A rheological study on non-rubber component networks in natural rubber

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (111) ◽  
pp. 91742-91750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Xu ◽  
Cheng Huang ◽  
Mingchao Luo ◽  
Wei Qu ◽  
Han Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Rheological Study ◽  
Residual Fragment ◽  
Rubber Component ◽  
P Proteins

Proteins can interact with phospholipids in NR, the residual fragment also interact with ω-terminals in DPNR.

Characterization of Snap-On Calf Nipple Product and Development of its Compound Formulation Based on Natural Rubber

2017 ◽  
Vol 744 ◽  
pp. 282-287
Author(s):  
Sarawut Prasertsri ◽  
Sansanee Srichan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Calcium Carbonate ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Rubber Compound ◽  
Rubber Compounds ◽  
Rubber Component

This research aimed to develop the formulation of natural rubber filled with carbon black, silica and calcium carbonate for rubber calf nipple application. The reverse engineering was performed on the calf nipple product to analyze the rubber type and component by using Soxhlet extraction, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques. Furthermore, mechanical properties were examined to act as benchmark for the rubber compound design. The results showed that rubber component in the nipple product was natural rubber, whereas two filler types revealed as carbon black and calcium carbonate with 10 and 35 of the total weight. In addition, rubber nipple showed the hardness of 46±1 Shore A and tensile strength of 5.3±0.60 MPa. From the investigation of the properties of developed rubber compounds in this work, it was found that the mechanical properties depended on type and content of filler. The required mechanical properties of vulcanizates were achieved at 20 phr of carbon black (N330), 20 phr of silica and 120 phr of calcium carbonate.

scholarly journals Gas Barrier, Rheological and Mechanical Properties of Immiscible Natural Rubber/Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber/Organoclay (NR/NBR/Organoclay) Blend Nanocomposites

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna J. Maria ◽  
Martin George Thomas ◽  
Marco Morreale ◽  
Francesco Paolo La Mantia ◽  
Ange Nzihou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Gas Permeability ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Rubber Blends ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Blend Composition ◽  
Rubber Component ◽  
Permeability Studies

In this paper, gas permeability studies were performed on materials based on natural rubber/acrylonitrile butadiene rubber blends and nanoclay incorporated blend systems. The properties of natural rubber (NR)/nitrile rubber (NBR)/nanoclay nanocomposites, with a particular focus on gas permeability, are presented. The measurements of the barrier properties were assessed using two different gases—O2 and CO2—by taking in account the blend composition, the filler loading and the nature of the gas molecules. The obtained data showed that the permeability of gas transport was strongly affected by: (i) the blend composition—it was observed that the increase in acrylonitrile butadiene rubber component considerably decreased the permeability; (ii) the nature of the gas—the permeation of CO2 was higher than O2; (iii) the nanoclay loading—it was found that the permeability decreased with the incorporation of nanoclay. The localization of nanoclay in the blend system also played a major role in determining the gas permeability. The permeability of the systems was correlated with blend morphology and dispersion of the nanoclay platelets in the polymer blend.

scholarly journals English Estimating Fatigue of Nr45 Natural Rubber Used in Crank Pulley

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Cihangir Kaplan ◽  
Cem Güleç ◽  
Mesut Arıkoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Torsional Vibration ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Component Structure ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Metal Rubber ◽  
Rubber Component

Rubber is used as a vibration damper in many engineering applications, especially in the automotive industry. Rubber is used to dampen torsional vibration in internal combustion engines. Therefore, crank pulleys are used to dampen the crankshaft in a certain frequency range. Rubber durability is very important for the crank pulley to perform its duty for a long time. In this study, the dynamic life of NR45 natural rubber with two different mixtures used in crank pulleys was determined by the prepared test approach. A metal-rubber component structure used in the slip test samples was formed and produced. The metal-rubber component is left to force the rubber in the vertical direction with its natural frequency and specified amplitude to simulate torsional vibration in crank pulleys. A test setup design was carried out to force the metal-rubber component at the determined frequency. In the study, life expectancy estimates based on amplitude and frequency were created on experimental data.

Dynamic Variation of Storage Characteristics and Molecular Structure of Natural Rubber

2019 ◽  
Vol 953 ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Fu Chun Zhao ◽  
Jie Guan ◽  
Wan Na Bai ◽  
Shuang Quan Liao
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Accelerated Storage ◽  
Apparent Correlation ◽  
Quality Stability ◽  
Rubber Component ◽  
Storage Characteristics ◽  
Storage Properties

The quality stability of the natural rubber is a key point to its use in the industries and some special fields. However, due to storage hardening caused by the complicated molecular structure of natural rubber and non-rubber component, the quality uniformity is still not controlled in the nowadays rubber factory. In the previous research, storage hardening phenomena are extensively examined but the special mechanism is controversial and detail information is need to be further revealed. The dynamic evolution of accelerated storage properties and molecular structure of natural rubber have been investigated. The results show that △P increased slowly at first but then increased apparently and PRI has no direct relationship with △P. The storage time of 24 h is the critical storage period in which besides the △P and PRI, the P0, gel content and molecular weight also has obvious transformation. △P has a negative apparent correlation with ester content but protein content is relatively of no account in storage hardening process.

Fatigue Life Evaluation of Rubber Components for Automobile Vehicles

2006 ◽  
Vol 324-325 ◽  
pp. 181-184
Author(s):  
Chang Su Woo ◽  
Wan Doo Kim ◽  
Jae Do Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Damage Parameter ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Rubber Component ◽  
Lagrange Strain

The interest of the fatigue life for rubber components was increasing according to the extension of warranty period of the automotive components. In this study, the fatigue lifetime prediction methodology of the vulcanized natural rubber was proposed by incorporating the finite element analysis and fatigue damage parameter determined from fatigue tests. Finite element analysis of 3D dumbbell specimen and rubber component was performed based on a hyper-elastic material model determined from the mechanical tests. The Green-Lagrange strain at the critical location determined from the finite element analysis was used for evaluating the fatigue damage parameter of the natural rubber. Fatigue tests were performed using the 3D dumbbell specimens and rubber component with different levels of maximum strain and various load. Fatigue life curves can be effectively represented by a following single function using the maximum Green-Lagrange strain. Fatigue lives of the natural rubber are predicted by using the fatigue damage parameters at the critical location. Predicted fatigue lives of the rubber component for automobile vehicle agreed fairly with the experimental fatigue lives.

Extraction and identification of fillers and pigments from pyrolyzed rubber and tire samples

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 174-175
Author(s):  
P. Sadhukhan ◽  
J. B. Zimmerman
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Carbon Black ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Synthetic Polymers ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Curing Agents

Rubber stocks, specially tires, are composed of natural rubber and synthetic polymers and also of several compounding ingredients, such as carbon black, silica, zinc oxide etc. These are generally mixed and vulcanized with additional curing agents, mainly organic in nature, to achieve certain “designing properties” including wear, traction, rolling resistance and handling of tires. Considerable importance is, therefore, attached both by the manufacturers and their competitors to be able to extract, identify and characterize various types of fillers and pigments. Several analytical procedures have been in use to extract, preferentially, these fillers and pigments and subsequently identify and characterize them under a transmission electron microscope.Rubber stocks and tire sections are subjected to heat under nitrogen atmosphere to 550°C for one hour and then cooled under nitrogen to remove polymers, leaving behind carbon black, silica and zinc oxide and 650°C to eliminate carbon blacks, leaving only silica and zinc oxide.

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