Template-free synthesis of porous carbonaceous solid acids with controllable acid sites and their excellent activity for catalyzing the synthesis of biofuels and fine chemicals

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 2995-3007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fujian Liu ◽  
Bojie Li ◽  
Chen Liu ◽  
Weiping Kong ◽  
Xianfeng Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Sites ◽  
Solid Acids ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Excellent Activity ◽  
Template Free ◽  
Biomass Transformation ◽  
Highly Porous

Highly porous carbonaceous solid acids with controllable acidity and enhanced activities for catalyzing biomass transformation have been prepared under template free conditions.

scholarly journals Metal–Organic Framework-Based Solid Acid Materials for Biomass Upgrade

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yutian Qin ◽  
Jun Guo ◽  
Meiting Zhao
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Solid Acid ◽  
Metal Organic Framework ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Solid Acid Catalysts ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Acid Catalysts ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Biomass Transformation ◽  
Organic Framework

AbstractBiomass is a green and producible source of energy and chemicals. Hence, developing high-efficiency catalysts for biomass utilization and transformation is urgently demanded. Metal–organic framework (MOF)-based solid acid materials have been considered as promising catalysts in biomass transformation. In this review, we first introduce the genre of Lewis acid and Brønsted acid sites commonly generated in MOFs or MOF-based composites. Then, the methods for the generation and adjustment of corresponding acid sites are overviewed. Next, the catalytic applications of MOF-based solid acid materials in various biomass transformation reactions are summarized and discussed. Furthermore, based on our personal insights, the challenges and outlook on the future development of MOF-based solid acid catalysts are provided. We hope that this review will provide an instructive roadmap for future research on MOFs and MOF-based composites for biomass transformation.

scholarly journals Solid Acids from Persulphated and Perchlorated Physical Mixtures of Zirconium and Titanium Hydroxides

2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 977-993
Author(s):  
Gamal M.S. El Shafei ◽  
Christine A. Philip
Keyword(s):  
Tetragonal Phase ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Solid Acids ◽  
Monoclinic Zirconia ◽  
Anion Adsorption ◽  
Physical Mixtures ◽  
Structural Aspects

Calcination at 650°C of a physical mixture of zirconium and titanium hydroxides led to the formation of the corresponding oxides, monoclinic zirconia and anatase. The adsorption of perchlorate or persulphate anions (as 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 or 0.4 M aqueous solutions) before calcination did not inhibit crystallization; however, perchlorate anions activated the formation of rutile in addition to the predominant anatase phase. Indeed, the adsorption of perchlorated anions prior to calcination allowed the thermodynamically less stable tetragonal phase of zirconia to be detected in addition to monoclinic zirconia at ambient temperature. In contrast, the adsorption of persulphate anions before calcination stabilized the tetragonal phase with no rutile phase being detected in this case. Infrared spectroscopy showed that adsorbed S2O82– anions were held more strongly by the solid than ClO4− anions which tended to decompose when the solid was calcined. The acidities of the solid acids produced because of S2O82– or ClO4−anion adsorption were studied via the adsorption of pyridine (pKa = 5.3) from cyclohexane solution. The amounts and strengths of the acid sites formed during persulphate treatment were higher than those resulting from perchlorate adsorption. The strength of the acid sites formed on samples calcined before loading with S2O82– or ClO4− anions showed no significant differences. Variations detected in the structural aspects arising from S2O82– or ClO4− anion adsorption were reflected in the texture as assessed by nitrogen adsorption at −196°C.

Template-free synthesis of highly porous V2O5 cuboids with enhanced performance for lithium ion batteries

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (30) ◽  
pp. 305404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Zhang ◽  
Guozhao Fang ◽  
Caiwu Liang ◽  
Jiang Zhou ◽  
Xiaoping Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Template Free ◽  
Highly Porous

scholarly journals Template-free synthesis of mesoporous manganese oxides with catalytic activity in the oxygen evolution reaction

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 780-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suoyuan Lian ◽  
Michelle P. Browne ◽  
Carlota Domínguez ◽  
Serban N. Stamatin ◽  
Hugo Nolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Oxygen Evolution ◽  
Oxygen Evolution Reaction ◽  
Water Oxidation ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Template Free ◽  
Highly Porous

Solvothermally synthesised MnCO3 leads to template-free formation of highly porous, defect-rich MnO2 with high activity in water oxidation.

