scholarly journals Morinda citrifolia edible leaf extract enhanced immune response against lung cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 741-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swee-Ling Lim ◽  
Yong-Meng Goh ◽  
M. Mustapha Noordin ◽  
Heshu S. Rahman ◽  
Hemn H. Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Complementary Therapies ◽  
Functional Foods ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Anti Cancer

In the search for functional foods as complementary therapies against lung cancer, the immuno-stimulatory properties of the vegetable Morinda citrifolia leaves were investigated and compared with the anti-cancer drug erlotinib.

scholarly journals In Situ Vitrification of Lung Cancer Organoids on a Microwell Array

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 624
Author(s):  
Qiang Liu ◽  
Tian Zhao ◽  
Xianning Wang ◽  
Zhongyao Chen ◽  
Yawei Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Drug Sensitivity ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Microwell Array ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Anti Cancer

Three-dimensional cultured patient-derived cancer organoids (PDOs) represent a powerful tool for anti-cancer drug development due to their similarity to the in vivo tumor tissues. However, the culture and manipulation of PDOs is more difficult than 2D cultured cell lines due to the presence of the culture matrix and the 3D feature of the organoids. In our other study, we established a method for lung cancer organoid (LCO)-based drug sensitivity tests on the superhydrophobic microwell array chip (SMAR-chip). Here, we describe a novel in situ cryopreservation technology on the SMAR-chip to preserve the viability of the organoids for future drug sensitivity tests. We compared two cryopreservation approaches (slow freezing and vitrification) and demonstrated that vitrification performed better at preserving the viability of LCOs. Next, we developed a simple procedure for in situ cryopreservation and thawing of the LCOs on the SMAR-chip. We proved that the on-chip cryopreserved organoids can be recovered successfully and, more importantly, showing similar responses to anti-cancer drugs as the unfrozen controls. This in situ vitrification technology eliminated the harvesting and centrifugation steps in conventional cryopreservation, making the whole freeze–thaw process easier to perform and the preserved LCOs ready to be used for the subsequent drug sensitivity test.

scholarly journals Generation of a co-culture cell micropattern model to simulate lung cancer bone metastasis for anti-cancer drug evaluation

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (35) ◽  
pp. 21837-21847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huixiang Zhong ◽  
Liuyang Xuan ◽  
Dandan Wang ◽  
Jianhua Zhou ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Bone Metastasis ◽  
Drug Evaluation ◽  
Culture Cell ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Efficacy Evaluation ◽  
Anti Cancer

A549/OB co-culture micropattern was fabricated through μ-eraser strategy to mimic lung cancer bone metastasis for DOX efficacy evaluation.

scholarly journals CB13, a novel PPARγ ligand, overcomes radio-resistance via ROS generation and ER stress in human non-small cell lung cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae Woo Kim ◽  
Da-Won Hong ◽  
Sung Hee Hong
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Er Stress ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Pparγ Agonist ◽  
Anti Cancer

Abstract Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a well-known therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes as well as is a potential target for effective anti-cancer drug, since PPARγ ligands such as ciglitazone (Cig) frequently cause cell death in many types of cancer cells and suppress tumor growth. However, many cancer patients acquire chemo-resistance or radio-resistance after chemo or radiotherapy, and it is still unclear. In the difficulty of well-known anti-cancer drugs, we developed a novel PPARγ agonist CB13 (1-benzyl-5-(4-methylphenyl) pyrido [2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione) and investigated the anti-cancer effect and cell death mechanism on human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. With anti-cancer effect of Cig, CB13 also causes inhibition of cell growth by decreasing cell viability, increasing the release of LDH, and increasing caspase-3, and caspase-9 activities. CB13 generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and causes cell death via ER stress in NSCLC and radio-resistant NSCLC cells (A549R and H460R), and a combination of CB13 and radiation induces greater ER stress and cell death when compared to CB13 alone. Taken together, our results suggest that a combination of CB13 and radiation may overcome radio-resistance caused by radiotherapy.

