scholarly journals 3D conducting polymer platforms for electrical control of protein conformation and cellular functions

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (25) ◽  
pp. 5040-5048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alwin Ming-Doug Wan ◽  
Sahika Inal ◽  
Tiffany Williams ◽  
Karin Wang ◽  
Pierre Leleux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Protein Conformation ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Electrical Control ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Control Protein ◽  
Ice Templating

Ice-templating of the conducting polymer PEDOT:PSS yields 3D tissue-mimicking scaffolds that can electrically control protein conformation and various cell functions.

Conducting polymer scaffolds for electrical control of cellular functions (Conference Presentation)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahika Inal ◽  
Alwin M. Wan ◽  
Tiffany V. Williams ◽  
Emmanuel P. Giannelis ◽  
Claudia Fischbach-Teschl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Polymer Scaffolds ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Electrical Control

Multimode light microscopy and fluorescence-based reagents as tools for the study of chemical and molecular dynamics of living cells and tissues

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 418-419
Author(s):  
D. L. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Living Cells ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Macromolecular Assemblies ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Yield Information ◽  
Full Knowledge ◽  
Structural Methods

Cells function through the complex temporal and spatial interplay of ions, metabolites, macromolecules and macromolecular assemblies. Biochemical approaches allow the investigator to define the components and the solution chemical reactions that might be involved in cellular functions. Static structural methods can yield information concerning the 2- and 3-D organization of known and unknown cellular constituents. Genetic and molecular techniques are powerful approaches that can alter specific functions through the manipulation of gene products and thus identify necessary components and sequences of molecular events. However, full knowledge of the mechanism of particular cell functions will require direct measurement of the interplay of cellular constituents. Therefore, there has been a need to develop methods that can yield chemical and molecular information in time and space in living cells, while allowing the integration of information from biochemical, molecular and genetic approaches at the cellular level.

scholarly journals Modulating Tumor Cell Functions by Tunable Nanopatterned Ligand Presentation

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
Katharina Amschler ◽  
Michael P. Schön
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Tumor Cell ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Biophysical Parameters ◽  
Ligand Density ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Cell Functions

Cancer comprises a large group of complex diseases which arise from the misrouted interplay of mutated cells with other cells and the extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix is a highly dynamic structure providing biochemical and biophysical cues that regulate tumor cell behavior. While the relevance of biochemical signals has been appreciated, the complex input of biophysical properties like the variation of ligand density and distribution is a relatively new field in cancer research. Nanotechnology has become a very promising tool to mimic the physiological dimension of biophysical signals and their positive (i.e., growth-promoting) and negative (i.e., anti-tumoral or cytotoxic) effects on cellular functions. Here, we review tumor-associated cellular functions such as proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, and phenotype switch that are regulated by biophysical parameters such as ligand density or substrate elasticity. We also address the question of how such factors exert inhibitory or even toxic effects upon tumor cells. We describe three principles of nanostructured model systems based on block copolymer nanolithography, electron beam lithography, and DNA origami that have contributed to our understanding of how biophysical signals direct cancer cell fate.

Signaling and cytotoxic functions of 4-hydroxyalkenals

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (6) ◽  
pp. E879-E886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yael Riahi ◽  
Guy Cohen ◽  
Ofer Shamni ◽  
Shlomo Sasson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactivity ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Free Oxygen Radical ◽  
Lipid Molecule ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Peroxidation Product ◽  
Covalent Adducts ◽  
12 Lipoxygenase ◽  
Hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic Acid ◽  
In Cells

The peroxidation of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and of their hydroperoxy metabolites is a complex process. It is initiated by free oxygen radical-induced abstraction of a hydrogen atom from the lipid molecule followed by a series of nonenzymatic reactions that ultimately generate the reactive aldehyde species 4-hydroxyalkenals. The molecule 4-hydroxy- 2E-hexenal (4-HHE) is generated by peroxidation of n-3 PUFAs, such as linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid. The aldehyde product 4-hydroxy-2 E-nonenal (4-HNE) is the peroxidation product of n-6 PUFAs, such as arachidonic and linoleic acids and their 15-lipoxygenase metabolites, namely 15-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HpETE) and 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HpODE). Another reactive peroxidation product is 4-hydroxy-2 E,6 Z-dodecadienal (4-HDDE), which is derived from 12-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HpETE), the 12-lipoxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid. Hydroxyalkenals, notably 4-HNE, have been implicated in various pathophysiological interactions due to their chemical reactivity and the formation of covalent adducts with macromolecules. The progressive accumulation of these adducts alters normal cell functions that can lead to cell death. The lipophilicity of these aldehydes positively correlates to their chemical reactivity. Nonetheless, at low and noncytotoxic concentrations, these molecules may function as signaling molecules in cells. This has been shown mostly for 4-HNE and to some extent for 4-HHE. The capacity of 4-HDDE to generate such “mixed signals” in cells has received less attention. This review addresses the origin and cellular functions of 4-hydroxyalkernals.

scholarly journals Mechanistic Pathways of ATP Sensitive Potassium Channels Referring to Cardio-Protective Effects and Cellular Functions

Drug Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (07) ◽  
pp. 365-373
Author(s):  
Vishal Kumar Vishwakarma ◽  
Prabhat Kumar Upadhyay ◽  
Hridaya Shanker Chaurasiya ◽  
Ritesh Kumar Srivasatav ◽  
Tarique Mahmood Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Potassium Channels ◽  
Calcium Release ◽  
High Heat ◽  
High Heart Rate ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Ischemic Reperfusion ◽  
Cardio Protection