Quantitative Measurement of the Brönsted Acid Sites in Solid Acids:  Toward a Single-Site Design of Mo-Modified ZSM-5 Zeolite

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (21) ◽  
pp. 10390-10395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Tessonnier ◽  
Benoît Louis ◽  
Stephane Walspurger ◽  
Jean Sommer ◽  
Marc-Jacques Ledoux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Measurement ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Solid Acids ◽  
Single Site ◽  
Bronsted Acid ◽  
Brønsted Acid ◽  
Brønsted Acid Sites ◽  
Brönsted Acid ◽  
Site Design ◽  
Brönsted Acid Sites

One-Step Template-Free Synthesis of Highly Porous Boron Nitride Microsponges for Hydrogen Storage

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 1301525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qunhong Weng ◽  
Xuebin Wang ◽  
Yoshio Bando ◽  
Dmitri Golberg
Keyword(s):  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
One Step ◽  
Template Free ◽  
Highly Porous

scholarly journals MOF catalysts in biomass upgrading towards value-added fine chemicals

CrystEngComm ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (29) ◽  
pp. 4092-4117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Herbst ◽  
Christoph Janiak
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Fine Chemicals ◽  
Critical Comparison ◽  
Synthetic Routes ◽  
Biomass Transformation

The development of new synthetic routes from biomass sources towards already existing molecules, which are then called bio-based molecules, or the transformation of biomass into new building blocks and materials will be of great impact. This review presents a critical comparison between MOFs and other catalysts (e.g. zeolites) for biomass transformation.

scholarly journals Catalytic Acetylation of Aromatics with Metal Chlorides and Solid Acids − a Comparative Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Wilson ◽  
Mark L. Kaliya ◽  
Miron V. Landau ◽  
Moti Herskowitz
Keyword(s):  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Sulfated Zirconia ◽  
Lewis Acids ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Solid Acids ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Metal Chlorides ◽  
Catalytic Behaviour ◽  
Turn Over ◽  
Redox Centers

<p>Evaluation of catalytic performances of selected metal chlorides such as AlCl<sub>3</sub>, SnCl<sub>4</sub>, ZnCl<sub>2</sub>, FeCl<sub>3</sub>, InCl<sub>3</sub> and GaCl<sub>3</sub> with solid acids such as sulfated zirconia, and zeolite beta was accomplished for acetylation of anisole, toluene and naphthalene. Presence of super acidity (Lewis or Bronsted acid) is found to be indispensable for activation of substrates towards acetylation reactions. In addition, presence of redox centers would further complement with the Lewis acid sites rendering catalytic stamina against deactivation. Strength of Lewis acid basically determines the activity of the metal chlorides towards acetylation. Among the Lewis acids investigated, FeCl<sub>3</sub>, InCl<sub>3</sub> and GaCl<sub>3</sub> exhibit their catalytic behaviour mostly through redox property as is evident from the conservation of Turn over number even after first cycle. Sulfated zirconia surpasses all the acid catalysts including metal chlorides and exhibits extended catalytic activity in acetylation of anisole. The pre-eminence of sulphated zirconia over other catalytic systems is owing to the synergistic effect of Lewis and Bronsted acidity.</p>

scholarly journals Solid Acids for the Reaction of Bioderived Alcohols into Ethers for Fuel Applications

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Zaccheria ◽  
Nicola Scotti ◽  
Nicoletta Ravasio
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Solid Acids ◽  
Lewis Acid Sites ◽  
Hydroxymethyl Furfural ◽  
Brønsted And Lewis Acid

The use of solids acids in the synthesis of ethers suitable to be used as fuels or fuel additives were reviewed in a critical way. In particular, the role of Brønsted and Lewis acid sites was highlighted to focus on the pivotal role of the acidity nature on the product distribution. Particular emphasis is given to the recently proposed ethers prepared starting from furfural and 5-hydroxymethyl furfural. Thus, they are very promising products that can be derived from lignocellulosic biomass and bioalcohols and possess very interesting chemical and physical properties for their use in the diesel sector.

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