B7-H3 Immune Checkpoint Protein in Human Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (24) ◽  
pp. 4062-4086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Flem-Karlsen ◽  
Øystein Fodstad ◽  
Caroline E. Nunes-Xavier
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Anti Cancer

B7-H3 belongs to the B7 family of immune checkpoint proteins, which are important regulators of the adaptive immune response and emerging key players in human cancer. B7-H3 is a transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of tumor cells, antigen presenting cells, natural killer cells, tumor endothelial cells, but can also be present in intra- and extracellular vesicles. Additionally, B7-H3 may be present as a circulating soluble isoform in serum and other body fluids. B7-H3 is overexpressed in a variety of tumor types, in correlation with poor prognosis. B7-H3 is a promising new immunotherapy target for anti-cancer immune response, as well as a potential biomarker. Besides its immunoregulatory role, B7-H3 has intrinsic pro-tumorigenic activities related to enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, metastatic capacity and anti-cancer drug resistance. B7-H3 has also been found to regulate key metabolic enzymes, promoting the high glycolytic capacity of cancer cells. B7-H3 receptors are still not identified, and little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying B7-H3 functions. Here, we review the current knowledge on the involvement of B7-H3 in human cancer.

Therapeutic potential of natural compounds in lung cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minnatallah Al-Yozbaki ◽  
Peter J. Wilkin ◽  
Girish Kumar Gupta ◽  
Cornelia M. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Natural Compound ◽  
Cell Signalling ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Anti Cancer

: Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. The management of lung cancer treatment is often ineffective as a result of the development of drug resistance, reactions to treatment, drug-drug interactions or non-specific targeting of the anti-cancer drugs. Natural compounds show promise and potential activity in lung cancer with very few side effects. While, the combinatorial action of an anti-cancer drug with a natural compound provide synergistic action which help to boost the overall therapeutic action against cancer cells. In cancer, there is a dysregulation of apoptosis which facilitates the cancer cell to survive resulting in progression of the cancer. Many cancer drugs cause mutations of genes that regulate the cancer which should kill the cancer cell but lead to chemoresistance. There are many natural compounds that could specifically target different cell signalling pathways associated with cancer progression to provide a cytotoxic effect in the target cell. The importance of these compounds is emerging in many therapies developed with dual action often including a natural compound. In this review, we present a selection of these natural compounds and how they target lung cancer cells with a focus on the cell signalling pathways. Further work is required to delineate the potential action of natural compounds in the treatment against cancer.

RRM1 expression is verified as a biomarker predicting the drug sensitivity for GEM with in vitro 3D drug sensitivity test in non-small cell lung cancer tumor.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e20054-e20054
Author(s):  
Nariyasu Nakashima ◽  
Dage Liu ◽  
Takayuki Nakano ◽  
Yusuke Kita ◽  
Xia Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Drug Sensitivity ◽  
Collagen Gel ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Drug Sensitivity Test ◽  
Anti Cancer

e20054 Background: Ribonucleotide reductase M1 (RRM1) is involved in regulation of cell proliferation and synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides for DNA. It is also a cellular target for gemcitabine (GEM) and overexpression of RRM1 was reported to be associated with the resistance to GEM. Though RRM1 expression has been reported as the biomarkers in predicting the response to chemotherapy clinically, the value of GEM remains inconsistent and controversial. Collagen gel droplet embedded culture-drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) is a newly developed in vitro chemosensitivity test that could directly inspect the anti-cancer drug sensitivity with fresh tumor tissue. With use of CD-DST test, we have verified the predictive value of RRM1 expression to the anti-cancer agent sensitivity for GEM in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor. Here, the predictive value of biomarker RRM1 to GEM was further verified with CD-DST. Methods: Twenty-five patients with primary NSCLC were used in this study. Expression of RRM1 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. For CD-DST test, viable cells were collected from fresh surgical specimen and embed into the collagen gel droplets in 3D condition. Tumor cells were exposed to GEM for 1 hour and further incubated with serum-free culture medium for 7 days. The in vitro sensitivity was expressed as the percentage T/C ratio, where T was the total volume of the treated group and C was the total volume of the control group. Results: 1)Anti-cancer drug sensitivity: The sensitivity for GEM (T/C%) was 76.2 ± 30.5. 2)Expression of biomarkers: RRM1 expression was 39.2 ± 28.2 %. 3) Correlation: The expression of RRM1 significantly correlated with drug sensitivity for GEM (r = 0.446, p = 0.0256). Higher expression of RRM1 indicated worse anti-cancer drug sensitivity for GEM. Conclusions: The significant correlation between the RRM1 expression and sensitivity to GEM was proved with CD-DST in NSCLC tumors. The expression of RRM1 may become a useful biomarker in predicting the drug sensitivity for GEM in NSCLC.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Vascularized Lung Cancer-on-a-Chip with Lung Extracellular Matrix Hydrogels for In Vitro Screening

