scholarly journals Substrate stiffness regulates primary hepatocyte functions

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (99) ◽  
pp. 80956-80966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaishaali Natarajan ◽  
Eric J. Berglund ◽  
Dorothy X. Chen ◽  
Srivatsan Kidambi
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Substrate Stiffness ◽  
Primary Hepatocyte ◽  
Chronic Injuries

Liver fibrosis occurs as a consequence of chronic injuries from viral infections, metabolic disorders, and alcohol abuse.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and Therapeutic Management of Liver Fibrosis by microRNA

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 8139
Author(s):  
Tomoko Tadokoro ◽  
Asahiro Morishita ◽  
Tsutomu Masaki
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Primary Biliary Cholangitis ◽  
Medical Need ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Complications Of Cirrhosis ◽  
And Control ◽  
Functional Rnas ◽  
Remarkable Progress ◽  
Made In

Remarkable progress has been made in the treatment and control of hepatitis B and C viral infections. However, fundamental treatments for diseases in which liver fibrosis is a key factor, such as cirrhosis, alcoholic/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary sclerosing cholangitis, are still under development and remain an unmet medical need. To solve this problem, it is essential to elucidate the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis in detail from a molecular and cellular perspective and to develop targeted therapeutic agents based on this information. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs), functional RNAs of 22 nucleotides, have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. In addition, extracellular vesicles called “exosomes” have been attracting attention, and research is being conducted to establish noninvasive and extremely sensitive biomarkers using miRNAs in exosomes. In this review, we summarize miRNAs directly involved in liver fibrosis, miRNAs associated with diseases leading to liver fibrosis, and miRNAs related to complications of cirrhosis. We will also discuss the efficacy of each miRNA as a biomarker of liver fibrosis and pathology, and its potential application as a therapeutic agent.

Decrease in blood borne viral infections, liver fibrosis and drug use in a Danish prison population

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. S320-S321
Author(s):  
J. Soeholm ◽  
D. Holm ◽  
B. Mössner ◽  
J. Hansen ◽  
P.B. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Prison Population

Role of cannabinoids in various diseases: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simran Kaur ◽  
Nikita Sharma ◽  
Arpita Roy
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Psychological Disorders ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
The Body ◽  
Therapeutic Aspect

Background: The plant, Cannabis sativa is heavily explored and researched with many industrial and pharmaceutical applications. The medicinal and therapeutic role of cannabis Sativa has been summarized in the paper, citing its mechanism of action and influence on the human body. Diseases like metabolic disorders, infectious diseases, and psychological disorders pose negative and long-term drastic effects on the body like neurodegeneration and other chronic system failures. Several existing literature has proved its effectiveness against such diseases. Objectives: This review aims to provide an overview of the role of cannabinoids in various diseases like metabolic disorders, infectious diseases, and psychological disorders. Method: Various e-resources like Pubmed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar were thoroughly searched and read to form a well-informed and information-heavy manuscript. Here we tried to summaries the therapeutic aspect of Cannabis sativa and its bioactive compound cannabinoids in various diseases. Result: This review highlights the various constituents which are present in Cannabis sativa, the Endocannabinoid system, and the role of cannabinoids in various diseases Conclusion: Recent research on Cannabis has suggested its role in neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, sleep disorders, pediatric diseases, and their analgesic nature. Therefore, the authors majorly focus on the therapeutic aspect of Cannabis sativa in various diseases. The focus is also on the endocannabinoid system (ECS) and its role in fighting or preventing bacterial, parasitic, fungal, and viral infections.

W1050 Impact of Alcohol Abuse and Dependence On Liver Fibrosis in a Prospective Cohort of 6090 HIV+/Hiv- U.S. Veterans

2008 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. A-623
Author(s):  
Joseph K. Lim ◽  
Shawn L. Fultz ◽  
Joseph L. Goulet ◽  
Joseph Conigliaro ◽  
Kendall J. Bryant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Alcohol Abuse And Dependence

scholarly journals Elevated Levels of IL-33, IL-17 and IL-25 Indicate the Progression from Chronicity to Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hepatitis C Virus Patients

Pathogens ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Momen Askoura ◽  
Hisham A. Abbas ◽  
Hadeel AlSadoun ◽  
Wesam H. Abdulaal ◽  
Amr S. Abu Lila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Serum Level ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Chronic Patients

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the most epidemic viral infections in the world. Three-quarters of individuals infected with HCV become chronic. As a consequence of persistent inflammation, a considerable percentage of chronic patients progress to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and finally hepatocellular carcinoma. Cytokines, which are particularly produced from T-helper cells, play a crucial role in immune protection against HCV and the progression of the disease as well. In this study, the role of interleukins IL-33, IL-17, and IL-25 in HCV patients and progression of disease from chronicity to hepatocellular carcinoma will be characterized in order to use them as biomarkers of disease progression. The serum levels of the tested interleukins were measured in patients suffering from chronic hepatitis C (CHC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and healthy controls (C), and their levels were correlated to the degree of liver fibrosis, liver fibrosis markers and viral load. In contrast to the IL-25 serum level, which increased in patients suffering from HCC only, the serum levels of both IL-33 and IL-17 increased significantly in those patients suffering from CHC and HCC. In addition, IL-33 serum level was found to increase by liver fibrosis progression and viral load, in contrast to both IL-17 and IL-25. Current results indicate a significant role of IL-33 in liver inflammation and fibrosis progress in CHC, whereas IL-17 and IL-25 may be used as biomarkers for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma.