AbstractA study of potassium channels correlates the fundamentals of mechanistic pathways and various physiological functions. The knowledge of these pathways provides the background, how to determine unit cell functions and to affect cardio protection. ATP sensitive potassium channels adjust excitability of membrane and functions as per metabolic status of cell. A lot of energy consumption primarily occurred in skeletal muscles which also express high number of potassium channels. The increase in calcium release and high heat production is occurred due to loss of potassium channels. Such type of mediations determines metabolic changes and energy required in the dissipation. IPC reduces infarct size in anesthetized mice. In ischemic-reperfusion, pressure in left ventricle was watched while contractile power recovery did not happen. It was seen that elements of intact potassium channel are fundamental for Ischemic preconditioning (IPC). If more prominent is enactment of potassium channels and their cardiologic effects create high heart rate. All the more as of late, it has been suggested that mitochondrial ATP sensitive potassium channels are critical as closing stage effectors which trigger IPC as opposed to sarcolemmal potassium channels. Nevertheless, the importance of the potassium channels reconsidered in cardio-protection in present findings. These discoveries recommend that potassium channels in the adjusting ischemic-reperfusion damage in mice. The heart rate of the mouse occurred during ischemia; enhance watchful extrapolation applied to larger warm blooded animals.

scholarly journals For Better or Worse: The Potential for Dose Limiting the On-Target Toxicity of PI 3-Kinase Inhibitors

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Buchanan ◽  
Kate Lee ◽  
Peter Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Cellular Tissue ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Therapeutic Window ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Target Drug

The hyper-activation of the phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase signaling pathway is a hallmark of many cancers and overgrowth syndromes, and as a result, there has been intense interest in the development of drugs that target the various isoforms of PI 3-kinase. Given the key role PI 3-kinases play in many normal cell functions, there is significant potential for the disruption of essential cellular functions by PI 3-kinase inhibitors in normal tissues; so-called on-target drug toxicity. It is, therefore, no surprise that progress within the clinical development of PI 3-kinase inhibitors as single-agent anti-cancer therapies has been slowed by the difficulty of identifying a therapeutic window. The aim of this review is to place the cellular, tissue and whole-body effects of PI 3-kinase inhibition in the context of understanding the potential for dose limiting on-target toxicities and to introduce possible strategies to overcome these.

scholarly journals Designing interactions by control of protein–ligand complex conformation: tuning arginine–arene interaction geometry for enhanced electrostatic protein–ligand interactions

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1014-1021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.-L. Noresson ◽  
O. Aurelius ◽  
C. T. Öberg ◽  
O. Engström ◽  
A. P. Sundin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Conformation ◽  
Salt Bridges ◽  
Ligand Complex ◽  
Protein Ligand Interactions ◽  
Ligand Interactions ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Control Protein

3-Benzamido-2-O-sulfo-galactosides can be designed to control protein conformation into forming entropically favourable galectin-3-arginine salt bridges with ligand sulfates.

scholarly journals Phosphoinositide-derived messengers in endocrine signaling

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Balla
Keyword(s):  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Surface Receptors ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Molecular Events ◽  
Membrane Compartments ◽  
Specific Receptors ◽  
Endocrine Signaling ◽  
G Protein Coupled

One of the fundamental questions in endocrinology is how circulating or locally produced hormones affect target cell functions by activating specific receptors linked to numerous signal-transduction pathways. An important subset of G protein-coupled cell-surface receptors can activate phospholipase C enzymes to hydrolyze a small but critically important class of phospholipids, the phosphoinositides. Although this signaling pathway has been extensively explored over the last 20 years, this has proven to be only the tip of the iceberg, and the multiplicity and diversity of the cellular functions controlled by phosphoinositides have surpassed any imagination. Phosphoinositides have been found to be key regulators of ion channels and transporters, and controllers of vesicular trafficking and the transport of lipids between intracellular membranes. Essentially, they organize the recruitment and regulation of signaling protein complexes in specific membrane compartments. While many of these processes have been classically studied by cell biologists, molecular endocrinology cannot ignore these recent advances, and now needs to integrate the cell biologist’s views in the modern concept of how hormones affect cell functions and how derailment of simple molecular events can lead to complex endocrine and metabolic disorders.

Electrical control of cell density gradients on a conducting polymer surface

2009 ◽  
pp. 5278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alwin M. D. Wan ◽  
Daniel J. Brooks ◽  
Abdurrahman Gumus ◽  
Claudia Fischbach ◽  
George G. Malliaras
Keyword(s):  
Cell Density ◽  
Conducting Polymer ◽  
Polymer Surface ◽  
Density Gradients ◽  
Electrical Control

scholarly journals Genome-wide analysis of cell-gene interactions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Cardinale
Keyword(s):  
Single Gene ◽  
Rna Stability ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Synthetic Genes ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Cell Gene ◽  
Single Gene Deletion

AbstractThe study presents an analysis of how different cellular functions link cell size to the expression of synthetic genes inE. coli. The Size-Expression interaction was mapped with a two-gene genetic probe across 3800 single-gene deletion strains. Through regression analysis, expression-specific effects and gene-specific effects were derived from size effects and generic expression effects, respectively. The entire compendium of cell functions broadly mapped to four systems of distinct primary influence on the Size-Expression map. Specifically, membrane structural components primarily affected size, whereas protein and RNA stability primarily affected gene expression. In addition, major Size-Expression shifts showed no substantial gene-specific effects unless they were mediated by key components of the protein synthesis apparatus.Subject Category:Synthetic Biology

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