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3930
Author(s):  
Sangun Park ◽  
Tae Kim ◽  
Soo Kim ◽  
Seungkwon You ◽  
Youngmee Jung
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Lung Fibroblasts ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Anti Cancer

Recent advances in immunotherapies and molecularly targeted therapies have led to an increased interest in exploring the field of in vitro tumor mimetic platforms. An increasing need to understand the mechanisms of anti-cancer therapies has led to the development of natural tumor tissue-like in vitro platforms capable of simulating the tumor microenvironment. The incorporation of vascular structures into the in vitro platforms could be a crucial factor for functional investigation of most anti-cancer therapies, including immunotherapies, which are closely related to the circulatory system. Decellularized lung extracellular matrix (ldECM), comprised of ECM components and pro-angiogenic factors, can initiate vascularization and is ideal for mimicking the natural microenvironment. In this study, we used a ldECM-based hydrogel to develop a 3D vascularized lung cancer-on-a-chip (VLCC). We specifically encapsulated tri-cellular spheroids made from A549 cells, HUVECs, and human lung fibroblasts, for simulating solid type lung cancer. Additionally, two channels were incorporated in the hydrogel construct to mimic perfusable vessel structures that resemble arterioles or venules. Our study highlights how a more effective dose-dependent action of the anti-cancer drug Doxorubicin was observed using a VLCC over 2D screening. This observation confirmed the potential of the VLCC as a 3D in vitro drug screening tool.

scholarly journals Bio fabrication of gold nanoparticles and their combination with chemotherapy and ultrasound for effective treatment of tumors

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 815-821
Author(s):  
Mingmei Li
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Pueraria Lobata ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Anti Tumor Activity

Background and Objective: Chemotherapy is one of the important medical option for the cancer therapy, but still new combination of therapeutic treatment methods are needed to achieve efficient anti tumor activity. In this work, Pueraria lobata leaf extract was utilized as a bio reductant for the fabrication of the Gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) by an ecological approach without using any harmful chemical. This work also evaluates whether the combined effect of chemotherapy along with Au-NPs and Ultrasound (US) is effective over the tumors or not. Materials and methods: About 10 mL of plant extract was added to 1mM of HAuCl4 solution (20.0 mL) and pH was maintained at 12 and allowed for stirring for half an hour. The change in solution color from yellow to purple signified the Au-NPs formation. Results: XRD results and TEM images confirmed the formation of crystalline Au-NPs with sizes ranging from 23-30 nm. Further, biological studies revealed that the combination of Au-NPs and US along with chemotherapy improved the impact of anti-cancer drug. Conclusion: In conclusion, Pueraria lobata leaf extract mediated synthesis of Au-NPs by an eco-friendly approach was reported in this work. The plant biomolecules of the extract were involved in the reduction and capping of the Au-NPs formed. The major conclusion is that addition of Au-NPs with chemotherapy and ultrasound has shown more effective anti-tumor activity. Keywords: Au-NPs; chemotherapy; ultrasound; plant bio-constituents.

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