P0743 : Interleukin-6 is associated with liver fibrosis in HCV-infected patients with alcohol abuse

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. S604
Author(s):  
L.D. Silva ◽  
Y.G.G. Giampietro ◽  
B.D.M. Theobaldo ◽  
L.R. da Cunha ◽  
R. Teixeira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Interleukin 6

Monocyte Chemotactic Protein - 1 (MCP-1) Concentration in Alcohol Dependent Women

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Augustyńska ◽  
A. Araszkiewicz ◽  
G. Odrowąż-Sypniewska ◽  
L. Grodzki ◽  
J. Sobczyk
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Alcohol Abuse ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Monocyte Chemotactic Protein ◽  
Chemotactic Protein ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Background:Prolonged alcohol abuse as a chronic disease may increase inflammation and lead to hepatic disorders. Liver fibrosis results from chronic damage to the liver in conjunction with the accumulation of ECM proteins, which is characteristic of most types of chronic liver diseases. The main cause of liver fibrosis include alcohol abuse. The pathological features of hepatic cirrhosis induced by ethanol and other factors are similar. Monocyte chemotactic protein - 1 (MCP-1) is a protein related to inflammation and fibrosis.The aim of this study was to assess of MCP-1in serum of alcohol dependent women.Methods:Study group consisted of 40 inpatients treated in Inpatients Clinic in Toruń. Mean age of females in the study group was 43+/-7 yrs, duration of alcohol dependence 8+/-6 yrs. Control group consisted of 35 healthy women. Monocyte chemotactic protein - 1 (MCP-1) in the serum was determined by ELISA, serum AST and ALT on automatic analyzer.Results:Average serum AST was 32,88+/-32,95, ALT 29,76+/-24,48 (U/l). The concentration of MCP-1 was significantly higher in alcohol-dependent female group compared to healthy subjects (360,34ng/ml +/-273,95 vs 240,27ng/ml+/-178,31; p=0,030).Conclusions:These results imply that prolonged alcohol abuse leads to increased concentrations of MCP-1 and may in consequence have impact on the pro-inflammatory state related to increased risk of liver fibrosis. Our results suggests that prolonged alcohol abuseas as chronic disease can be a factor of inflammation and lead to hepatic disorders.

scholarly journals Case Report: Isolated lingual dystonia

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Zaland Ahmed Yousafzai ◽  
Wajeeha Qayyum ◽  
Sohail Khan ◽  
Mawara Iftikhar ◽  
Qazi Kamran Amin
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Oromandibular Dystonia ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
Multiple Imaging ◽  
Lingual Dystonia ◽  
The Face

Oromandibular dystonia is defined as a focal dystonia that manifests as forceful contractions of the face, jaw, and/or tongue. Lingual dystonia is a rare subtype of oromandibular dystonia that specifically affects the tongue. Multiple etiologies are thought to attribute to oromandibular dystonia, including brain damage, the use of neuroleptic medications, neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic disorders, neurodevelopmental disorders, and viral infections. Idiopathic cases of isolated lingual dystonia are rare and seldom reported in the literature. This report describes a 35-year-old female patient with lingual dystonia that was present at rest and aggravated during speech. Despite detailed history taking and a thorough examination, along with multiple imaging and laboratory studies, no cause could be established and her case was classified as being that of an idiopathic etiology.

scholarly journals Metabolism, HDACs, and HDAC Inhibitors: A Systems Biology Perspective

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 792
Author(s):  
Jacob King ◽  
Maya Patel ◽  
Sriram Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Systems Biology ◽  
Histone Deacetylases ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Hdac Inhibitors ◽  
Cancer Cell Line ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Single Cell Sequencing ◽  
Future Potential ◽  
Metabolic Biomarkers

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are epigenetic enzymes that play a central role in gene regulation and are sensitive to the metabolic state of the cell. The cross talk between metabolism and histone acetylation impacts numerous biological processes including development and immune function. HDAC inhibitors are being explored for treating cancers, viral infections, inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic disorders. However, how HDAC inhibitors impact cellular metabolism and how metabolism influences their potency is unclear. Discussed herein are recent applications and future potential of systems biology methods such as high throughput drug screens, cancer cell line profiling, single cell sequencing, proteomics, metabolomics, and computational modeling to uncover the interplay between metabolism, HDACs, and HDAC inhibitors. The synthesis of new systems technologies can ultimately help identify epigenomic and metabolic biomarkers for patient stratification and the design of effective therapeutics.

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