp. 5490-5500 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Khonina ◽  
A. P. Safronov ◽  
M. V. Ivanenko ◽  
E. V. Shadrina ◽  
O. N. Chupakhin
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis ◽  
Gel Processing

The formation of organic/inorganic hydrogels based on silicon and titanium polyethylene glycolates, new biocompatible water-soluble precursors in sol–gel processing, was investigated.

scholarly journals Synthesis of ceramics in MOn/2-SiO2 systems through sol-gel processing under coexistence of polyethylene glycol and in vitro evaluation of their bioactivity

2008 ◽  
Vol 116 (1349) ◽  
pp. 56-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ill-Yong KIM ◽  
Masanobu KAMITAKAHARA ◽  
Giichiro KAWACHI ◽  
Koichi KIKUTA ◽  
Sung-Baek CHO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Gel Processing

scholarly journals Sol–Gel Processing of Water-Soluble Carbon Nitride Enables High-Performance Photoanodes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Adler ◽  
Igor Krivtsov ◽  
Dariusz Mitoraj ◽  
Lucía dos Santos-Gómez ◽  
Santiago García-Granda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Matter ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Free Films ◽  
Gel Processing

In spite of the enormous promise that polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) materials hold for photoelectrochemical (PEC) applications, the fabrication of high-quality PCN photoelectrodes has been a largely elusive goal to date. Here we tackle this challenge by devising, for the first time, a sol–gel approach that enables facile preparation of photoanodes based on poly(heptazine imide) (PHI), a polymer belonging to the PCN family. The sol–gel process capitalizes on the use of a water-soluble PHI precursor composed of nanosized (~10 nm) particles that allows formation of a non-covalent hydrogel. The hydrogel can be deposited on a conductive substrate resulting in formation of mechanically stable porous polymeric thin layers (~400 nm), in contrast to the commonly obtained loosely attached thick particulate coatings. The resulting photoanodes exhibit unprecedented PEC performance in methanol reforming in neutral pH electrolytes with photocurrents of up to 177±27 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> (1 sun illumination) and 320±40 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> (2 sun illumination) at 1.23 V vs. RHE, maintaining such high photocurrents even down to ~0 V vs. RHE. These parameters permit effective operation even without any external electric bias, as demonstrated by bias-free photoreforming of methanol and glycerol, and highly selective (~100%) photooxidation of 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol (4-MBA). The robust binder-free films derived from sol–gel processing of water-soluble PCN thus represent a new paradigm for high-performance ‘soft-matter’ photoelectrocatalytic systems, and pave the way for further applications in which high-quality PCN films are required.

A Molecular Route to Dip-coated Transition Metal Nitride Thin Films.

2004 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. Jackson ◽  
Andrew L. Hector
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Particle Growth ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Transition Metal Nitride ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis ◽  
Gel Processing

ABSTRACTThere is an increasing interest in sol-gel synthesis of nitrides. The ability to deposit films of these materials by dip- or spin-coating will increase the range of applications in which they are viable and is an important step toward general sol-gel processing of nitride materials.With transition metals, the ammono based analogue of the well established alkoxy route to gels is inherently difficult to control. Due to the basicity of the system, the overwhelming tendency is of the starting materials to favour particle growth which results in a precipitate rather than a stable emulsion, unless both environment and synthetic pathway are carefully controlled. Hence reports to date of sol-gel routes to nitrides describe production of powders. We report work on a sol-gel route to titanium nitride with the ammonolysis of titanium amides controlled by temperature and chemical moderators, resulting in stable emulsions useful for dip-coating.

scholarly journals Synthesis of zirconia/polyethylene glycol hybrid materials by sol–gel processing and connections between structure and release kinetic of indomethacin

Drug Delivery ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 595-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Catauro ◽  
F. Bollino ◽  
F. Papale ◽  
S. Pacifico ◽  
S. Galasso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Release Kinetic ◽  
Gel Processing

scholarly journals Sol–Gel Processing of Water-Soluble Carbon Nitride Enables High-Performance Photoanodes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Adler ◽  
Igor Krivtsov ◽  
Dariusz Mitoraj ◽  
Lucía dos Santos-Gómez ◽  
Santiago García-Granda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Matter ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Binder Free ◽  
Gel Processing

In spite of the enormous promise that polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) materials hold for various applications, the fabrication of high-quality, binder-free PCN films and electrodes has been a largely elusive goal to date. Here we tackle this challenge by devising, for the first time, a sol–gel approach that enables facile preparation of thin films based on poly(heptazine imide) (PHI), a polymer belonging to the PCN family. The sol–gel process capitalizes on the use of a water-soluble PHI precursor that allows formation of a non-covalent hydrogel. The hydrogel can be deposited on conductive substrates resulting in formation of mechanically stable polymeric thin layers. The resulting photoanodes exhibit unprecedented PEC performance in alcohol reforming and selective (~100%) conversions with very high photocurrents down to ~0 V vs. RHE, which enables even effective operation under bias-free conditions. The robust binder-free films derived from sol–gel processing of water-soluble PCN thus represent a new paradigm for high-performance ‘soft-matter’ photoelectrocatalytic systems, and pave the way for further applications in which high-quality PCN films are required.

scholarly journals Sol–Gel Processing of Water‐Soluble Carbon Nitride Enables High‐Performance Photoanodes

ChemSusChem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Adler ◽  
Igor Krivtsov ◽  
Dariusz Mitoraj ◽  
Lucía Santos‐Gómez ◽  
Santiago García‐Granda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gel Processing ◽  
Soluble Carbon

scholarly journals Sol–Gel Processing of Water-Soluble Carbon Nitride Enables High-Performance Photoanodes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Adler ◽  
Igor Krivtsov ◽  
Dariusz Mitoraj ◽  
Lucía dos Santos-Gómez ◽  
Santiago García-Granda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Matter ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Carbon Nitride ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Binder Free ◽  
Gel Processing

In spite of the enormous promise that polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) materials hold for various applications, the fabrication of high-quality, binder-free PCN films and electrodes has been a largely elusive goal to date. Here we tackle this challenge by devising, for the first time, a sol–gel approach that enables facile preparation of thin films based on poly(heptazine imide) (PHI), a polymer belonging to the PCN family. The sol–gel process capitalizes on the use of a water-soluble PHI precursor that allows formation of a non-covalent hydrogel. The hydrogel can be deposited on conductive substrates resulting in formation of mechanically stable polymeric thin layers. The resulting photoanodes exhibit unprecedented PEC performance in alcohol reforming and selective (~100%) conversions with very high photocurrents down to ~0 V vs. RHE, which enables even effective operation under bias-free conditions. The robust binder-free films derived from sol–gel processing of water-soluble PCN thus represent a new paradigm for high-performance ‘soft-matter’ photoelectrocatalytic systems, and pave the way for further applications in which high-quality PCN films are required.

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